医学专业英语
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一般检查generalexamination
一, 性别sex男Male女Female
二,年龄age
三,生命体征:vital age体温body temperature
a,口测法oral measurementﻩb,肛测法archos measurementc,腋测法axil measurement呼吸respirations脉搏pulse血压blood pressure
四,发育development
体型(Habitus):无力型(asthenic type)、超力型(sthenictype)、正力型(orthosthenic type)
五,营养state of nutrition:良好well、中等moderatelty.肥胖(Obesity)、消瘦slake
六,意识consciousness: 嗜睡drowsiness、意识模糊clouding ofconsciousness昏睡hyponody、昏迷coma(浅,中,深度),谵妄acute confusionalstate
七,语调tone 语态voice
八,面容facial features
急性病容faceof acuteill,慢性病容chronic disease face,贫血面容anemic face,甲亢面容hypert hyreosis feature,粘液性水肿面容myxedema face, 二尖瓣面容mitralfacies,满月脸面容moon face,肢端肥大症面容acromegaly facies,伤寒面容typhoidface,病危面容,Hippocrates face
表情expression 正常normal,淡漠indifference烦躁不安dysphoria,痛苦suffering忧郁gloom九,体位position
a,自主体位active position b,被动体位passive position 极度意识衰竭和丧失culmination consciousness failureandloss
c,强迫体位compulsiveposition强迫坐位(端坐呼吸)compulsivesitting position (orthopnea)
十,姿势posture
十一,步态gaita
a,蹒跚步态waddling gaitb,醉酒步态drinken man gaitc,共济失调步态ataxicgait d,慌张步态fe stinating gait e,跨閱步态steppage gaitf,剪刀步态scissorgait g,间歇性跛行intermittent gait
十二,皮肤skin
1,颜色skincolor a,苍白pallor 贫血anaemiab,发红redness发热fever c,发绀cyanosis 缺氧ﻩhypoxia d,黄染stainedyellow 肝病liverdisease e,色素沉着pigmentation 肝病li verdisease f,色素脱失coloringmaterialloss 白化症albinismus
2,湿度moisture 干燥dry脱水dewat湿润moist休克shock 3,弹性elasticity
4,皮疹skin eruptiona斑疹maculate b玫瑰疹roseola c 丘疹papules; d 斑丘疹maculopapulate ,e荨麻疹urticaria
5,脱屑scales6赘生物vegetation 7,皮下出血subcutaneous hemorrhage
a 瘀点petechiab瘀斑ecchymosis c 紫癜purpura d血肿hematome
8,蜘蛛痣spiderangioma肝掌liver palms 9,水肿edema 10,皮下结节subcutaneous nodules 11,瘢痕scar12,毛发hair 13,淋巴lymph
体检(胸腹部)[Physical examination(chestand belly)]
1、肋骨和软组织[ribs andsoft tissure]
·胸骨上切迹[suprasternalnotch]
·浮肋[freeribs]
·胸壁[chest wall]
·扁平(桶状、佝偻、漏头、鸡)胸[flat (barrel,rachitic,funnel,pigeon)chest]
·皮下气肿[subcutaneousemphysema]
·捻发音[Crepitus]
·软组织损伤[soft tissue injury]
·肋骨畸形[abnormality of the ribs(rib deformity,costal anomaly)]
·肋软骨畸形[costochondral deformity]
·肋软骨增生[costal cartilage hyperplasia]
·肋下切口[subcostal incision]
·肋间隙宽(窄)[wide (narrow) intercostal space]
乳房[breast]
3、肺[lung]
·呼吸缓慢(急促)[bradypnea (tachypnea)]
·呼吸浅慢(深快)[hypopnea (hyperpnea)]
·呼吸不规则[irregular respiration]
·点头呼吸[noddingbreathing]
·端坐呼吸[orthopnea]
·三凹征[retractionsign ofthree fossae]
·叹息样呼吸[sighing respiration]
·浅快[shallow and rapid]
·呼(吸)气性呼吸困难[expiratory(inspiratory) dyspnea]
·呼吸道烧伤(塌陷)[burn (collapse) ofrespiratorytract(airway)]
·呼吸道阻塞[respiratory tractobstruction]
·呼吸均匀(呼吸加深或加快)[eupnea(exaggerated or accleratedrespiratory)]
·呼吸停止[apnea]
·呼吸费力[respirationis labored]
·语音(触觉)震颤[vocal(tactile)fremitus]
·语颤相等(减弱、增强)[vocal fremitusis equal(diminished,accentuated)]
·间接(直接)叩诊[mediate (immediate) percussion]
·浊(实、鼓、清、过清、金属)音[dullness(flatness, tympany, vesicular resonance, hyperresonance, bell)]
·移动范围[rangeofmovement]
·呼吸音消失(减弱,增强)[absence(diminution,exaggeration) ofbreath sound]
·呼吸音粗(清)[sound ofbreath(SOB)isrough (clear)]
·支气管(支气管肺泡,肺泡)音[bronchophony (bronchovesicular sound,vesicular sound)]
·管状呼吸音[tubular breath sound]
·捻发音[crepitant rales]
·爆裂音[crackles]
·干(湿)罗音[dry (moist)rales]
·细(中等、粗)罗音[fine(medium, coarse) rales]
·呼(吸)气未罗音[end-inspiratory(expiratory)rales]
·胸膜摩擦音[pleuralfriction rub]
·呼(吸)气延长[prolongedinspiratory (expiratory)]
·高(低)调鼾音[sibilant(sonorous) rhonchi(sonorous rales)]
·哨笛音[sibilant rales]
·哮鸣音[wheezing]
·小(中、大)水泡音[small(middle, big) bubbles]
·支气管语音[bronchophony]
·耳语音[whispered]
·羊鸣音[egophony]
·高(低)音调[high(low)-pitched]
·两肺部(右背部)[over both lung fields (rightback)]
·两(左)肺底[over theboth (left)lowerlung]
·整个肺野[the whole lung field]
·左(右)上(下)肺[theleft (right)upper (lower) lung]
·肺尖(底)[apex (base) oflung]
4、心脏[Heart]
心房心室室间隔房间隔主动脉瓣肺动脉瓣二尖瓣三尖瓣
·用手掌(指尖)触诊心尖搏动[palpate apical areawith palm numbness (fingertips)]
·心前区隆起(凹陷)[precordial bulge (retraction)]
·搏动弥漫(局限)[diffuse(local) pulsation]
·负性搏动[inwardinpulse]
·心尖搏动[apex beat (apicalimpulse)]
·剑突下搏动[xiphoideusal pulsaton]
·抬举性心尖搏动[heaving apex impulse]
·心尖搏动最强点[point of maximalimpulse (PMI)]
·锁骨中线[mid-calvicularline (MCL)]
·肋间[intercostalspace(ICS)]
·收缩(舒张)期震颤[systolic (diastolic) thrill]