机床滚珠丝杠热分析及热补偿讲解

机电工程学院毕业论文

论文题目: 机床滚珠丝杠热分析及热补偿学生姓名：

学号：

专业班级：

指导教师：

2011年5月25日

摘要

现代制造技术正日益向高速化、精密化、自动化、智能化方向发展。数控机床在加工零件运行过程中，由于机床运动部件间的摩擦生热及周围环境热源的影响等诸多因素都将引起机床热变形。当机床中某些涉及定位、传动的零部件受到热变形影响时，就会造成机床精度下降，甚至无法制造出符合公差要求的产品。

因此，对机床滚珠丝杠进行热特性分析，并根据分析得出的温度场和位移云图总结如何对其进行补偿是很有必要的。本文以南京工艺装备制造公司生产的DZHQ120型号工作台所配备的滚珠丝杠为热分析研究对象，首先建立实体模型，再用有限元分析方法建立有限元模型，并借助ANSYS热分析模块对滚珠丝杠进行热特性分析，获得仿真结果，为实施热变形补偿提供理论依据。最后根据热分析结果，提出它的热变形补偿方案。本文主要工作概括为如下几个方面：

1. 通过查阅资料建立滚珠丝杠三维温度场数学模型，以及结合弹性力学、热变形基

本方程和有限元理论建立热变形数学模型。

2.根据滚珠丝杠尺寸通过PRO/E建立CAD实体模型，将它导入ANSYS中划分网格，从

而建立热特性有限元模型，为CAE分析奠定基础。

3.通过分析计算得出滚珠丝杠上热源以及边界条件相关数据，加载求解后得出温度梯

度图和热变形位移图。

4.根据有限元热特性计算结果,通过查看丝杠节点温度和变形情况选取测温点，提出

热补偿方案。

关键词：滚珠丝杠热特性有限元 ANSYS 热补偿

Title The thermal analysis and thermal

compensation of the screw ball

Abstract

Modern manufacturing techniques are increasingly developing to direction of high-speed, precision, automation and intelligent. CNC machine operation in the processing part, due to the friction heat between moving parts of machine tools and the heat of the surrounding environment and many other factors will cause the machine tool thermal deformation. When the machine parts involved in some of the positioning and the drive are influenced by the thermal deformation, it will result in the decrease of the accuracy of machine,even it can not manufacture the products to meet tolerance requirements.

Therefore, to analysis the thermal characteristics of ball screw machine, and it is necessary for concluding how to compensate with the analysis derived from the temperature field and displacement cloud chart. In this paper, the ball screw equipped in DZHQ120 work table which is made by process equipment manufacturing company in Nanjing is as the model for the study of thermal analysis, first is to establish solid model, then establish finite element model by the finite element analysis, and using ANSYS thermal analysis module analysis the thermal characteristic of ball screw, and obtain the simulation results for thermal deformation compensation providing a theoretical basis. Finally, based on thermal analysis results, raising program of thermal deformation compensation. The work of this paper summarized the following aspects:

1. Through reading relative information to establish three-dimensional temperature field model of the ball screw, and combine elasticity, the basic equation of thermal deformation and the finite element theory to establish thermal deformation model.

2. According to ball screw size to establish CAD solid model by PRO / E, it would mesh when it is imported into ANSYS, so establishing thermal characteristic finite element model, for founding base of the CAE analysis.