新托福阅读篇真题【精华版】

新托福阅读篇真题【精华版】
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新托福阅读54篇真题【精华版】
摘要：新托福阅读54篇真题【精华版内容下载】，每年参加托福阅读考试的考生都会通过各种途径获得托福阅读真题的完整版题集，今天小编将整理的精华版新托福阅读54篇真题分享给大家，做为冲刺阶段的最后一顿大餐。

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新托福阅读54篇真题【节选】2013年5月真题
With the onset of the Industrial Revolution, knowing the age of rocks became a necessary prerequisite to finding industrial minerals, such as coal, iron, and the other materials that fueled and sustained the great Western industrialization of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. It was in the mining regions where engineers, who needed a better system for organizing the various types of rock scattered across Earth's surface, first grappled with scientific approaches to understanding the age of various rocks—and the age of Earth. They realized that if the various rock units could he dated by their relative ages, correlations among even widely separated rocks could be established and from this, some order recognized.
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The pioneering European geologists first believed that identifying a rock's type would give them a strong clue to the age of the rock formation and that one of the most powerful clues came from the hardness of a given rock. Specific rock types were thus assumed to have formed at characteristically different rimes, the softest rocks having formed the most recently. This crude type of dating was first used to understand the way mountains were formed, In the mid-1700's it was thought that there were three distinct types of mountains in Europe, each formed by a different type of rock and each created at a different time. According to this theory, the oldest were the Alps,
which had interior cores composed of very hard, crystalline rocks (such as granite, schist, or basalt). These mountains were called Primitive. Sitting on the flanks of the Primitive mountains were younger, smaller, Secondary mountains composed of layered sedimentary rocks such as limestone. They were often rich with fossils and intermediate in hardness. The youngest Tertiary mountains were composed of softer mudstones and sandstone. Rock type, hardness, and size thus established mountain type, and rock type also became a proxy for age. However, study soon exposed the fallacy of these early notions. It was discovered that some of the very high mountains were composed of the softest sediments and that even hard volcanic rock was sometimes found in very low mountains. By the early 1800's, it was understood that rock type was of no help in establishing age.
Some people are concerned that our soils are becoming depleted of trace minerals by continuous agricultural use and hence that foocte are becoming depleted in vital minerals. This is a complex issue about which not a great deal is known, but the lack of evidence of mineral deficiencies in our population speaks to the adequacy of our soils. Furthermore, soils are replenished in trace minerals by rainwater and especially by irrigation water that is obtained from rivers or wells that draw water from other soil or rock formations far away from the farm.
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