医学英语翻译题汇总
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UNIT 1
1.AlthoughtheDNA in the nucleus of each cell contains all of the genetic
information forall human traits, only a small numberof genesare actually active in a particular cell. These activegenesarethe codes for the proteins necessary for the specific cell type.
尽管每一个细胞核中的DNA都包含有人类特性的所有遗传信息,但实际上只有小数基因在特定细胞中有活性,这些活性基因是特有的细胞类型所必须的蛋白密码。
2.In facilitateddiffusion, moleculesmovethrough a membrane from an
area of greater concentration to an area of lesserconcentration,but they needsome help todo this.
在易化扩散中,大分子经一层膜从高浓度区域向低浓度区域移动,但分子要完成这一工作需要某些帮助。
3.The cell membrane is selectively permeable,that is,certain sub
stances are permitted to passthrough and others are not.
细胞膜的渗透性是有选择性的,即某些物质允许通过,而其它物质则不行。
4.Filtrationmeans that wateranddissolved materials are forced thro
ugh a membranefrom anarea of higher pressure to an area of lower pre ssure.
过滤是指水和已溶解物质经一层膜从高压区压送到低压区。
5. Active transport requiresthe energy of ATPto movemoleculesfrom an
area of lesserconcentrationtoan area of greater concentration.
主动转运需要ATP这种能使分子从低浓度区向高浓度区移动。
1.体内平衡取决于所有不同类型的细胞正常的发挥其功能。(depend upon)Homeostasis depends upon the normal functions of all ofthe different kinds of cells.
2.就人口和地域而言,这两个国家差异很大。(withrespect to)With respect to populationand geographicalarea, these twocountries vary greatly.
3.染色体由脱氧核糖核酸和蛋白构成,而脱氧核糖核酸又是细胞特征和活性的遗传密码。
(geneticcode)
Chromosomes are made of DNA andprotein, and the DNA isthegenetic co defor the characteristics andactivities of the cell.
4. 氧气从空气中扩散到血液以便在全身循环,而二氧化碳从血液散播到空气中以便排出体
外。(diffuse)
Oxygen diffuses fromthe air tothe blood to be circulated throughout the body,but carbondioxide diffuses from the blood to theairto beexhaled from thebody.
5.科学不断地提供新的发现,从而进一步支持了他的假设。(back up)
Science continued to throwup discoverieswhichfurtherbacked
up hishypothesis.
UNIT 2
1.At either end of the age spectrum,however, temperature regulation may not be as precise as it isin older childrenoryoungeradults. 然而,在年龄段两端的人群,其体温调节精确程度都不如青少年或青年人。
2. Thepathwaysofheat loss from thebody arethe skin,respiratorytract,and to a lesser extent,the urinary and digestive tracts.
人体散热途径是经皮肤、呼吸道,少量经尿道和消化道散热。
3.Changes in body temperature also haveaneffect on metabolicrate a nd heat production. Thisbecomes clinicallyimportantwhen a person hasafever,anabnormally high body temperature.
人体体温的变化也会影响代谢率和产热。当一个人发热、体温异常升高时,从临床上讲,体温变化就显得重要了。
4. Anabolism means synthesisor “formation”reactions,the bondingtogetherof smallermolecules to formlarger ones.
合成代谢是指综合或“形成”性反应,即把小的分子结合在一起形成更大的分子。
5.Catabolismmeans decomposition, the breaking of bonds oflarger mo lecules toform smallermolecules. Cell respirationisaseries o fcatabolicreactions that break down food molecules to carbondioxideandwater.
分解代谢是指分解,即将较大的分子链分解形成小分子。细胞呼吸过程就是一连串的分解代谢反应---将食物分子分解成二氧化碳和水。
1.新陈代谢是指发生在生物体内的化学过程,可分为合成代谢和分解代谢两大类。(met abolism)
Metabolism refers to the chemical reactions thattake place intheliving organisms. Itmay be dividedintotwo major categories: anabolism and catabolism.
2.正常人的体温为37度。随个体、年龄、活动量和每日早晚略有差异,但波动幅度不超过l℃。(fluctuation)
The normalbodytemperatureis37ºC,and varies by person, age,activity,and time of day,butthefluctuations areusually nomore than 1.0ºC.
3. 在正常情况下,人体通过体温调节系统使体温保持相对稳定。(constant)
Under normal conditions,human body is ableto maintain a relatively constantbody temperaturethroughthe system of temperature regulation.
4.与生活在热带地区的人相比,在寒冷气候下生活的人,新陈代谢率要高10-20%。(metabolic rate)
People who live in cold climates mayhave metabolic rates 10% to20%higherthan thosewholive in tropicalregions.
5.人体体温的调节主要是通过汗腺的分泌及皮肤血管的收缩与舒张。(excretion)
Humanbodytemperature is mainly regulated through the excretion o fsweatgland andvasodilation and constriction of blood vesselsin the