5.1系动词助动词情态动词

系动词、助动词、情态动词

一、情态动词

1.can(could):能够、可能、可以；may(might):可以、可能；must:必须； shall:将会；should:应该；will:将会，愿意；would:将会

2.半情态动词(后接动原，但否定和疑问句要借助do)：have to不得不，had better最好，used to过去常常

3.情态动词无三单(have to除外)；不能单独使用，后接动词原形共同构成谓语

4. need既可做实义动词又可做情态动词(作实义动词，后接to do/doing,否定don’t need to do do/doing;作情态动词，后接动词原形，否定needn’t do)

5.表推测：must be一定是（语气最肯定），can be可能是，may be也许是（语气最不肯定）；can’t be一定不是（语气最肯定,must be的否定形式）

6.maybe也许(副词,常用在句首)；may be也许是(谓语动词，用在句中)

7.must与need开头的一般疑问句，肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn’t/don’t have to(不必).

8.may开头的一般疑问句，肯定回答用may/can,否定回答用can’t/mustn’t.

二、系动词

1.系动词后可接形容词。

2.表示状态的系动词be(am, is, are, was, were,been),keep ,stay,表示感觉的半系动词feel (摸起来，感觉), look (看起来), smell (闻起来), sound (听起来),taste(尝起来）;

三、助动词

1.助动词本身无词义或意义不完整，必须和实义动词共同构成谓语。

2.常用的助动词：be(am, is, are, was, were,been,being)用于进行时态或被动语态；do(does,did)用于一般现在时或一般过去时的否定句和疑问句；have(has,had)用于完成时态；will,shall,would,should用于将来时态，shall/should只能用于第一人称。

情态动词与系动词练习题

一、基础题

1.-Where's Mr Lee? I have something unusual to tell him. -You________ find him. He________ Japan.

A. may not; has gone to

B. may not; has been to

C. can't; has gone to

D. can't; has been to

2.-Finish drawing a horse in ten minutes. OK?-Sorry. It________ in such a short time.

A. may do

B. can't be done

C. must do

D. needn't be done

3.I have my own room in my house, so I________do what I want in it.

A. must

B. have to

C. need to

D. can

4.________you mend my car? I______not start it.

A. Would; would

B. Must; must

C. Can; can

D. May; may

5.________she ride when she was three years old?

A. Can

B. Could

C. Need

D. May

6. The boy________answer this kind of hard questions one year ago.

A. can

B. may

C. could

7.Who is the man over there? Is it Mr Li?-No, it________be him. Mr Li is much taller.

A. mustn't

B. may not

C. can't

D. needn't

8. -Listen! Someone is singing in the next room. Who________it be? Is it Wei Fang?

-No. It________be her. She is at school now.

A. will; may not

B. must; mustn't

C. may; can't

D. may; won't

9. -Is Mr Hu in the reading room?-No, he________be there. He has gone to Tianjin.

A. mustn't

B. needn't

C. won't

D. can't

10. ________you pass me a pen? I'd like to write down the telephone number.

A. Need

B. Could

C. Must

D. Should

二、提高题

1.-May I go to the cinema, Mum?-Certainly. But you________be back by 11 o'clock.