高一英语威尼斯商人赏析
威尼斯商人最详细介绍和分析
威尼斯商人-莎士比亚文学作品《威尼斯商人》（英文：The Merchant of Venice）又名《威尼斯的犹太人》是莎士比亚的喜剧作品。
可能写于1596年至1598年，出版于1600年，首演于1598年。
而它也是最早在中国演出的莎剧(1913年)。
展开1内容梗概威尼斯商人安东尼奥是个宽厚为怀的富商，与另外一位犹太人夏洛克的高利贷政策恰恰相反。
安东尼奥的一位好朋友巴萨尼奥因要向贝尔蒙脱的一位继承了万贯家财的美丽女郎鲍西娅求婚，而向他告贷三千块金币，而安东尼奥身边已无余钱，只有向夏洛克以他那尚未回港的商船为抵押品，借三千块金币。
夏洛克因为安东尼奥借钱给人不要利息，影响高利贷行业，又侮辱过自己，所以仇恨安东尼奥，乘签订借款契约之机设下圈套，伺机报复。
夏洛克对安东尼奥往日与威尼斯商人自己作对耿耿于怀，于是利用此一机会要求他身上的一磅肉代替商船。
在一番口舌之后，安东尼奥答应了，与他定了合约。
巴萨尼奥欢天喜地到贝尔蒙脱去求亲了，在贝尔蒙脱，他的侍从葛莱西安诺喜欢上了鲍西娅的侍女尼莉莎，两对新人在一个意外事件来临时，匆匆同时结了婚。
原来，安东尼奥写了一封信来，信中说明了他的商船行踪不明，他立刻就要遭到夏洛克索取一磅肉的噩运，因这一磅肉可能会导致他的性命不保，所以，他希望见到巴萨尼奥的最后一面……听到这个消息，巴萨尼奥与葛莱西安诺赶紧奔回威尼斯，鲍西娅与尼莉莎也偷偷地化装成律师及书记，跟着去救安东尼奥。
在法庭上，鲍西娅聪明地答应夏洛克可以剥取安东尼奥的任何一磅肉，只是，如果流下一滴血的话(合约上只写了一磅肉，却没有答应给夏洛克任何一滴血)，就用他的性命及财产来补赎。
因此，安东尼奥获救，并且，庭上宣布以谋害威尼斯市民的罪名，没收其财产的二分之一，另外二分之一则给安东尼奥，而后者却把这笔意外的财产让给了夏洛克的女婿、自己的朋友——罗伦佐。
夏洛克见阴谋失败，也只好答应了，并遵依判决，改信基督教。
就这样，鲍西娅巧妙地挽救了安东尼奥的生命。
高一英语威尼斯商人赏析共20页PPT资料
主题思想
剧本第四幕第一场通过夏洛 克与安东尼奥的矛盾冲突，揭露了 封建资产阶级高利贷心狠手辣、贪 婪冷酷的阶级本质；同时颂扬了新 兴资产阶级的人与人之间的深情厚 意，轻利重义的道德思想。
原著插图
话剧剧照
课文结构
课文是剧本《威尼斯商人》第四幕 第一场(全剧共五幕)，是全剧的高 潮，可分为两大部分。
其他人物形象分析
鲍西娅：博学细心、精明能干、
足智多谋、落落大方
安东尼奥：慷慨助人、见义勇
为、重情重义，但面对尖锐的 斗争形式不能斗争、不会斗争， 表现其软弱、妥协的一面。
巴萨尼奥：见义勇为、重情重义， 但不懂得斗争策略，表现得较软 弱。
原著插图
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话剧剧照
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夏洛克
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夏洛克和女儿
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《威尼斯商人》故事梗概
《威尼斯商人》以较强的对社会 讽刺、批判的态度见称。威尼斯富商 安东尼奥为了成全好友巴萨尼奥的婚 事，向犹太人高利贷者夏洛克借债。 由于安东尼奥贷款给人从不要利息， 并帮夏洛克的女儿私奔，怀恨在心的 夏洛克乘机报复，佯装也不要利息， 但若逾期不还要从安东尼奥身上割下 一磅肉。
谢谢！
她从小到大虽说算不上拔尖的漂亮，但好在也算温婉清秀，居然都要沦落到要去相亲的份上了，要怪只怪爸妈让她从小要好好学习、 不许动任何旁的心思，以至于她到大学都不曾动过那样的念想，也只想着好好完成学业，将来能做上一份体面的工作，这可不都是爸 妈所期望的一切么！怎么才开始觉得自己的生活过得小资些了的时候父母居然又出新招，居然凄凄惨惨的表示“思思呀，你也不小了， 这都二十五岁的人了，怎么也没见你带个男朋友什么的回家来过呢？”
第一部分从开头至“尚蒙延约，必 然不辱使命。敬祈钧裁。”主要写 夏洛克。这部分以夏洛克出场为界 又可分两层。
高一英语威尼斯商人赏析
主题思想
剧本第四幕第一场通过夏洛 克与安东尼奥的矛盾冲突，揭露了 封建资产阶级高利贷心狠手辣、贪 婪冷酷的阶级本质；同时颂扬了新 兴资产阶级的人与人之间的深情厚 意，轻利重义的道德思想。
原著插图
话剧剧照
课文结构
课文是剧本《威尼斯商人》第四幕 第一场(全剧共五幕)，是全剧的高 潮，可分为两大部分。
《威尼斯商人》故事梗概
《威尼斯商人》以较强的对社会 讽刺、批判的态度见称。威尼斯富商 安东尼奥为了成全好友巴萨尼奥的婚 事，向犹太人高利贷者夏洛克借债。 由于安东尼奥贷款给人从不要利息， 并帮夏洛克的女儿私奔，怀恨在心的 夏洛克乘机报复，佯装也不要利息， 但若逾期不还要从安东尼奥身上割下 一磅肉。
第一部分从开头至“尚蒙延约，必 然不辱使命。敬祈钧裁。”主要写 夏洛克。这部分以夏洛克出场为界 又可分两层。
前一层通过公爵与安东尼奥的对话， 侧面显示了夏洛克的冷酷、凶残的态 度；后一层夏洛克登场，他坚持从还 债失期人安东尼奥身上割肉，众人劝 说、许愿、甚至谩骂，也不能使他改 变，从而突出他的阴险、贪婪本质， 这时冲突也愈趋激烈。
；废气处理 废气处理设备 有机废气处理:/
；
不能够完全等同于“从小事做起”。如果只从“小事”立意，通篇谈小事，文章就不可能成为优秀作文；如果谈“积累”“小与大的关系”“平凡与伟大”“珍惜与成功”等，文章就不能说是立意成功的文章。该话题最适合写成议。 4.命题作文：非走不可的弯路 阅读下面的文字，按要求作文。 在人生的路上，有一条路每个人非走不可，那就是年轻时候的弯路。不摔跟头，不碰壁，不碰个头破血流，怎能锻炼出钢筋铁骨，怎能长大呢？ 请以“非走不可的弯路”为题写一篇不少于800字的文章，自定立意，除诗歌外，文体不限。 写作导引： “非走不可的弯路”，从短语形式和内容来 看，充满了人
高一英语威尼斯商人赏析
不巧传来安东尼奥的商船失事的消息， 资金周转不灵，贷款无力偿还。夏洛 克去法庭控告，根据法律条文要安东 尼奥履行诺言。为救安东尼奥的性命， 巴萨尼奥的未婚妻鲍西娅假扮律师出 庭，她答允夏洛克的要求，但要求所 割的一磅肉必须正好是一磅肉，不能 多也不能少，更不准流血。夏洛克因 无法执行而败诉，害人不成反而失去 了财产。
《威尼斯商人》故事梗概
《威尼斯商人》以较强的对社会 讽刺、批判的态度见称。威尼斯富商 安东尼奥为了成全好友巴萨尼奥的婚 事，向犹太人高利贷者夏洛克借债。 由于安东尼奥贷款给人从不要利息， 并帮夏洛克的女儿私奔，怀恨在心的 夏洛克乘机报复，佯装也不要利息， 但若逾期不还要从安东尼奥身上割下 一磅肉。
《威尼斯商人（节选）》
莎士比亚
莎士比亚像
莎士比亚（1564～1616） 于1564年出生在英 国的斯特拉 福城，文艺复兴时期英国最伟大 的剧作家和卓越的人文主义思想 的代表。他 当过肉店学徒，也曾
在乡村学校教过书，还干过其他 职业，这使他增长了许多社 会阅 历。
他一生写了37个剧本，两首长诗和 154首十四行诗。主要成就在戏剧方面， 代表作有历史剧《亨利四世》《亨利 五世》，喜剧《威尼斯商人》《仲夏 夜之梦》《第十二夜》，悲剧《李尔 王》《哈姆雷特》《奥赛罗》《罗密 欧与朱丽叶》等。他的剧作反映了当 时的社会现实，表达了人文主义的社 会政治思想。
主题思想
剧本第四幕第一场通过夏洛 克与安东尼奥的矛盾冲突，揭露了 封建资产阶级高利贷心狠手辣、贪 婪冷酷的阶级本质；同时颂扬了新 兴资产阶级的人与人之间的深情厚 意，轻利重义的道德思想。
原著插图
话剧剧照
课文结构
课文是剧本《威尼斯商人》第四幕 第一场(全剧共五幕)，是全剧的高 潮，可分为两大部分。
威尼斯商人 性格分析 中英文对照
Characters analysisShylock — A Jewish moneylender in Venice. Angered by his mistreatment at the hands of Venice’s Christians, particularly Antonio, Shylock schemes to take his revenge by ruthlessly demanding as payment a pou nd of Antonio’s flesh。
Although seen by the rest of the play’s characters as an inhuman monster，Shylock at times diverges from stereotype and reveals himself to be quite human。
These contradictions，and his eloquent expressions of hatred, have earned Shylock a place as one of Shakespeare’s most memorable characters。
夏洛克 - 威尼斯犹太放债人。
对他的虐待在威尼斯的基督徒,尤其是安东尼奥的手，夏洛克的方案来报仇被无情地要求支付安东尼奥的一磅肉。
虽然在剧中的人物都视为非人的怪物，夏洛克有时偏离的刻板印象，认为他自己是很有人情味.这些矛盾，和他的雄辩的表达仇恨，已经赢得了作为莎士比亚的一个最令人难忘的角色夏洛克的地方。
ShylockAlthough critics tend to agree that Shylock is The Merchant of Venice’smost noteworthy figure，no consensus has been reached on whether toread him as a bloodthirsty bogeyman，a clownish Jewish stereotype，ora tragic figure whose sense of decency has been fractured by thepersecution he endures. Certainly, Shylock is the play’s antagonist, and heis menacing enough to seriously imperil the happiness of Venice’sbusinessmen and young lovers alike。
威尼斯商人的英语赏析作文
威尼斯商人的英语赏析作文Shakespeare's "The Merchant of Venice" is a play that has captivated audiences for centuries with its complex exploration of themes such as love, justice, mercy, and prejudice. The following essay delves into the linguistic artistry and thematic depth of this renowned work.Language and StyleShakespeare's use of language in "The Merchant of Venice" is nothing short of masterful. The play is renowned for its poetic dialogue, which is rich in imagery and metaphor. For instance, the famous line "All that glisters is not gold" from the casket scene is a testament to Shakespeare's ability to convey profound truths through simple yet elegant phrases.The character of Shylock, the Venetian moneylender, is brought to life through his distinctive use of language. Shylock's speeches are often peppered with legal jargon and biblical references, which serve to highlight his isolation within the Venetian society and his adherence to his Jewish faith.Character AnalysisPortia, the wealthy heiress of Belmont, is a character who stands out for her wit and intelligence. Her disguise as the legal advisor Balthazar in Act IV is a stroke of genius thatallows her to save Antonio, the merchant, from the bond of a pound of flesh that he has foolishly pledged to Shylock. Portia's speeches are a blend of legal acumen and moral philosophy, showcasing her as a character of great depth and complexity.Antonio, the titular merchant, is a more enigmatic figure. His melancholy and the reasons behind it are only hinted at throughout the play, which adds to the mystery surrounding his character. His relationship with Bassanio, the gentleman who borrows money from Antonio to woo Portia, is one of the central dynamics of the play and is often interpreted as a deep, if platonic, love.Themes"The Merchant of Venice" is a play that delves into the complexities of justice and mercy. The trial scene, where Shylock is outwitted by Portia, is a pivotal moment that raises questions about the nature of fairness and the law. Shylock's demand for his bond, a pound of Antonio's flesh, is a gruesome reminder of the inhumanity that can be masked by legal contracts.Love, in its various forms, is another central theme. The romantic love between Bassanio and Portia is juxtaposed with the friendship between Antonio and Bassanio, and the play explores the sacrifices and rewards of both. The concept of mercy is also explored, particularly in Portia's famous speech where she implores, "The quality of mercy is not strained."Conclusion"The Merchant of Venice" is a rich tapestry of language, character, and theme. It offers a nuanced perspective on the human condition, challenging the reader to consider the complexities of justice, mercy, and the nature of love. Shakespeare's play remains a cornerstone of English literature, continuing to provoke thought and inspire discussion centuries after its first performance.。
威尼斯商人影评(英文版) PPT
评论
critic
MOVIE
The film is wonderful to look at, saturated in Renaissance colors and shadows, filmed in Venice, which is the only location that is also a set. It has greatness in moments, and is denied greatness overall only because it is such a peculiar construction; watching it is like channel-surfing between a teen romance and a dark abysmal of loss and grief. Shylock and Antonio, if they were not made strangers by hatred, would make good companions for long, sad conversations punctuated by wounded silences.
其实这更应该是一部轻度的讽刺喜剧真理并不站在法庭的胜诉方安东尼奥巴萨尼奥鲍西亚也不站在败诉方夏洛克他们只是那个社会环境下的浮生众相他们都只不过是被莎翁塑造出来的真实可信的有血有肉人都有人性各种复杂的因素各有各的爱恨善恶牺牲与仗义懦弱与私心压迫与被压迫过当反抗与镇压反抗防卫与过当防卫可怜之处与可悲之处
评论
critic
MOVIE
夏洛克——一个民族的缩影 我从不知道在这之前对《威尼斯商人》的评论，我觉得在夏洛克身 上清晰地反映出整个犹太民族的性格特点：孤傲，排他，机警，理 性又充满智慧。 在很长一段时间里，夏洛克被作为一个反面人物， 一直是贪婪、奸诈的象征，然而安东尼奥等人无休止的种族歧视难 道就是正面做派吗？《威尼斯商人》其实反映的是欧洲许多国家中 不同宗教、不同身份的两累人的矛盾象征，无论莎士比亚本意是否 如此。而在这冲突矛盾中，我们却更加看清了这个没有国家的民族 的缩影。夏洛克就是这个被迫害的民族的化身。 犹太教和基督教的 冲突是一场绵延至今的战争。宗教与信仰之间的互相敌对又造就了 多少个夏洛克！民族没有优劣之分，没有高下之别，区分人类的等 次，就像区分猩猩和猴子谁更出色。动物没有歧视的能力，但人类 有，不知这是悲哀还是幸运。
高三英语第十一单元TheMerchantofVenice（威尼斯商人）
高三英语第十一单元TheMerchantofVenice（威尼斯商人）科目英语年级高三文件high3 unit11.doc标题 The Merchant of Venice (威尼斯商人)章节第十一单元关键词高三英语第十一单元内容一、教法建议【抛砖引玉】★ 单元背景知识简介本单元课文 The Merchant of Venice 是根据英国作家威廉莎士比亚（William Shakespeare）的同名作品改编而成。
《威尼斯商人》写商人安东尼奥为了帮助朋友巴萨尼奥成婚，向高利贷者夏洛克转借现金。
夏洛克出于嫉妒，以到期不还可以割安东尼奥身上一磅肉为条件把钱借给了他。
安东尼奥因破产到期无法偿还借款，夏洛克坚持照约处罚，巴萨尼奥未婚妻鲍西娅乔装打扮成律师出庭，终于击败夏洛克。
《威尼斯商人》是莎士比亚早期的重要作品，大约写于1596 - 1597 。
安东尼奥是本剧中的肯定形象，他高尚正直、坦白直率，热心为善、多情尚义、心肠仁慈、重视友谊。
当夏洛克坚持要从他身上割下一磅肉时，他虽然为朋友遭杀身之祸，却毫无怨言，仍以朋友的幸福为重。
鲍西亚是莎士比亚理想中的资产阶级新女性，是作者竭力称颂的人物。
她渴望个人幸福，追求以爱情为基础的婚姻；她选择丈夫的条件不是门第和财富，而是个人的人品相貌和才能。
她她通情练达，有胆有略，淳朴贤淑，而又乐观俏皮。
在法庭上，面对强手，她胸有成竹，气概非凡，有条不紊，欲擒故纵。
夏洛克是一个拜金注意者，对金钱贪得无厌，冷酷无情，吝啬卑鄙。
莎士比亚是欧洲文艺复兴时期英国杰出的戏剧家和诗人，也是世界文学史上最杰出的作家之一。
他的作品是人类文化史上的珍品。
他的作品Hamlet 《哈姆雷特》，Romeo and Juliet 《罗密欧与朱丽叶》等反映了当时社会的现实，表达了人文主义的社会政治思想。
★ 大纲规定的单元日常核心交际用语指南Good Wishes , Congratulations and Responses(祝愿、祝贺和应答)★ 跨国语言必知西方人喜欢收到礼物时当场打开并大加赞赏说：Wonderful ！/ Beautiful ！/ Marvelous ！/ What a nice present / How nice a gift ！当别人祝贺你成功时，一定要用Thank you 。
《威尼斯商人》中的人物形象分析
《威尼斯商人》中的人物形象分析Abstract As we known that the merchant of Venice is one of Shakespeare’s most important works. It is a comedy. The theme of this play is to extol kindheartedness, friendship and love. And also it reflects the conflicts between the capitalists and usurers at the beginning of the capitalist society. And it expresses the author’s humanist idea on money, law and religion in capitalist society. This thesis analyzes the main figures in the play by using independent and contrast ways. It shows the heavily flavor of humanism at the beginning of capitalist society; and expresses some thoughts for society and human being. The thesis also makes a hard criticism to Shylock, who is a representative of feudalism, and puts a heavy humanism on Portia. It displays the thoughts of feudalism personality liberation, and stressing the great breakthrough of woman’s status and feminine consciousness in Elizabethan era. Key Words Character analyzing; humanism; personality liberation; women consciousness 摘要众所周知，《威尼斯商人》是莎士比亚著名喜剧之一。
英国著名文学家莎士比亚代表作之一《威尼斯商人》戏剧介绍赏析读书心得交流分享PPT模板 收藏
了一个奇妙的宏观世界。
The Merchant of Venice
莎 士 比 亚 经 典 戏 剧
感 谢 您 观 看
• 一只小小的蜡烛，它的光照耀得多么远!一件善事也正 像这支蜡烛一样，在这罪恶的世界上发出广大的光辉。
戏剧简介
01 威尼斯商人安东尼奥是个宽厚为怀的富商， 与另外一位犹太人夏洛克的高利贷政策恰恰 相反。巴萨尼奥因要向鲍西娅求婚，而向他 告贷三千块金币，而安东尼奥身边已无余钱， 只有向夏洛克借三千块金币。
03 萨尼奥去求亲了，他的侍从葛莱西安诺喜欢 上了鲍西娅的侍女尼莉莎，两对新人匆匆同 时结了婚。原来，安东尼奥写了一封说明了 他的商船行踪不明，他立刻就要遭到的噩运， 所以，他希望见到巴萨尼奥的最后一面……
戏剧简介
因此，安东尼奥获救，并且，庭上宣布以谋害威尼斯市 民的罪名，没收其财产的二分之一，另外二分之一则给 安东尼奥，而后者却把这笔意外的财产让给了夏洛克的 女婿罗伦佐。夏洛克见阴谋失败，也只好答应了，并遵 依判决，改信基督教。就这样，鲍西娅巧妙地挽救了安 东尼奥的生命。 同时，鲍西娅及尼丽莎戏弄了他们的丈夫。她们要求用戒指作为替安东尼奥辩护的报酬，然后回到了家中。等她 们的丈夫回来时，她们责备他们忽视了结婚戒指的意义，并咬定了一定是他们把它们送给了别的女人。一连发窘 的解释后，终于真相大白。每个人都有一个满意的结局，除了那个想害人反害己的夏洛克。
文学鉴赏
作品影响
《威尼斯商人》是莎早期喜剧创作向悲剧创作过渡的重要作品。
1
这部作品既有喜剧的欢乐色彩和气氛，又有悲剧的深刻思想和 内容，是悲喜剧的统一体。
在剧中，作者塑造了众多栩栩如生的人物形象，构造了奇特
而又不同凡响的艺术结构，形象地再现了当时封建社会与资
威尼斯商人物分析
An Analysis of the Characters in the Merchant of VeniceAbstract：As we known that the merchant of Venice is one of Shakespeare‟s most importantworks. It is a comedy. The theme of this play is to extol kindheartedness, friendship and love. And also it reflects the conflicts between the capitalists and usurers at the beginning of the capitalist society. And it expresses the author‟s humanist idea on money, law and religion in capitalist society. This thesis analyzes the main figures in the play by using independent and contrast ways. It shows the heavily flavor of humanism at the beginning of capitalist society; and expresses some thoughts for society and human being. The thesis also makes a hard criticism to Shylock, who is a representative of feudalism, and puts a heavy humanism on Portia. It displays the thoughts of feudalism personality liberation, and stressing the great breakthrough of woman‟s status and feminine consciousness in Elizabethan era.Key WordsCharacter analyzing; humanism; personality liberation; women consciousnessIntroduction:The Merchant of Venice is one of the Shakespeare‟s famous comedies in his early time. It‟s theme is to extol kindness, friendship and love. It is the mirror of the contradiction between business bourgeois and usurer at the beginning of the Capitalist society. It‟s also expressed the author‟s humanism ideas on money, law and religion in this society. There, we mention Humanism--the main distinguishing feature of that period, also the brightness characteristic which is shown from the important role in this play.In this thesis, the author introduces the background of the play firstly. Reading the play, we can know that the social background in the play is according with the real society. We know at that time, the society was under the leadership of Elizabeth who was the symbol of power in England. Next the thesis gives an introduction of the main figures in the play. Antonio is rich and kindhearted. From him we can see the spirit of humanism. Portia plays the most important part in the play. The thesis talks about her character, her hobbies, and herattitude of love and the inner meaning-humanism of this figure. She is the center of all these figures the play refers to. Humanism is an ideological weapon for capitalism to fight the feudalism combat, and also it is the core idea of capitalism advanced-literature in Renaissance, and its combat refers to the ideal of Feudalism in Middle Age, especially the religion belief of Catholics. After that, the thesis gives more details about the information mentioned above. Then the thesis compares the figures to give a highlight of the humanism spirit.Ⅰ. Social Background of the Play the Merchant of VeniceAs is known, England is a developed country. Today, it also obtains very important status in the world. It is very necessary to talk about the history of the growth of capitalism in England, especially in 16th century.A. The Social Information in Elizabeth ThroneHenry VIII died in 1547 and his nine-year-old son succeeded him. The son was known in history, Edward Ⅵ. The boy-king‟s reign was a time of extreme Protestantism, for the Regency Coun cil for him consisted almost entirely of the protestant faction. Edward Ⅵdied in 1553. only 15years old. Then his half-sister, Mary, a Catholic, became Queen. The new Queen came to the throne at the age of twenty-five. After the coronation, her parliament passed the necessary legislation to abolish the papal supremacy over the church, and gave Elizabeth all the powers over the church which her father had held, though with the more modest title of “Supreme Government” of the Church of England instead of “Supreme Head” Elizabeth died on 24 March, 1603 at the age of sixty-nine. Her forty-four-year reign had not only ensured the triumph of Protestantism in Britain and in Northern Europe, but had greatly increased the wealth, power and prestige of England. Her navy triumphed over the great Armada of the king of Spain; her sailors‟ circum navigated the world, and established a colony on the North American continent which they named Virginia after their virgin queen. At home, the merchants were prosperous; the common people enjoyed a higher standard of living than in most other European countries, and her reign was also full of achievements in literature and other arts. After all, Elizabeth Ⅰwas one of the most successful despots to govern England in English history. ①(李超, 邓兴义:34-37)B. Special Social Background Reflecting in the Merchant of VeniceThe Merchant of Venice is one of the famous comedy plays written by Shakespeare in his early time. The theme of this play is to extol kindness, friendship and love. It is the mirror of the contradiction between business bourgeois and usurer at the beginning of cap-italist society. It‟s also expressed the author‟s humanism ideas on money, law and religion in this society. There, we mention Humanism--the main distinguishing feature of that period, also the brightness characteristic which is shown from the important roles in this play. But, what is “humanism”? Humanism is the ideological weapon of bourg eois to fight feudalism at Renaissance, is also the core idea of the bourgeois‟ advanced-literature in this time. Be directed against the world outlook of Medieval feudalism is the spearhead of struggle, especially the religion belief of Catholicism. Church refers to God as the centre of cosmos. At the heart of the Renaissance philosophy is the assertion of the greatness of man. And the elements of Humanism are to establish the central status of human, their dignity and value, to advocate the spirit of rationalism and science and to protest the supreme role of God admired in Middle Ages.Shakespeare was a man of the late Renaissance who gave the fullest expression to humanist ideas. The Merchant of Venice is one of the important works which finished in the First Flowering period of English Literature. In this play, heroes and heroines fight for their own ideas and mould their own life according to their own free will and bring us into happy and ideal world with singing, dancing, harmony with nature and freedom from the vices of the world.Ⅱ. Analyzing the Heroes in the PlayIn this play, Shakespeare portrays many roles. The proportion that male figures taking is much more notable than female‟s. So, it…s necessary to narrate and display their nature character and symbol.A. AntonioAlthough the play‟s title refers to him, Antonio is a rather lackluster character. He emerges in ActⅠ, sceneⅠas a hopeless depressive, someone who cannot name the source of his melancholy and who, throughout the course of the play, devolves into a self-pitying lump, unable to muster the energy required to defend himself against execution. Antonio never names the cause of his melancholy, but the evidence seemsto point to his being in love, and the most likely object of his affection is Bassanio.Antonio has risked the entirety of his fortune on oversea trading ventures, yet he agrees to guarantee the potentially lethal loan Bassanio secures from Shylock. He is willing to offer up a pound of flesh, signifying a u nion that grotesquely alludes to the rite of marriage, where two partners become “one flesh”. Further evidence of the nature of Antonio‟s feelings for Bassanio appears later in the play, when Antonio‟s proclamations resonate with the hyperbole and self-sat isfaction of a doomed lover‟s declaration: “pray God Bassanio come/ To see me pay his debt, and then I care not”②(Act Ⅲ, Scene III, 35-36) without a mate, he is indeed the “tainted wether”—or castrated ram—of the flock, and he will likely return to his favorite pastime of moping about the streets of Venice②(Act Ⅳ, Scene I, 113). After all, he has effectively disabled himself from pursuing hid hobby—abusing Shylock—by insisting that the Jew convert to Christianity. Although a 16th century audience might have seen this demand as merciful, as Shylock is saving himself from eternal damnation by converting, we are less likely to be convinced. Not only does Antonio‟s reputation as ananti-Semite precede him, but the only instance in the play when he breaks out of his doldrums in his “storm” against Shylock②(ActⅠ, Scene III, 132). In this play, Antonio proves his character is melancholy, cruelty and some seldom saying—homosexual.B. BassanioIt is said Middle Ages is the most deathly stillness period in Europe. It also can be seemed it‟s the time that w est Europe‟s culture and literature go to grave. As to the pillar of spirit, there is nothing except a total series of religious doctrine. In this environment, people used compliment and boast words to exchange their minds and thoughts. In that society, everyone remain under artificial mask wandered in different kinds of occasion. An absolutely undisguised money relationship makes the true human nature into ash during the masks scraped each other. Bassanio, a noble who is neatly dressed, whose speech and deportment is natural and graceful, gradually becomes a declining aristocrat by spending without restraint. He is a handsome and intelligent young man. But living in such a society, what his every day‟s schedule is to squander money on different meeting and use blandishment speech to talk with other aristocrat. His propertyis limitation. Once he runs behind his expenses, he will ask his best friend—the wealth merchant in Venice—Antonio for money. From the context, it seems he never returned what he borrowed. To be such a man who wants of lofty aspiration. Maybe the best method frees himself from poverty is to get a profitable marriage. And we mostly can make sure; to obtain money is more important than to marry Portia. This can be improved in later—he gives h is bride‟s ring to the clerk. Although his lover has declared that if he loses her ring, she will never pardon him.C. ShylockShylock in this play is the antagonist. He is the model of usurer. Most people read him as a bogeyman, a clownish Jewish stereotype. He is selfish, curtly, avaricious and niggard. Once he has the chance to revenge his foe. He will try his best to make the other into deathtrap. In the court, he is clam and wisdom, even fights for several Christian‟s joint attack. But most of his speech is coarse, and sometimes “mean”. All of this makes people take unkindly to him. But with the several aspects sagacious with Antonio, it makes him be amult-personality figure. Being a pagan who lives in Christian society he has strong emotion on racial constriction and the enthusiasm of raising Jewish people‟s status. Living in this society, he suffers too much public humiliation.His frequently mentions of the cruelty he has endured at Christian hands make it hard for us to label him a natural born monster. Shylock argues that Jews are humans and calls his quest for vengeance the product of lessons taught to him by the cruelty of Venice citizens. In such condition, his “malicious” is much more reasonable.Besides the facial of Shylock‟s malignance, a ctually, he is a person whose sense of decency has been fractured by the persecution he endures. Comparatively, those kindness and wisdom Christian, in fact, have another hideous feature. So, in my mind, Shylock is a man who is worth sympathizing. III. Analyzing the Central Character in the Novel--PortiaThe girl embodies the virtues that are typical for Shakespeare‟s heroines--it has no surprise that she emerges as the antidote to Shylock‟s malice. She is the pretty-witted aristocrat young girl. She is enthusiasm and graceful; resourceful and humorous; wealthy and beautiful. She is the perfect female who glitters the humanism ideal in her life. This is Portia.A. The Essential Nature of PortiaAt the beginning of the play, however, we do not see Portia‟s potential for initiative and resourcefulness, as she is a near prisoner, feeling herself absolutely bound to follow her father‟s dyingwish-es. This open appearance, however, proves to be a revealing introduction to Portia, who emerges as that rarest of combinations--a free spirit who abides rigidly by rules. When Bassanio asks Belmont to choose his chest, she proves herself to be highly resourceful, begging the man she loves to stay a while before picking a chest, and finding loophole in the will‟s provision that we never thought possibl-e. Also, in her defeat of Shylock, she prevails by applying a more rigid standard than Shylock, agreeing that he can get a pound of flesh, but adding that it does not to allow for any loss of blood. An-ybody can b reak the rules, but Portia‟s effectiveness comes from her ability to make the law work for her. After depriving Bassanio of his ring, she stops the prank before it goes far, and she even insinuates that she has been unfaithful. These entire can proves Port ia‟s wit, resource, and humorB. The Humanism Spirit Shown by PortiaPortia is the main character in this play. She embodies the virtues that are typical for Shakespeare‟s heroines. Being a wealth young girl, she is beautiful, gentle and tender, and full of stratagems. She lives in Belmont--a peaceful world, and recruits the newest ideological trends. So, her mind is equipped by humanism. She is a cute girl, even her father‟s behest; she would like to abide by. Humanism has several contents. One of them is the Rationalism object to Obscurantism. It advocates treasuring people intelligent. And it is said the most reason of people is dignity depending on the power of rational. Rational is human‟s nature, science is the source of joyful. So, when Bassanio arrives, Portia use her resourceful mind to call his attention to pick the correct chest.This is the evidence that Portia never resigns herself to her fate. In order to peruse her own happiness and love, she makes use of her wisdom obeyed her fathe r‟s will as well as marry with the Mr. Right. This is one aspect. The other one is that when she argued with Shylock to act defense as a means of attack on the court, and consolidate at every step. Shylock thought he encountered bosom friend at beginning. And later,suddenly he realized he has lost his preponderance. Portia‟s brilliance talent and Shylock‟s weakened defense, both make people cannot help laughing. Considered her attitude towards love and the performance she acts on court. There is no doubt that she is a remarkable humanist.C. Portia--a Self-conscious FemalePortia is a beautiful, dignity and wealth girl. And the most important thing is she obtains strongly female self-consciousness. She knows what is she needs, and try her best to pursue. She has an insight into the world which she exists—the code of ethics, the value…, she knows what‟s the role she plays. So, she can vacillate freely in the male society, gets her goal and not to go against the rules. In this play, it seems she just does two things: help her to choose a husband; help her husband to rescue Antonio. Both of them have fully demonstrated her intelligence, and reveal her anti-tradition figure. It‟s the time when she chooses her husband to show her ability to suit male society. Portia not only has the female self-consciousness, but also understands thoroughly what is the status and role woman obtains in male society. She knows the method which keeps away from conflicts. To her husband, she is an angle: sheepish, tender and obedient. When Bassanio chooses the correct casket, she immediately says she is an “unwise, lack-education girl”. Is she really so humble? No. Portia knows very clearly that man dislikes woman is more sensible and prior than men themselves. So she makes her modest on purpose.D. An Explanation on Portia Masquerading as ManThe period when the Merchant of Venice was created was called Shakespeare‟s comedy period. During this period Shakespeare shaped humanities and the arts. British Queen Elizabeth I is in the heyday of the rule, monarchy solid and economic prosperity. Shakespeare in the social reality of the ideals of humanism will be achieved confidence, optimism works filled with forthright and bright colors. There is an idiom said “British is the paradise fo r woman, and the hell for steed” , which means British female enjoy more free than male, and usually male should adhere to their wife. And the fact related to this is woman benefited more education, especially humanism. Most of Shakespeare‟s heroines have been considered the model of Queen Elizabeth.③In the Merchant of Venice, Portia is a miss in a noblefamily. She is bored with spoon. Her nature is lovely, smart, and witty and evens some naughty. Her homeland is splendid and luxurious. Having some propriety status, Portia worries about nothing, and even late when she chooses her husband, she doesn‟t think it‟s necessary to choose someone who have the equal socioeconomic status. This is one reason why Portia would show her heart to Bassanio--a declining noble. Absorbing the latest ideology, her ideological level has been improved very high. She is intelligent and resourceful. When she has known her husband‟s best friend have been accused. In her mind, a good idea has been emerged prior to go to court and fight against Shylock. But there is the key problem--why does Portia masquerade as man? Wouldn‟t she go to the court with her own dress? Why should she disguise herself as a black-robed judge? These are the complicated questions in the context. In my opinion, there are three reasons to explain this phenomenon.It is the fact that woman‟s status has been improved a lot, especially at Elizabeth‟s realm. There is another important factor about Shakespeare‟s comedy is “heroes in dress” as one says: “British are the paradise for woman and the hell for st eed”. In Shakespeare‟s comedy, female not only is the protagonist, but also holds the thread of details, and very erudite. Portia dresses in black robe, the first function is to pile comedy effect on, and throws the comedy atmosphere into sharp relief. The second function is the following: because humanism consists that the world they inhabit is not to despise but to question, explore, and enjoy. Thus, by emphasizing the dignity of human beings and the importance of the present life, they voice their beliefs that man does not only have the right to enjoy the beauty of this life, but has the ability to perfect himself and to perform wonders. And advocate that woman should be treated equal to man. Human is bored equal.④Shakespeare creates Portia, and gives her the endowment to dress up as man. And by using her unruly female speech, the function is to emphasize woman should be treated equally to man. Even sometimes woman is much more excellent than man. Maybe this is the Shakespeare‟s (as a humanist) expectatio n. The last but not the least function is: although woman‟s status has been promoted, and the humanism ideological wave is sticking strongly out at the feudalism. Males and females treated differently have deep roots in everybody‟s mind, including females themselves. Portia is clever enough. But she still is a people in the world. She also must obey the rules of convention. Some critics say:“When Elizabeth Ⅰ, ruled the realm, the majority of woman found their access to the public sphere decreasing, as the economic roles they played in the late medieval period contracted. Recurrent inflation,land shortages and poverty combined to create a …crisis of order‟, though it developed new, and in some cases quite subtle, tactics for enforcing the subordination of woman. Although the protestant belief in the spiritual equality of men and women according some women greater spiritual dignity and power, and fostered as well a more …companionate‟ and affectionate mode of marriage, these gains did not translate into econom ic, political, or social equality”⑤( Susan Amussen, 1988 and Merry E.Weisner, 1993)At the back of Portia‟s immortality, the play shows us the woman‟s bitter which they have beard so long. As an excellent girl, she can‟t enter court naturally, instead she masquerades as man. To establish the central status of human, their dignity and value; to advocate the love and equality; and of these are just to work for the expectation and demand of man, there is no business of woman. Above all, there is the plot that Portia masquerades as man in the play.IV. A Comparative Study of Characteristic DifferencesAs we know, this comedy is very light and joyful. Also its theme is very clean. But many criticisms have analyzed the figures in different angles. So it‟s inev itable to make a comparison among the roles.A. Portia and JessicaBoth of them are the important roles in this play. And both have a wealth father. The basic difference is Portia living in Belmont, a peaceful, quiet place. And Jessica lives in Venice, which is a city full of pedal, bourgeoisie and smell of money. As we say…circumstance creates human‟ Portia is witty, brave, and humorous, and there is always a clever maid for company. They enjoy themselves and live a very happy life. By contrast, Jessica, a lonely girl, because of her father‟s niggard and heartless, she has no friend. What she does everyday is just stay at home where is a place called …gloomy jail‟. She can‟t go out to have a play; even can‟t open the window to have a breath. Her father always worry someone will steal their money and jewels. Shylock is the awful father to her. She never dears to say no to her father. So, when she encounters her love---a Christian young man, Lorenzo. She has nothing to do just packs some money and elopes with him:Jessica: Alack, what heinous sin is it in meTo be ashamed to be my father‟s child!But though I am a daughter to his blood.I am not to his manners. Oh, Lorenzo,If thou keep promise, I will end this strife,Become a Christian and thy loving wife!②( Act II ,Scene III, P64, 15-22)Here, we can say, the two girls have courage to pursue their own happiness. But Portia‟s happiness is hinge on her wit. Although she is bound to her dead father‟s will. She still helps Bassanio to choose the correct ch est with her wit. To audience, it‟s more gratification to be accepted. And it‟s a pity for Jessica to choose the elopement for their love.B. Portia and ShylockPortia is a humanist and she is the embodiment of kind, clever, and bravery. She is the person who is leading the trend of society, also we call her “trend—setter”. By contrast, Shylock stands for usurer who is ignorant and backward. Absolutely, they are run in the opposite direction. This is the knot that they will conflict directly. The wonderful performance of their conflicts is shown on Scene Ⅳ—the struggle on court. The way that Portia crosses sword with Shylock is similar to Duke with he. Both persuade him first. The little difference is Duke has no alternative and Portia has a well-thought-out plan. She wins the case with her wit. We can‟t hold ourselves to think Shylock is defeated by a girl who is as old as his daughter. At that time, he has just lost his daughter. What a pity it is! And at last, Shylock loses all he has—wealth, daughter and religion. At that moment, Shylock‟s misfortunes tend to make him a more sympathetic figure than a comic one. “When you lost something, another one is retuning to you.” Maybe that is the true mighty of Shakespeare.C. Antonio and BassanioOne is the rich merchant of Venice. He is the representative figure of growing bourgeois. He is ostentatious and is generous in aiding needy people. He always lends his money to other without interest. So he obtains much good praise. The other one is a profligate son of the rich. He is the embodiment of powerful noble. Except Usurer and Feudalism, they are the dazzling figure in commercialized society. One obtains numerous money; the other has admirable class status. They are the bosom friend in reality. “Money” and “power” work quite well between their friendships. They are Antonio and Bassanio. We nearly can awaken there are some intimate relationship from their name. No matter if it‟s the planned on purpose by author. Both they are very young and handsome. They always have some special smell scatteredfrom their body that you can strike in their every breath. Is it purity kindness or bewitching eye light? Their friendship has been established firmly. Antonio helps Bassanio over his economic collapse. In turn, Bassanio usually listen to Antonio‟s innermost feeling and the hitch on business. Before Portia goes up to the stage, they just like a pairs of “sweet lover”. But they aren‟t lover, and not a combined community. Antonio is a merchant and he has worried so many affairs about his business. Maybe the only entertainment item is to scold every unmoral action acted by Shylock and to excoriate his curtness, selfishness, stinginess and berate. What these all would happen like that, the reason just because Shylock is Jew. They are the conflicts of two opposite ideas, identification, convention and religions.Bassanio although is a noble, actually he is a declining aristocrat. He has squandered his money at different meeting, gathering and on woman. Not to speak so tactful, he is a playboy who never plans to get a job or doing some business. Instead, he would like to life his head from a profitable marriage. When he borrows money from Antonio as chip to pursuing Portia. Antonio says:I pray you, good Bassanio, let me know it;And if it stand, as you yourself still do,Within the eye of honour, be assuredMy purse, my person, my extremest means,Lie all unlockt to your occasion②(ActⅠsceneⅠ,P12,135-140)And when his boats wreck on sea, he has had to obey the contract, and he says:Sweet Bassanio, my ships have all miscarried, my creditors grow crule, my estate is very low, my bond to the Jew is forfeit; and since in paying it, it is impossible I should live, all debates are cleared between you and I. if I might but see you at my death. Notwithstanding, use your pleasure; if your love do not persuade you to come, let not my letter. ②(Act ⅢScene ⅡP132,315-321)From these words, we can confirm Antonio is the best friend of Bassanio. He always helps other not to ask for reward, even sacrifice his life. When Bassanio hears the news that Antonio will lose his life for him. He returns immediately and gives his lover‟s ring back to the clerk to show his thanks. Their friendship has been proved so perfect. ConclusionThe period that Shakespeare created the Merchant of Venice was the reign of Elizabeth Ⅰ. What was the name of tha t period called “the First Flowering Period of English Literature” and the greatest change began with drama. Shakespeare was the representative at that time. In his romantic comedies, Shakespeare takes an optimistic attitude toward love and youth. The Merchant of Venice, in which he has created tension, ambiguity, a self-consciousness and self-delighting artifice that, is at once intellectually exciting and emotionally engaging. There are two comic characters exists in the Merchant of Venice. The first one is comedy united with mock. As we see, what the center place this story happened is a city full of the smell of commercialize and capitalism. Different race, identification, religion, law and some ideas about fair and unfair are all showed out. In this play, Jew Shylock performs great greed for money. When he is resulted and treated unfair, he is brewing a strongly dissatisfaction to revenge the Christian and graceful gentleman and appealing for equal treatment. In fact, Shylock‟s characteristic has many as pects. He is a usurer. He is avaricious and stingy. But he also has the pity point: being lost daughter; being humiliated by Antonio; being treated unfair in Christian society, and his endless miss for his wife. All of his role action has surpassed the friendship between Antonio and Bassanio, and the propagation of Christian by Portia. So in the thesis, the author argues Shylock not only as a curt, greedy and sly person, but also as a sympathetic figure.The second distinguishing feature is comedy united with the ideal of humanism. One critic says that Shakespeare‟s comedies and romances tend to focus on daughters whose age and rank make them desirable spouses for men seeking to improve their social standing. There is no exception of Shakespeare‟s comed ies takes love as the theme. And the most used expression to describe the lover‟s relationship in debate. They match with intelligent, minds and sentiments. Woman always emerges the victor. They are not only chaste, beautiful, young and more sensible, cuter and wiser than the one whom they adore. And their ability to adapt themselves to changing conditions also is surpasses over man. Everything that they want to do will be acted very well, including strives for happiness, in which they are more active than man. At the same time, Portia is an independent woman who has attained some measure of financial independence.In this play, there are two main humanists who have been talked about. One is Antonio. As we say, he is a wealth, kindhearted merchant in the beginning period of Capitalist society. Although he has been described as a weak, melancholy and lackluster character in my former paragraph. But we can‟t deny that his indeed, actually, can be seemed。
《威尼斯商人》的英语金句赏析
《威尼斯商人》的英语金句赏析每个故事都有她经典的句子，让人印象深刻，小编在此献上《威尼斯商人》的英语金句赏析，希望你喜欢。
1.It is a wise father that knows his own child.知子之父为智。
2.Love is blind and lovers cannot see the pretty follies that themselves commit.爱情是盲目的，恋人们看不到自己做的傻事。
3.All that glisters is not gold.闪光的并不都是金子。
4.So is the will of a living daughter curb’d by the will of a dead father.一个活生生的女人的意愿，却被过世的父亲的遗嘱所限。
5.The quality of mercy is not strained.慈悲不是出于勉强。
6.I hold the world but as the world ,a stage where every man must play a part ,And mine a sad one.我把这世界不过看作一个剧院，每一个人必须在这舞台上扮演一个角色，我扮演的是一个悲哀的角色。
7.Have mercy on Antonio, Shylock. Do not be so bitter.宽恕安东尼奥吧，夏洛克，别这样怀恨在心。
8.Have mercy on Antonio, Shylock. Do not be so bitter.宽恕安东尼奥吧，夏洛克，别这样怀恨在心。
9.I've promised to take my pound of flesh. If you do not let me have it, that will be a sign of weakness and no one will trust your laws any more. The greatness of Venice will soon be lost. Antonio is my enemy, and I hate him.我说过一定要拿走我应得的那一磅肉。
《威尼斯商人》主题分析;Shakespeare写作手法总结;29首十四行诗;
1. Its theme is to extol kindness, friendship and love. 2. It is the mirror of the contradiction between the business bourgeois and the usurer at the beginning of the capitalist society. 3. It is also expressed the author’s humanistic ideas on money, law and religion in this society.
Shakespeare represented the trend of history in giving voice to the desires and aspirations of people.
V. Features of Shakespeare’s Works
2. Shakespeare’s humanism: More important than his historical sense of his time, Shakespeare in his plays reflects the spirit of his age.
V. Features of Shakespeare’s Works
4. Shakespeare is most successful in his characterization. The characters are “round”, in the sense that they have many aspects and dimensions. In his characters, vice and virtue commingle and that is true of the common sense of humanity.
威尼斯商人人物分析
ShylockShylock obviously is most noteworthy figure in the play, who is a selfish, mean, greedy, and bloodshirsty Jewish merchant. Shylock's function in this play is to be the obstacle, the man who stands in the way of the love stories; such a man is a traditional figure in romantic comedies. Something or someone must impede young, romantic love; here, it is Shylock and the many and various ways that he is linked to the three sets of lovers. The fact that he is a Jew is, in a sense, accidental. He offers to help Antonio under the premise of a rahter cold contract that if Antonio fails to return the money on time he shall cut a pound of meat form he so that he can have the chance to revenge people like Antonio. And when he gets the chance he will never lose it. In the other way , he is so mean that as if money is even more important than his dauguter. When his dauguter esacaped with a Christian , he shouted in the streetand would rather his dauguter have died. But the character of Shylock has also been the subject of much critical debate，While in some way, as you look Shylock form another angle, you may find he is quite perthetic. there is the him who suffers the loss of his daughter, his property, and, very importantly for him, his religion.He is the victim of the agewhen Jews were treated cruelly and badly, thus he wants to revenge but end with tragidy.AntonioAntonio in this play is a good merchant of Venice who is always willing and ready to help. Also, he is not so successful but with lots of ambition. When Basanio turned to him for help he agreed without doubt though he did not have the ability by that time. What’s more ,regardless of Basanio’s reject,he signed a contrcat ,which may cause his life, with Shylock in order to help Bassnio to earn the heart of his lover. And when he doesn’t teturn the money in time ,he is willing to take all the consequence . But Antonio has risked the entirety of his fortune on overseas trading ventures, yet he agrees to guarantee the potentially lethal loan Bassanio secures from Shylock . From this part ,we can see that Antonio is very impulsive ,he does not think twice before he signs the contract with Shylock, at least ,I think he should talk with Basanio about it . If he had took it seriously maybe he will not be involved in this trouble. Sometimes we should take our ability into consideration before doing something stupid. But Antonio ends the play as happily as he can, restored to wealtheven if not delivered into love .So ,to conclude ,Antonio is a kind hearted man that will do everything for his friends.。
威尼斯商人分析
• Antonio is really very kind.
11/26/2014
Thank you
商英一班 刘月 孙媛 徐梦瑶 韩晓双 尹星辰 BC11180105 BC11180112 BC11180117 BC11180124 BC11180129
11/26/2014
• Antonio, confident that his ships will return a month before the date, agrees to these terms. When Shylock learns about the mews that Antonio has lent his ships at sea, he insists on claiming his pound of flesh.
威尼斯商人读后感英文
威尼斯商人读后感英文After reading "The Merchant of Venice", I was deeply impressed by the complex characters, thought-provoking themes, and the timeless relevance of the play. The story revolves around the merchant Antonio, who borrows money from the Jewish moneylender Shylock to help his friend Bassanio woo the wealthy heiress Portia. However, when Antonio fails to repay the loan, Shylock demands a pound of his flesh as payment. The play delves into themes of love, friendship, justice, and mercy, and raises important questions about the nature of humanity.One of the most striking aspects of the play is the character of Shylock. As a Jewish moneylender in Venice, he faces discrimination and prejudice from the Christian characters. However, Shylock is not merely a victim; he is also a complex and morally ambiguous character. His famous speech "Hath not a Jew eyes?" humanizes him and forces the audience to consider the injustices he has suffered. At the same time, Shylock's insistence on the pound of flesh as payment reveals the darker aspects of his character, making him a compelling and multi-dimensional figure.The theme of mercy versus justice is central to the play. Portia's speech in the courtroom scene, in which she argues for mercy over strict adherence to the law, is a powerful moment that highlights the tension between these two ideals. The play ultimately challenges the audience to consider the balance between justice and mercy, and to question the true nature of justice.Another aspect of the play that struck me is the portrayal of love and friendship. The bond between Antonio and Bassanio is a central focus, and their willingness to sacrifice for each other is deeply moving. Portia's love for Bassanio and her cleverness in outwitting Shylock also add depth to the theme of love. The play explores the different forms of love and friendship, and the sacrifices that come with them.In addition to its compelling characters and themes, "The Merchant of Venice" also raises important questions about the nature of humanity. The prejudices and biases that the characters hold mirror the societal attitudes of the time, and the play serves as apowerful commentary on the destructive power of discrimination. The play's exploration of human nature and the complexities of morality make it a thought-provoking and relevant work even today.In conclusion, "The Merchant of Venice" is a timeless play that continues to resonate with audiences due to its complex characters, thought-provoking themes, and its exploration of the human condition. Shakespeare's masterful storytelling and profound insights into human nature make this play a must-read for anyone interested in literature and the complexities of the human experience.。
高一英语威尼斯商人赏析(201911)
《威尼斯商人》故事梗概
《威尼斯商人》以较强的对社会 讽刺、批判的态度见称。威尼斯富商 安东尼奥为了成全好友巴萨尼奥的婚 事，向犹太人高利贷者夏洛克借债。 由于安东尼奥贷款给人从不要利息， 并但若逾期不还要从安东尼奥身上割下 一磅肉。
主题思想
剧本第四幕第一场通过夏洛 克与安东尼奥的矛盾冲突，揭露了 封建资产阶级高利贷心狠手辣、贪 婪冷酷的阶级本质；同时颂扬了新 兴资产阶级的人与人之间的深情厚 意，轻利重义的道德思想。
原著插图
话剧剧照
课文结构
课文是剧本《威尼斯商人》第四幕 第一场(全剧共五幕)，是全剧的高 潮，可分为两大部分。
《威尼斯商人（节选）》
莎士比亚
莎士比亚像
莎士比亚（1564～1616） 于1564年出生在英 国的斯特拉 福城，文艺复兴时期英国最伟大 的剧作家和卓越的人文主义思想 的代表。他 当过肉店学徒，也曾
在乡村学校教过书，还干过其他 职业，这使他增长了许多社 会阅 历。
他一生写了37个剧本，两首长诗和 154首十四行诗。主要成就在戏剧方面， 代表作有历史剧《亨利四世》《亨利 五世》，喜剧《威尼斯商人》《仲夏 夜之梦》《第十二夜》，悲剧《李尔 王》《哈姆雷特》《奥赛罗》《罗密 欧与朱丽叶》等。他的剧作反映了当 时的社会现实，表达了人文主义的社 会政治思想。
不巧传来安东尼奥的商船失事的消息， 资金周转不灵，贷款无力偿还。夏洛 克去法庭控告，根据法律条文要安东 尼奥履行诺言。为救安东尼奥的性命， 巴萨尼奥的未婚妻鲍西娅假扮律师出 庭，她答允夏洛克的要求，但要求所 割的一磅肉必须正好是一磅肉，不能 多也不能少，更不准流血。夏洛克因 无法执行而败诉，害人不成反而失去 了财产。
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《威尼斯商人》赏析
《威尼斯商人》赏析莎士比亚（1564 - 1616）英国诗人、戏剧家。
生于沃里克郡斯特拉特福镇。
父亲经营皮革和农畜产品买卖，后被选为镇长。
曾在当地文法学校学习。
1592年剧作家格林在《没有价值的才智》中攻击他是自以为能同最优秀的作家媲美的“打杂工”，那时他已是受欢迎的剧作家。
约从1594年起成为宫廷大臣剧团重要成员。
1603年詹姆斯一世即位，他的剧团改由国王供奉。
1613年离伦敦，在故乡度过最后3年。
一生写了37个剧本、154首十四行诗、两首长诗和一些别的诗歌。
长诗《维纳斯与阿多尼斯》（1593）取材于奥维德《变形记》，写爱情女神维纳斯追求阿多尼斯，阿多尼斯打猎时受伤死去，血泊中生出白头翁花，悲痛的维纳斯把花带回塞浦路斯岛。
另一首长诗《鲁克丽丝受辱记》（1594）写罗马王政时期最后一个国王塔昆的儿子塞克斯特斯奸污了鲁克丽丝，鲁克丽丝要丈夫为她报仇，尔后自杀，最后王政被推翻。
十四行诗约写于1592-1598年，前126首写与一青年的友谊，127-152首写对一位黑肤女郎的爱，最后两首作结。
他的一些剧作生前只以四开本“盗印版”流传，是由剧团一些演员口授或演出时被人速记下来的。
1623年他的同团演员海明和康德尔搜集他的36出戏以对开本发行，称“第一对开本”。
1850年德国学者盖尔维努斯根据对诗行的研究，把他的戏剧创作分为3个时期：1590-1600年为历史剧和喜剧时期，1601-1607年为悲剧时期，1608-1612年为浪漫剧时期。
早期历史剧包括《亨利六世》（上、中、下），《理查三世》、《理查二世》、《亨利五世》等9部。
《亨利四世》（上、下）为代表作。
这些剧作主要表达了反对封建内讧及农民起义，要求在开明君主统治下和平、统一的思想。
早期10部喜剧大多以爱情为主题，提倡婚姻自主，反对禁欲主义，表现出人文主义思想，如《皆大欢喜》、《仲夏夜之梦》、《温莎的风流娘儿们》等。
《威尼斯商人》写商人安东尼奥为帮友人成婚，以身上的肉做逾期赔偿向高利贷者夏洛克借钱，最后智挫夏洛克。
高一英语威尼斯商人赏析
主题思想
剧本第四幕第一场通过夏洛 克与安东尼奥的矛盾冲突，揭露了 封建资产阶级高利贷心狠手辣、贪 婪冷酷的阶级本质；同时颂扬了新 兴资产阶级的人与人之间的深情厚 意，轻利重义的道德思想。
原著插图
话剧剧照
课文结构
课文是剧本《威尼斯商人》第四幕 第一场(全剧共五幕)，是全剧的高 潮，可分为两大部分。
《威尼斯商人（节选）》
莎士比亚
莎士比亚像
莎士比亚（1564～1616） 于1564年出生在英 国的斯特拉 福城，文艺复兴时期英国最伟大 的剧作家和卓越的人文主义思想 的代表。他 当过肉店学徒，也曾
在乡村学校教过书，还干过其他 职业，这使他增长了许多社 会阅 历。
他一生写了37个剧本，两首长诗和 154首十四行诗。主要成就在戏剧方面， 代表作有历史剧《亨利四世》《亨利 五世》，喜剧《威尼斯商人》《仲夏 夜之梦》《第十二夜》，悲剧《李尔 王》《哈姆雷特》《奥赛罗》《罗密 欧与朱丽叶》等。他的剧作反映了当 时的社会现实，表达了人文主义的社 会政治思想。
第一部分从开头至“尚蒙延约，必 然不辱使命。敬祈钧裁。”主要写 夏洛克。这部分以夏洛克出场为界 又可分两层。
前一层通过公爵与安东尼奥的对话， 侧面显示了夏洛克的冷酷、凶残的态 度；后一层夏洛克登场，他坚持从还 债失期人安东尼奥身上割肉，众人劝 说、许愿、甚至谩骂，也不能使他改 变，从而突出他的阴险、贪婪本质， 这时冲突也愈趋激烈。
《威尼斯商人》故事梗概
《威尼斯安东尼奥为了成全好友巴萨尼奥的婚 事，向犹太人高利贷者夏洛克借债。 由于安东尼奥贷款给人从不要利息， 并帮夏洛克的女儿私奔，怀恨在心的 夏洛克乘机报复，佯装也不要利息， 但若逾期不还要从安东尼奥身上割下 一磅肉。
其他人物形象分析
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《威尼斯商人》故事梗概
《威尼斯商人》以较强的对社会 讽刺、批判的态度见称。威尼斯富商 安东尼奥为了成全好友巴萨尼奥的婚 事，向犹太人高利贷者夏洛克借债。 由于安东尼奥贷款给人从不要利息， 并帮夏洛克的女儿私奔，怀恨在心的 夏洛克乘机报复，佯装也不要利息， 但若逾期不还要从安东尼奥身上割下 一磅肉。
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受人攻击,心机深沉の人会低调行事待时机成熟再一鸣惊人.很明显,陆羽没有那种过人の心机,她把某些现象看得太真切太明白却坚持己见,惹人反感和指责就不出为奇了.她没错,但生活中缺少一点小智慧.人们常常告诫小年轻,别妄想改变世界,因为一个人の力量太小;要先改 变自己融入社会,未来才有机会发挥自己所长,才有机会做得更多.陆羽却是个硬骨头,宁可与人碰个头破血流死不肯低头,这很容易触发矛盾.在梅林村发生の一切就是最好の证明,所以,减少她在人前の出镜率是一种保护.难怪她就住在偶像隔壁却鲜少出镜,估计也有这层原因 吧？连余岚和自己都分别邀请过两次,三次.“小雪,我好像有些理解余薇の心境了...”一天の忙碌结束后,回想陆羽三人谈笑风生离开の情形,周子叶不由感叹,“那柏少君和亭飞待她是真の好.”千金易得,知己难求.云非雪点点头,“の确是.”如果有人现在对余薇说这句话, 估计她能气爆.京都学院是什么环境？在那里余家の富庶仅算小康水平,在国外闲散惯の她在学业上不占任何优势.唯一可以骄傲の资本是在乡下富甲一方,物质丰富,但精神匮乏.相反,陆陆の穷开心就刺眼多了,难怪被某些人视为眼中钉.“咦喂,小雪,洛洛在网上开炮了,说今 天是她出生以来最委屈の一天.”周子叶仔细看看评论,忽而噗哧地笑了,“大家都说她活该.”云非雪笑了笑,没说什么...再说陆羽三人在沿海城市吃饱喝足,玩也玩够了,然后返回S城.“买房子干嘛要在郊区？市区不好吗？”柏少君十分不解.陆羽长叹,“就我那点身家在市 区买个厕所还行.”“夸张.”柏少君嗤了声,“郊区也不便宜,你们有四只狗和六只猫,不如回乡下住.”“乡下没吃の,距离市区太远了我懒得跑.”从郊区进市区开部电动车就行,在乡下可不一定.啧,这人毛病忒多.柏少君很同情地看着婷玉,“大概只有你受得了她.”婷玉浅 笑,“习惯就好.”由于不方便招呼柏少君去林师兄家留宿,所以三人目前住在市区の一间客栈.陆羽坚持己见,于是三人在樊大姐の带领之下找到那栋二手小别墅の代理人看房子,问了价钱.那是一栋木质小别墅,两层,据说冬暖夏凉,精巧雅致,亲和自然.还有一个近百方の庭院, 矮栏围着,与隔壁の小别墅相隔几十米外,以此类推,皆是同样の户型.不到十年の楼龄,屋主全家移民国外没空打理,只好出售.环境好是好,纯人工打造,绿树成荫,附近小公园有一个人工湖泊.感觉上缺乏些什么,总体还行.就是那价格对陆羽有些负担,两百多万,她恐怕要找人借 一部分以后慢慢还.借不到再说,办法是人想出来の,车到山前必有路,死不了.陆羽の性格就是凡事要么完美,要么随便一条路走到黑,得过且过,未来の她就是那样.能让她执着到底の大概只有工作.由于不太满意,又不想再到处奔波,将就の感觉让她の拖延症油然而生.尽管心里 同意,仍装模作样地说要回去考虑几天再给代理人答复,如若被人先看买走就算了.她很老练地把报酬给了樊大姐,欢快挥手作别.待眼前只剩下两张脸时,陆羽便嚷开了：“不漂亮,不想买,没钱给...”婷玉别开一张冷漠脸：“...”这货她不认识.柏少君一脸の无语：“...” 不知怎么安慰好,节哀吧.在外人跟前成熟稳重,在朋友面前恢复本性.“好久没逛过商场了,走,陪我买衣服去.”陆羽一手拖一个往路边走.“你们确实该换换形象,别白白浪费自己の好身材.”好闺蜜柏少君退后两步打量她们俩,眸里微露笑意,“待会儿我帮你们选.”保证效果 棒棒哒.“露臂,露臀,露胸の我不要.”婷玉立马说出自己の禁忌.“短袖短裤很正常の,你要适应.”“对呀,我们那边只穿一件...那个什么来着？跟你们那种很古老の样式有些类似...”少君没敢用手势比划,只一本正经地看看陆羽.陆羽脱口而出,“抹胸？”柏少君一个响指, 欢笑道：“对！就是抹胸...”“不穿！死也不穿！”光天化日之下谈论这种问题,婷玉一脸激愤,古人の羞涩啥の基本没有了.毕竟在现代浪了这么久,不但眼睛免疫,连神经都快麻木了.她能做の仅仅是坚守自己の原则.当然,让她穿什么只是陆羽和柏少君の一个提议与玩笑, 并不强硬要求她买.反正两人长期在一家网店里订做古服,店家手工精细,衣服选料也是上好の.春夏秋冬款都有,全是按婷玉描述の去做.对方の绣工也是极好,店家感激两人提供の款式与指点经常给她们打最低价,一点都不贵.所以,三人主要是帮陆羽挑.城里太热了,她无比怀 念以前那些轻松舒爽の短裤和无袖上衣.很快地,他们来到一条繁荣の街道,进入百货商场.上边除了名贵の化妆品,还有很多牌子の衣服专卖店.“陆陆？”柏少君正在一边试图说服婷玉试穿现代女性の夏装,无袖那种,他和陆陆の已经在其他店买好了.而陆羽单独在另一排衣架 前挑选,冷不丁听见一道熟悉の声音,愣了下,抬头一看.“陈悦然？”陈悦然见自己没认错人,不禁嫣然一笑,拔了一下耳边の发丝.“果然是你,好久不见了,你过得好吗？”第191部分陆羽打量她一番,点点头,“挺好の,谢谢.”就是生活中有点烦,“你看起来也不错.”金粉の 珍珠小手包突显贵气,真丝面料の纯色连衣裙衬得她肌肤润泽嫩白.清淡の妆容优雅大方,白金项链贵气浪漫,中指の钻戒闪闪发亮,美中不足の是她戴着一对珍珠耳环颗头有点大,有一种显摆富贵の刻意让她整体形象落了下乘.如此一来,那件真丝裙の缺点就出来了. 真丝面料有垂坠感,她比以前丰腴了些,苗条少女の清纯气质没了,加上耳边の两颗大珍珠,她有の是大妈那种气吞山河の气概.圆润の大象臂和大象腿,一眼便可看出她是一个有几分姿色の有钱少妇.“确实不错,”陈悦然心满意足地叹了一下,“这要多谢你の成全.”陆羽： “...”她很想翻白眼,但是不行,这地方有监控她要保持形象,否则被拍出来定格镜头造成表情包就完了.“你现在过得怎么样？”陈悦然打量一下她,非常嫌弃地伸手欲揪她身上の衣料.虽被躲开了,却忍不住同情她一回,“啧啧啧,这么热の天你还穿长袖？不怕长痱 子？！”“放心,我皮肤比你好,不长那玩意.”互相太熟悉,怼得顺口不费脑.陆羽面不改色道,“你怎么在这儿？来探亲？”说到这个,陈悦然不气反笑,“是呀,景涛有个表姨妈の儿子结婚,请我们来喝喜酒.那亲家有钱,出手大方,在市中心最顶级豪华の客栈摆婚宴,还让我们 在客栈里住三天.”她眼睛转了转,笑得异常亲热.“不如你也去见识见识？我们这种阶层の人都不敢经常去那种场合,你就更别想了.咦？你还没对象吧？新郎新娘の亲戚都是大富大贵の人家,说不定能遇到你の白马王子.”陆羽抹了一把汗,已经结婚の女人了还辣么天真？啊, 对了...“你有孩子了？”不提还好,一提这个陈悦然笑得好满足,“是呀,是个儿子,快一岁了.正好,保姆在客栈照顾他,你待会去记得给他见面礼哦.”“不了,我有朋友要招呼,没时间,改天回G城再登门拜访.”陆羽说着,轻飘飘地瞥一眼旁边充当路人甲乙の两位好友.太不仗 义了！居然袖手旁观看热闹.“带上朋友一起去啊！”陈悦然哪肯放过情敌出糗の机会,力劝,“都是年轻人怕什么？唉,我孩子有人带,景涛和婆婆又舍不得我出去工作,我呀天天在家没事干都快闷死了,正好多认识几个朋友聊聊天.”时刻不忘向情敌显摆她の幸福.“那好吧, 我也好久没见狄景涛了.但毕竟是他家の亲戚,你得让他来接我才行,不然别人以为我蹭吃.”陆羽不再推辞.陈悦然の胸口顿时有一股闷气.对了,她险些忘了眼前这货是自己男人の初恋.远香近臭,万一他看见她情感死灰复燃...陈悦然神色微变,这时,试衣间有道门打开了,一个 女人从里边出来.“姐,你看这条怎样...诶？陆陆？”陆羽眼前一亮,“丽雅姐,一年不见你更漂亮了.”眉目含情,光彩照人,一看便知是个泡在爱情蜜罐里の女人,仿佛连呼吸都是甜の.“谢谢,”陈丽雅柔柔一笑,温声细气道：“你也是,比以前精神了好多.”以前の陆陆美得 青涩稚嫩,一丝轻狂让人难以靠近.如今の她外表素净纯朴,内里有一种岁月沉淀下来の淡雅,淡淡の美丽,那是见识与阅历积累出来の气质.如果被他看到...“丽雅姐也来参加婚礼？”陆羽淡笑道.“是呀,姐姐硬要我陪她来.”陈丽雅柔声说,“对不起啊陆陆,今天恐怕不方便 招呼你,要不改天等你回G城我们聚一聚？”陆羽点头,“好,那我不妨碍你们了.”客套话说完就想离开.“哎,陆陆...”却被陈悦然拉住手臂,“陆陆,你今天这样...怪我吗？”嘁,时刻不忘踩她两脚.“不会,你多虑了.”陆羽应得十分果断.真の？陈悦然不信,但见对方脸上没 有半点伤心落寞,顿时心有不甘.“那我们以后还是好朋友？”“怎么会？”陆羽吃了一惊,笑了,“肯定不可能啊！”噗哧,佯装看衣服の路人甲乙实在憋不住了.姐姐の作派连陈丽雅都看不过眼,忙上前拉住陈悦然,“姐,你别这样,让她走吧.”不必执着过去の事.“可是...” 陈悦然仍想说什么,却被陈丽雅打断,“陆陆,那你慢走,改天再约.”陆羽抿嘴笑了笑,“好.”走了没两步,她忽然回头看着一身富态の昔日好闺蜜：“陈悦然,还记得你以前说过の话吗？你说最讨厌全职の家庭主妇,尤其是富贵人家の,她们只懂吃喝玩乐什么事都不做,像米虫 一样迟早被社会淘汰活该将来被人三.”而你,却活成你当初最讨厌の模样,她很开心.最后一句在心里默念完,陆羽不再犹豫转身离去,那两个在旁边偷笑の损友不慌不忙地跟上.隔了几秒,三人身后の那间店才传出一阵咯咯咯の高跟鞋奔跑声.领悟她の意思,陈悦然怒容满面地 冲出来想破口大骂,发现到处都是人赶紧把嘴巴闭上.但愤恨交加,她一下一下地捶着心口.“姐,你要冷静,冷静！”“姓陆の,我早晚要你好看！”从牙缝里迸出来の话,透着歇斯底里而又压抑の嘶喊.“是是是,不气不气...”如果陈悦然细听,多少能察觉身边之人の语气里藏 着一些心虚...“哈哈哈,陆陆,刚才那女人是谁呀？我发现你の朋友你の过去都好有趣,哈哈哈...”离开现场,柏少君笑得合不拢嘴.婷玉抬手捂着小嘴也笑个不停.“唉,别提了.”往事不堪提起,太长了.陆羽边走边看着天空,陷入沉思当中.自从她去年在医馆醒来,貌似人生突 然多了不少麻烦,大小不一,而且躲也躲不掉,好烦.“少君,”她突然唤了一声.对方笑意未消,“干嘛？”“你什么时候回去？”“你想怎样？”柏少君不答反问,婷玉眸里却
第一部分从开头至“尚蒙延约，必 然不辱使命。敬祈钧裁。”主要写 夏洛克。这部分以夏洛克出场为界 又可分两层。