汉语翻译第九讲简单句变复合句

汉语翻译第九讲

汉语翻译技巧简单句变复合句

一、练习讨论和讲评

本来，生命只有一次，对于谁都是宝贵的。但是，假使他的生命溶化在大众的事业里面，假使他天天在为这世界干事业是不死的，他会领略到“永久的年轻”的感觉。而“浮生如梦”的人，从这个世界拿去的很多，而给这世界的却很少——他总有一天会觉得疲乏得快要死亡：他连拿都没有力量了。衰老和无能的悲哀，像铅一样沉重，压在他的心头。青春是多么短啊。

One has but one life to live and, naturally, it is treasured by all. However, if one is dedicated to the cause of the people, if he does something every day for the world, he is living and, though eventually he will die, the cause he lives for—the cause of the people will never die. In other words, he will gain a sense of “eternal youth” As for the one who lives his life like a floating cloud; he takes a lot from the world but gives little in return. Sooner or later he will be approaching death with such tiredness that he will find himself deprived of the energy t o “take”. Then the grief caused by age and impotence will make him feel as if a heavy load of lead was in the

mind. How fast youth goes!

他总有一天会觉得疲乏得快要死亡。Sooner or later he will be exhausted to death. 他总有一天会觉得疲非常疲乏。然而“他总有一天会觉得疲乏得快要死亡。”的意义是：他总有一天会觉得疲乏，感到快要死亡了。Sooner or later he will be approaching death with such tiredness. Sooner or later he will be exhausted，having the sense that he will be approaching death.

1. He was thirsty to death. He was extremely thirsty.

2. He was stabbed to death. He died because he was stabbed. He was beaten to death.

二、简单句变复合句

有时为了使英语句子的连贯性更强, 表达也更为贴切、自然、优美，我们将两个或者多个简单汉语句翻译成一个英语句子。英语句子之间加上and, but, or(或者, 否则), for (因为), while(而, 却), when(就在这个时候), not only ...but also等并列连词, 使其成为并列复合句。如：

(1)我们户外活动需要三个小时，大概11点回来，校门一带关了。

⑴Our outdoor activity will last three hours. We’ll be back at about 11 o’clock.The school gate must be closed. →Our outdoor activity will last

three hours and the school gate must be closedwhen we’ll be back at about 11 o’clock.

⑵飞机七点起飞，赶快，要不赶不上飞机了。

⑵The plane takes off at seven.You must hurry. You’ll miss the plane. →You must hurry or you’ll miss the plane which takes off at seven.

⑶蜜糖甜蜜蜜，蜜蜂很刺人。

⑶Honey is sweet. The bee stings. →Honey is sweet but the bee stings.

在两个或者多个简单句之间加上when, after, as, because, where, which, who等从属连词, 可以使简单句变成复合句。如：

（4）英语俱乐部可以组织各种活动，我们在活动中不但可以练习英语还可以学习更多英语。

（4）We will organize all kinds of activities in our English club. We can not only practise but also learn more English in the activities.(改为含定语从句的复合句) →We will organize all kin ds of activities in our English club in which we can not only practise but also learn more English.

（5）没有赶上头班车，他上学迟到了。

（5）He missed the first bus. He came to school late.(改为含状语从句的复合句)

→Because he missed the first bus, he came to school late. →He missed the first bus, so he came to school late.

即时练习将下列各组句子合并成并列复合句或主从复合句。（6），