操作系统全英文期末考试题(带)
计算机专业英语期末复习题及参考答案
一单选题 (共10题，总分值30分 )1. hacker （3 分）A. 音频B. 应用软件C. 机器语言D. 软件测试E. 结构化程序设计F. 内存G. 功能测试H. 关系数据库I. 黑客J. 防火墙2. functional testing （3 分）A. 音频B. 应用软件C. 机器语言D. 软件测试E. 结构化程序设计F. 内存G. 功能测试H. 关系数据库I. 黑客J. 防火墙3. relational database （3 分）A. 音频B. 应用软件C. 机器语言D. 软件测试E. 结构化程序设计F. 内存G. 功能测试H. 关系数据库I. 黑客J. 防火墙4. firewall （3 分）A. 音频B. 应用软件C. 机器语言D. 软件测试E. 结构化程序设计F. 内存G. 功能测试H. 关系数据库I. 黑客J. 防火墙5. software testing （3 分）A. 音频B. 应用软件C. 机器语言D. 软件测试E. 结构化程序设计F. 内存G. 功能测试H. 关系数据库I. 黑客J. 防火墙6. audi （3 分）B. 应用软件C. 机器语言D. 软件测试E. 结构化程序设计F. 内存G. 功能测试H. 关系数据库I. 黑客J. 防火墙7. application software （3 分）A. 音频B. 应用软件C. 机器语言D. 软件测试E. 结构化程序设计F. 内存G. 功能测试H. 关系数据库I. 黑客J. 防火墙8. machine language （3 分）A. 音频B. 应用软件C. 机器语言D. 软件测试E. 结构化程序设计F. 内存G. 功能测试H. 关系数据库J. 防火墙9. memory （3 分）A. 音频B. 应用软件C. 机器语言D. 软件测试E. 结构化程序设计F. 内存G. 功能测试H. 关系数据库I. 黑客J. 防火墙10. structured programming （3 分）A. 音频B. 应用软件C. 机器语言D. 软件测试E. 结构化程序设计F. 内存G. 功能测试H. 关系数据库I. 黑客J. 防火墙二填空题 (共1题，总分值5分 )11. Microsoft Word XP is the current Window versionof Word, and documents created in Word XP can beeasily _________________________________Excel, Power Point and Access files. In the interface of Word, the_________________________________displays the name of the current application and name of the current document;the_________________________________lists the names of the menus available;the_________________________________gives the user quick access to frequently used editingfunctions; the_________________________________enables theuser to change left and right margin.toolbarrulertitle barmenu barincorporate into （5 分）三翻译题 (共10题，总分值50分 )12. hard disk （5 分）13. 集成开发环境（5 分）14. 通用串行总线（5 分）15. network security （5 分）16. software maintenance （5 分）17. electronic commerce （5 分）18. 广域网（5 分）19. 结构化查询语言（5 分）20. management information system （5 分）21. 面向对象编程（5 分）四阅读理解 (共1题，总分值15分 )22. The Internet, then known as ARPANET, wasbrought online in 1969, which initiallyconnected four major computers at universitiesin the southwestern US . The early Internet wasused by computer experts , engineers, scientists, and librarians. There was nothing friendly about it. There were no home or office personalcomputers in those days, and anyone who used it, whether a computer professional or an engineeror scientist or librarian, had to learn to use a very complex system.The Internet matured in the 1970's as a result of the TCP/IP architecture. As the commands for E-mail, FTP , and telnet were standardized, it became a lot easier for non-technical people to learn to use the nets. It was not easy by today' s standards by any means, but it did open up use of the Internet to many more people in universities in particular. Other departments besides the libraries, computer, physics, and engineering departments found ways to make good use of the nets -- to communicate with colleagues around the world and to share files and resources.In 1991, the first really friendly interface to the Internet was developed at the University of Minnesota. The University wanted to develop a simple menu system to access files and information on campus through their local network.Since the Internet was initially funded by the government, it was originally limited to research, education, and government uses. Commercial uses were prohibited unless they directly served the goals of research and education. This policy continued until the early 1990's, when independent commercial networks began to grow.(四) Choose the best answer according to Passage C.（根据上文的内容选择正确的答案。
操作系统英文试卷
6. ______P2P______ does not distinguish clients and servers, services provided by several nodes distributed throughout the network.7. Bootstrap program is an initial program to run. It is loaded at power-up or reboot and typically stored in ROM or EEPROM, generally known as firmware.8. Device controller informs CPU that it has finished its operation by causing an_____interrupt_____.9. Single-threaded process has one __program counter__ specifying location of next instruction to execute .10. A ___trap______ is a software-generated interrupt caused either by an error ora user request.11. ___OS_______ manages the computer HW as well as providing an environment for application programs to run. It’s the interface to the computer system provides to the human user.12. A computer system can be divided roughly into four components: hardware, Operating system, application program and user .13. Dual-mode ( ___user mode__ and ____kernel mode__ ) operation allows OS to protect itself and other system components.14. The operating system is responsible for the following activities in connection with process management:- Creating and deleting both user and system processes.- Suspending and resuming processes.- Providing mechanisms for process __synchronization__, communication and deadlock handling.15. OS activities in connection with file management include- Creating and deleting ____files___ and __directories_ .- Supporting primitives to manipulate __答案同上___ and __答案同上___ .- Mapping files onto secondary storage.- Backup files onto stable (non-volatile) storage media.1. What is the main advantage of layer approach to system?Ans：1. easier to modular design2. easier to debug and modify2. What is the purpose of system calls?Ans：System calls allow user-level processes to request services of the operationsystem3. What is the purpose of the command interpreter?Ans：Interface between user program and operation system. It reads commandsform a file of commands and execute them, usually be turning them into oneor more system calls. It is usually not part of the kernel since the command interpreter is subject to change.4. What is the main advantage of Virtual Machine?Ans：1. The virtual-machine concept provides complete protection of system resources.2. A virtual-machine system is a perfect vehicle for operating-systems research and development5. What is the separation of policy form mechanism an important principle in system implementation?Ans：The separation of policy and mechanism is important for flexibility.Policy : What will be done ?Mechanism : How to do it ?6. List five types of system calls?Ans：1. Process control2. File management3. Device management4. Information maintenance5. Communications7. List at least five service provide by an Operation System that are designed to make it more convenient for user to use the computer system.Ans：1. User interface2. Program execution3. I/O operations4. File-system manipulation5. Communications6. Error detection8. What are the two model of inter-process communication?Ans：1. Shared memory2. Message passing9. Three general methods used to pass parameters to the OS?Ans：1. Simplest: pass the parameters in registers2. Parameters stored in a block, or table, in memory, and address of block passed as a parameter in a register3. Parameters placed, or pushed, onto the stack by the program and poppedoff the stack by the operating system10. Almost all operating systems have a user interface, list at least 2 types of user interface.Ans：1. Command-Line (CLI)2. Graphics User Interface (GUI)3. Batch interface5. A process is a program in execution. The process in memory consists of_text section_, __data section__, __heap__ and _stack__.6. Process control block contains many information associated with a specific process, including _process state_, _program counter_, _cpu registers_,_cpu scheduling information_, _memory management information_,_accounting information_ and _I/O status information_.7. There are four reasons for providing an environment that allows process cooperation: _information sharing_, _computation speedup , _modularity_and _convenience_.8. A socket is defined as an endpoint for communication. A socket is identified by an _IP address_ concatenated with a _port number_.9. Communication in client–server systems may use _sockets_, _remote procedure calls (RPCs)_ or _Java’s remote method invocation (RMI)_. (RMI)_.5. What are the benefits of using multithreading: responsiveness, resource sharing, economy, and utilization of MPArchitectures.6. There are three kind of relationship between user threads and kernel threads: many-to-one model, one-to-one model, and many-to-many model.7. User threads are supported above the kernel and are managed without kernel support, whereas kernel threads are supported and managed directly by the operating system.8. Thread cancellation is the task of terminating a thread before it has completed.9. Cancellation of a target thread may occur in two different scenarios: asynchronous cancellation and deferred cancellation.10. There are three main thread libraries: Pthreads, win32 and java.11. When a signal is generated by an event external to a running process, that process receives the signal asynchronously. Every signal may be handled by one of two possible handlers: default signal handler and user-defined signal handler.12. The register set, stacks, and private storage area are known as the context of the Threads.1. Name 5 performance criteria that have been suggested for comparingCPU-schedule algorithms. (10%)Ans：1. waiting time2. turnaround time3. response time4. CPU utilization5. throughput2. What are the differences between a program and a process ? (10%)Ans：Program is a “Passive”entity, like a file stored in disk.Process is an “Active”entity, with a program counter, which indicated thelocation of next instruction4. Which of following scheduling algorithm could result in starvation? (10%)a. FIFOb. SJFc. RRd. PriorityAns：SJF and priority-based scheduling algorithm could result in starvation.5. Explain the differences in the degree to which the following scheduling algorithms discriminate in favor of short processes.：(10%)a. FCFSb. RRc. Multilevel feedback queuesAns：a. FCFS –discriminates against short jobs since short jobs arriving after longjobs will have a longer waiting time.b. RR –treats all jobs equally (giving them equal bursts of CPU time) soshort jobs will be able to leave the system faster since they will finish first.c. Multilevel feedback queues –work similar to the RR algorithm –they discriminate favorably toward short jobs.4.Explain what is race condition.(15%)Ans:Several processes access and manipulate the same data concurrently and the outcome of the execution depends on the particular order in which the access takes place5.Explain what is deadlock. (15%)Ans:Two or more processes are waiting indefinitely for an event that can be caused by only one of the waiting processes.6. A solution to the critical-section problem must satisfy the three requirement: Mutual exclusion, progress and bounded waiting,7. The value of a counting semaphore can range over an unrestricted domain. The value of a binary semaphore can range only between 0 and 1. The second answeris known as mutex lock.8. With each semaphore there is an associated waiting queue. Each entry in it has two data items: value and pointer to next record in the list.9.The main disadvantage of the semaphore is that it requires busy waiting.8. Classically, the binding of instructions and data to memory addresses can be done at each of three steps: compile time , load time , and execution time .9. The run-time mapping from virtual to physical addresses is done by a hardware device called the input queue .10. The processes on the disk that are waiting to be brought into memory for execution from the MMU .。
斯坦福大学2003年操作系统期末考试题(英文)
FINAL EXAM – INTRODUCTION TO OPERATING SYSTEMS CSE421May 2, 2003 (Spring 2003)NAME : _____________________________________________________________ STUDENT NUMBER : _________-_________INSTRUCTIONSThis is a closed book but you are allowed two sheets of information to refer to. You have 180 minutes to complete 10 questions. Please write neatly and clearly. To receive partial credit, you must show all work for your answers. You should have 11 pages in this exam book, some of which are blank to allow room for your answers.Raw Score : ___________/ 140 = ____________/ 1001) [20 Points] DeadlockConsider the following snapshot of a system (P=Process, R=Resource) :Answer the following questions using banker’s algorithm:a) Calculate the Needs matrix:b) Is the system in a safe state? If so, show a safe order in which the processes can run. c) Can a request of one instance of RA by Process P0 be granted safely according to Banker’s algorithm?2) [20 points] Logical and Physical Address SpacesThe Kiwi™ memory architecture design team has a dilemma. The team is considering several different memory configuration variations for an upcoming machine design. Consider the following designs (All memory accesses are in terms of bytes, and all are using paging techniques):a) [6 points] For each design, list the maximum number of pages each process can access in logical address space.b) [6 points] For each design, list the maximum number of frames in physical memory.c) [6 points] For design 3, if the outermost page table holds 32 entries, how many bits are needed in the logical address to represent the outer page table? How many bits are used for representing the offset within a page? How many bits are needed in the logical address in order to represent the inner page table?Given the following reference string:0 2 1 3 0 1 4 0 1 2 3 4showa)Page faults occur during the processing of the reference scheme?b)The hit ratio is for each of the following policies in a pure demand paging system?c)What do you observe when you move from Scheme 1 to Scheme 2? Explain. Scheme 1: FIFO with three pages of main memoryScheme 2: FIFO with four pages of main memoryConsider a system where the virtual memory page size is 2K (2048 bytes), and main memory consists of 4 page frames. Now consider a process which requires 8 pages of storage. At some point during its execution, the page table is as shown below:1.List the virtual address ranges for each virtual page.2.List the virtual address ranges that will result in a page fault.3.Give the main memory (physical) addresses for each of the following virtual addresses(all numbers decimal): (i) 8500, (ii) 14000, (iii) 5000, (iv) 2100.5) [20 points] File System ImplementationSuppose a file system is constructed using blocks of 8 words each. In this system, a word has a length of 4 bytes. The disk pack used to hold the file system consists of 32 blocks. The initial block (block 0) contains a directory entry. The directory entry contains the filename of a single file in this file system, and a pointer to the first I-node in block 1. The I-node structure is as follows (word, value):The file contains 16 words of data: the first direct index points at block 31, and the second direct index points at block 29. Blocks 4,7,10,and 15 are marked bad. Assume that free blocks are allocated in logical order starting with block 0 and that write operations modify the file system 1 block at a time.What will the state of the system look like after 100 additional words are appended to the file (draw a block diagram showing the structure of the I-node and the blocks that are allocated)6) [16 points] Disk SchedulingDisk requests come into the disk driver for cylinders 10, 22, 20, 2, 40, 6, and 38, in that order. Assume that the disk has 100 cylinders.A seek takes 6msec per cylinder moved. Compute the average seek time for the request sequence given above for1.First-come, First-served2.Shortest Seek Time First (SSTF)3.LOOK (with the disk-arm initially moving towards higher number cylinders from lowernumber cylinders)4.C-SCANIn all the cases, the arm is initially at cylinder 20.7) [10 points] Security: Public Key EncryptionConsider the public key encryption defined by the RSA (Rivest, Shamir, Adelman) scheme. Assume that the two starting primes are p and q are 3 and 7 respectively and determine the (nontrivial) private key and public key pairs according to the RSA scheme.8) [10 Points] Networking: TCP/IPThe following flowchart shows the client and server portions of a TCP communication session. Fill in the empty bubbles/boxes with the appropriate socket system call names.CLIENT SERVER9) [10 points] Enduring Principles in System Design1.When a system gets complex in design what is a common solution to manage thecomplexity? Give an example.2.When you experience incompatibilities between system modules, how will you solve thisproblem? Give an example.3.What is a common data structure used to manage (the slots for) n resources? Give anexample.4.The data items such as inodes and files are typically located in external memory that issluggish relative to the local main memory. How are the effective access times of these structures minimized?5.When a table maintaining a list of pointers grows unmanageably large how will you solvethis problem so that (i) search times of the table is reasonable and (ii) only the region of interest in the table need to be in the memory?10) [10 points] Nachos Operating Systems1.List the two main operations (methods) that have the potential for resulting in a pagefault.2.Where is the address that caused the page fault stored?3.You incremented the PC after every system call you implemented? Why not for pagefault system call?4.What is the purpose of Exec, Join and Exit system calls?5.Explain the above with an example.6.How would you control the access to a shared resource by multiple threads?11。
操作系统期末考试题和答案
操作系统期末考试题和答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 在操作系统中，进程和程序的主要区别是（）。
A. 程序是静态的，进程是动态的B. 程序是动态的，进程是静态的C. 程序是操作系统的一部分，进程是用户的一部分D. 程序是用户的一部分，进程是操作系统的一部分答案：A2. 下列关于死锁的描述中，错误的是（）。
A. 死锁是指两个或多个进程在执行过程中，因争夺资源而造成的一种僵局B. 死锁产生的原因是系统资源不足C. 死锁的四个必要条件是互斥、占有和等待、不可剥夺和循环等待D. 死锁可以预防，但无法避免答案：D3. 在分页存储管理中，页表的作用是（）。
A. 将逻辑地址转换为物理地址B. 将物理地址转换为逻辑地址C. 存储进程的执行状态D. 存储进程的资源分配情况答案：A4. 虚拟内存技术的主要目的是（）。
A. 提高CPU的利用率B. 提高内存的利用率C. 提高I/O设备的利用率D. 提高磁盘的利用率答案：B5. 在操作系统中，文件的逻辑结构通常采用（）。
A. 顺序结构B. 链接结构C. 索引结构D. 树形结构答案：A6. 操作系统中，文件的物理结构通常采用（）。
A. 顺序结构B. 链接结构C. 索引结构D. 树形结构答案：B7. 在操作系统中，文件的共享是指（）。
A. 多个进程可以同时访问同一个文件B. 多个进程可以同时修改同一个文件C. 多个进程可以同时创建同一个文件D. 多个进程可以同时删除同一个文件答案：A8. 在操作系统中，文件的保护是指（）。
A. 防止文件被非法访问B. 防止文件被非法修改C. 防止文件被非法删除D. 以上都是答案：D9. 在操作系统中，文件的组织方式通常采用（）。
A. 顺序文件B. 随机文件C. 索引文件D. 以上都是答案：D10. 在操作系统中，文件的存取方式通常采用（）。
A. 顺序存取B. 随机存取C. 直接存取D. 以上都是答案：D二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. 操作系统的主要功能包括______、______、文件管理、设备管理和______。
OS期末复习题
OS 期末复习题一、单选题1、若把操作系统看作是计算机资源的管理者，下列( )不属于操作系统所管理的资源。
A、磁盘B、内存C、 CPUD、中断2、单道批处理系统的主要缺点是( )。
A、 CPU 利用率不高B、失去了交互性C、不具备并行性D、以上都不是3、提高单机资源利用率的关键技术是( )。
A、脱机技术B、虚拟技术C、交换技术D、多道程序设计技术4、并发性是指若干事件在( )发生。
A、同一时刻B、不同时刻C、同一时间间隔内D、不同时间间隔内5、批处理系统的主要缺点是( )。
A、系统吞吐量小B、 CPU 利用率不高C、资源利用率低D、无交互能力6、( )操作系统允许一台主机上同时连接多台终端，多个用户可以通过各自的终端同时交互地使用计算机。
A、网络B、分布式C、分时D、实时7、实时操作系统必须在( )内处理来自外部的事件。
A、一个机器周期B、被控制对象规定时间C、周转时间D、时间片8、要求在规定的时间内对外界的请求必须给予及时响应的 OS 是( )。
A、多用户分时系统B、实时系统C、批处理系统时间D、网络操作系统9、操作系统中有一组特殊的程序，它们不能被系统中断，在操作系统中称为( )。
A、初始化程序B、原语C、子程序D、控制模块10、单处理机系统中，可并行的是( )。
I.进程与进程 II.处理机与设备 III.处理机与通道 IV.设备与设备A、 I、II 和 IIIB、I、II 和 IVC、 I、III 和IVD、 II、III 和IV11、在计算机系统中，操作系统是( )。
A、一般应用软件B、核心系统软件C、用户应用软件D、系统支撑软件12、进程和程序的本质区别是( )。
A、前者是动态的，后者是静态的B、前者存储在内存，后者存储在外存C、前者在一个文件中，后者在多个文件中D、前者分时使用 CPU，后者独占 CPU13、进程的基本状态( )可以由其他两种基本状态转变而来。
A、就绪状态B、执行状态C、阻塞状态D、新建状态14、进程处于( )时，它处于非阻塞态。
操作系统期末考试试题及答案PDF
操作系统期末考试试题及答案PDF一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 在现代操作系统中，进程和程序的主要区别是（）。
A. 进程是一个动态的概念，程序是一个静态的概念B. 进程是程序的执行过程，程序是进程的代码集合C. 进程是程序的代码和数据的集合，程序是进程的执行过程D. 进程是程序的代码集合，程序是进程的执行过程2. 在操作系统中，进程调度的目的是（）。
A. 决定进程的执行顺序B. 提高CPU的利用率C. 保证进程的公平性D. 以上都是3. 下列关于死锁的描述，不正确的是（）。
A. 死锁是指两个或多个进程在执行过程中，因争夺资源而造成的一种僵局B. 死锁产生的四个必要条件是互斥、占有和等待、不可剥夺、循环等待C. 死锁的预防方法是破坏占有和等待条件D. 死锁的避免方法是通过银行家算法来实现4. 在操作系统中，虚拟内存的主要作用是（）。
A. 提高内存的访问速度B. 提高内存的利用率C. 扩大内存的容量D. 以上都是5. 下列关于文件系统的的说法，不正确的是（）。
A. 文件系统是操作系统中负责管理文件的系统B. 文件系统提供了文件的创建、删除、读取和写入等操作C. 文件系统将文件存储在磁盘上，并且可以对文件进行加密D. 文件系统允许多个用户同时访问同一个文件6. 在操作系统中，分页管理方式的主要优点是（）。
A. 减少了内存的碎片B. 简化了内存管理C. 提高了内存的利用率D. 以上都是7. 下列关于进程通信的说法，不正确的是（）。
A. 进程通信是指进程之间交换信息的过程B. 进程通信的方式有共享内存、消息传递、信号量等C. 进程通信可以提高系统的并发性D. 进程通信会导致进程的阻塞8. 在操作系统中，中断处理程序的主要作用是（）。
A. 处理硬件设备发出的中断信号B. 处理用户发出的中断信号C. 处理操作系统发出的中断信号D. 处理进程发出的中断信号9. 下列关于操作系统的用户界面的说法，不正确的是（）。
操作系统习题（英文版）
操作系统习题（英文版）Chapter 1 – Computer Systems OverviewTrue / False Questions:1. T / F – The operating system acts as an interface between the computerhardware and the human user.2. T / F –One of the processor’s main functions is to exchange data withmemory.3. T / F –User-visible registers are typically accessible to systemprograms but are not typically available to application programs.4. T / F – Data registers are general purpose in nature, but may berestricted to specific tasks such as performing floating-point operations.5. T / F –The Program Status Word contains status information in the formof condition codes, which are bits typically set by the programmer as aresult of program operation.6. T / F – The processing required for a single instruction ona typicalcomputer system is called the Execute Cycle.7. T / F – A fetched instruction is normally loaded into the InstructionRegister (IR).8. T / F –An interrupt is a mechanism used by systemmodules to signalthe processor that normal processing should be temporarily suspended.9. T / F – To accommodate interrupts, an extra fetch cycle is added to theinstruction cycle.10. T / F –The minimum information that must be saved before theprocessor transfers control to the interrupt handler routine is theprogram status word (PSW) and the location of the current instruction.11. T / F – One approach to dealing with multiple interrupts is to disable allinterrupts while an interrupt is being processed.12. T / F – Multiprogramming allows the processor to make use of idle timecaused by long-wait interrupt handling.13. T / F – In a two-level memory hierarchy, the Hit Ratio is defined as thefraction of all memory accesses found in the slower memory.14. T / F – Cache memory exploits the principle of locality by providing asmall, fast memory between the processor and main memory.15. T / F – In cache memory design, block size refers to the unit of dataexchanged between cache and main memory16. T / F – The primary problem with programmed I/O is that the processormust wait for the I/O module to become ready and mustrepeatedlyinterrogate the status of the I/O module while waiting.Multiple Choice Questions:1. The general role of an operating system is to:a. Act as an interface between various computersb. Provide a set of services to system usersc. Manage files for application programsd. None of the above2. The four main structural elements of a computer system are:a. Processor, Registers, I/O Modules & Main Memoryb. Processor, Registers, Main Memory & System Busc. Processor, Main Memory, I/O Modules & System Busd. None of the above3. The two basic types of processor registers are:a. User-visible and Control/Status registersb. Control and Status registersc. User-visible and user-invisible registersd. None of the above4. Address registers may contain:a. Memory addresses of datab. Memory addresses of instructionsc. Partial memory addressesd. All of the above5. A Control/Status register that contains the address of the nextinstruction to be fetched is called the:a. Instruction Register (IR)b. Program Counter (PC)c. Program Status Word (PSW)d. All of the above6. The two basic steps used by the processor in instruction processingare:a. Fetch and Instruction cyclesb. Instruction and Execute cyclesc. Fetch and Execute cyclesd. None of the above7. A fetched instruction is normally loaded into the:a. Instruction Register (IR)b. Program Counter (PC)c. Accumulator (AC)d. None of the above8. A common class of interrupts is:a. Programb. Timerc. I/Od. All of the above9. When an external device becomes ready to be serviced by theprocessor, the device sends this type of signal to the processor:a. Interrupt signalb. Halt signalc. Handler signald. None of the above10. Information that must be saved prior to the processor transferringcontrol to the interrupt handler routine includes:a. Processor Status Word (PSW)b. Processor Status Word (PSW) & Location of next instructionc. Processor Status Word (PSW) & Contents of processor registersd. None of the above11. One accepted method of dealing with multiple interrupts is to:a. Define priorities for the interruptsb. Disable all interrupts except those of highest priorityc. Service them in round-robin fashiond. None of the above12. In a uniprocessor system, multiprogramming increases processorefficiency by:a. Increasing processor speedb. Taking advantage of time wasted by long wait interrupt handlingc. Eliminating all idle processor cyclesd. All of the above13. As one proceeds down the memory hierarchy (i.e., from inboardmemory to offline storage), the following condition(s) apply:a. Increasing cost per bitb. Decreasing capacityc. Increasing access timed. All of the above14. Small, fast memory located between the processor and main memoryis called:a. WORM memoryb. Cache memoryc. CD-RW memoryd. None of the above15. When a new block of data is written into cache memory, the followingdetermines which cache location the block will occupy:a. Block sizeb. Cache sizec. Write policyd. None of the above16. Direct Memory Access (DMA) operations require the followinginformation from the processor:a. Address of I/O deviceb. Starting memory location to read from or write toc. Number of words to be read or writtend. All of the aboveQuestions1.1，1.4，1.7，1.8Problems1.1，1.3，1.4，1.5，1.7Chapter 2 – Operating System OverviewTrue / False Questions:1. T / F –An operating system controls the execution of applications andacts as an interface between applications and the computer hardware.2. T / F – The operating system maintains information that can be used forbilling purposes on multi-user systems.3. T / F – The operating system typically runs in parallel with applicationpro grams, on it’s own special O/S processor.4. T / F –One of the driving forces in operating system evolution isadvancement in the underlying hardware technology.5. T / F – In the first computers, users interacted directly with thehardware and operating systems did not exist.6. T / F – In a batch-processing system, the phrase “control is passed to ajob” means that the processor is now fetching and executinginstructions in a user program.7. T / F –Uniprogramming typically provides better utilization of systemresources than multiprogramming.8. T / F –In a time sharing system, a user’s program is preempted atregular intervals, but due to relatively slow human reaction time thisoccurrence is usually transparent to the user.9. T / F –A process can be defined as a unit of activity characterized by asingle sequential thread of execution, a current state, and an associated set of system resources.10. T / F – A virtual memory address typically consists of a page numberand an offset within the page.11. T / F – Implementing priority levels is a common strategyforshort-term scheduling, which involves assigning each process in thequeue to the processor according to its level of importance.12. T / F – Complex operating systems today typically consist of a fewthousand lines of instructions.13. T / F – A monolithic kernel architecture assigns only a few essentialfunctions to the kernel, including address spaces, interprocesscommunication and basic scheduling.14. T / F –The hardware abstraction layer (HAL) maps between generichardware commands/responses and those unique to a specificplatform.Multiple Choice Questions:17. A primary objective of an operating system is:a. Convenienceb. Efficiencyc. Ability to evolved. All of the above18. The operating system provides many types of services to end-users,programmers and system designers, including:a. Built-in user applicationsb. Error detection and responsec. Relational database capabilities with the internal file systemd. All of the above19. The operating system is unusual i n it’s role as a control mechanism, inthat:a. It runs on a special processor, completely separated from therest of the systemb. It frequently relinquishes control of the system processor andmust depend on the processor to regain control of the systemc. It never relinquishes control of the system processord. None of the above20. Operating systems must evolve over time because:a. Hardware must be replaced when it failsb. Users will only purchase software that has a current copyrightdatec. New hardware is designed and implemented in the computersystemd. All of the above21. A major problem with early serial processing systems was:a. Setup timeb. Lack of input devicesc. Inability to get hardcopy outputd. All of the above22. An example of a hardware feature that is desirable in abatch-processing system is:a. Privileged instructionsb. A completely accessible memory areac. Large clock cyclesd. None of the above23. A computer hardware feature that is vital to the effective operation of amultiprogramming operating system is:a. Very large memoryb. Multiple processorsc. I/O interrupts and DMAd. All of the above24. The principle objective of a time sharing, multiprogramming system isto:a. Maximize response timeb. Maximize processor usec. Provide exclusive access to hardwared. None of the above25. Which of the following major line of computer system developmentcreated problems in timing and synchronization that contributed to the development of the concept of the process?a. Multiprogramming batch operation systemsb. Time sharing systemsc. Real time transaction systemsd. All of the above26. The paging system in a memory management system provides fordynamic mapping between a virtual address used in a program and:a. A virtual address in main memoryb. A real address in main memoryc. A real address in a programd. None of the above27. Relative to information protection and security in computer systems,access control typically refers to:a. Proving that security mechanisms perform according tospecificationb. The flow of data within the systemc. Regulating user and process access to various aspects of thesystemd. None of the above28. A common problem with full-featured operating systems, due to theirsize and difficulty of the tasks they address, is:a. Chronically late in deliveryb. Latent bugs that show up in the fieldc. Sub-par performanced. All of the above29. A technique in which a process, executing an application, is dividedinto threads that can run concurrently is called:a. Multithreadingb. Multiprocessingc. Symmetric multiprocessing (SMP)d. None of the aboveQUESTIONS2.1，2.3，2.4，2.7，2.10PROBLEMS2.1，2.2，2.3，2.4。
linux操作系统期末考试试题及答案
linux操作系统期末考试试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 以下哪个命令可以查看Linux系统的发行版信息？A. cat /etc/issueB. cat /etc/redhat-releaseC. cat /etc/debian_versionD. lsb_release -a答案：A2. 在Linux系统中，以下哪个命令可以用来查看文件权限？A. ls -lB. ls -aC. ls -rD. ls -t答案：A3. 以下哪个命令用于创建一个新的用户？A. useraddB. userdelC. groupaddD. groupdel答案：A4. 在Linux系统中，以下哪个命令可以用来查看系统运行时间？A. uptimeB. topC. psD. free答案：A5. 以下哪个命令可以用来查看系统负载？A. uptimeB. topC. psD. free答案：A6. 以下哪个命令可以用来挂载一个USB设备？A. mountB. umountC. mountpointD. mount | grep答案：A7. 以下哪个命令可以用来查看网络连接信息？A. ifconfigB. ipconfigC. netstatD. ping答案：C8. 以下哪个命令可以用来重启Linux系统？A. rebootB. shutdown -rC. shutdown -hD. init 6答案：A9. 以下哪个命令可以用来杀死一个进程？A. killB. pkillC. killallD. kill -9答案：A10. 在Linux系统中，以下哪个文件包含了系统环境变量？A. /etc/profileB. /etc/bash.bashrcC. ~/.bashrcD. /etc/environment答案：D二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）11. 在Linux系统中，文件权限分为三种类型：读（______）、写（______）和执行（______）。
大学《操作系统》试卷【含答案】 (12)
,考试作弊将带来严重后果！华南理工大学期末考试《操作系统》试卷(B)1. 考前请将密封线内填写清楚；2. 所有答案请答在答题纸上；3．考试形式：闭卷；(共20分，每题2分)1.When the printing event which a process requested is finished, transition_______ will occur.A.Runnin g→ready C. blocked→runningB.running→blocked D. blocked→ready2.Shared variables are those that ______A.can only be accessed by system processesB.can only be accessed by a lot of process mutual exclusivelyC.can only be accessed by user processesD.can be accessed by a lot of process3.It is provable that ______ scheduling algorithm is optimal if all the jobs areavailable simultaneously.A.FCFSB. SJFC. Round-robinD. Priority4.In a system, we require all processes to request all their resources beforestarting execution. This is a method for preventing deadlock to attack the ________ condition.A.Mutual Exclusion C. No PreemptionB.Hold and Wait D. Circular Wait5.Which of the following algorithm can result in external fragmentationproblem?A.first fit C. best fitB. next fit D. worst fit6.Which of the following page replacement algorithm need to clear R bitperiodically?A.FIFOB. Second ChanceC. AgingD. Working Set7.Writing commands to the device registers is done in which layers?A.Interrupt handlers C. Device-independent OS softwareB.Device drivers D. User-level I/O software8.“Device independence” meansA.that devices are accessed dependent of their model and types of physicaldevice.B.systems that have one set of calls for writing on a file and the console(terminal) exhibit device independence.C.that files and devices are accessed the same way, independent of theirphysical nature.D.None of the above9.The purpose of the open file call is to ______.A.search for the specified file in main memoryB.copy the specified file into main memoryC.search for the directory of the file in storage mediumD.fetch the directory of the file into main memory10.As for MS-DOS/Windows system, the attributes of file are stored in______.A. fileB. directoryC. directory entryD. i-node二、填空题(共10分，每空1分)Operating systems can be viewed from two viewpoints: _1.Extended Machine(扩展机器)，Resource Manager(资源管理者)2. thread3. 14. Priority(优先级)5. 4K，2206. 348ms，360ms7. symbolic(符号)1._________________ and _________________.2.If we implement thread in kernel space, __________ (process or thread) is abasic unit of CPU utilization.3.The initial value of the semaphore S is 2. If the current value is -1, then thereare _____ (how many) processes waiting.4.__________ scheduling algorithm can deal with the urgent process in time.5. A computer with a 32-bit address uses a two-level page table. Virtualaddresses are split into a 9-bit top-level page table system, an 11-bit secondpage table field, and an offset. Each page is _______ bytes. And there are__________ (how many) pages in the address space.6.Disk requests come in to the disk driver for cylinders 10, 22, 20, 2, 40, 6, and38, in that order. The arm is initially at cylinder 20. A seek takes 6 msec percylinder moved. How much seek time is needed for Elevator algorithm(initially moving upward)? _________ ms; And how much seek time isneeded for Closest cylinder next algorithm? ________ ms7.With __________ links, only the true owner of the file has a pointer to thei-node.三、简答题(共20分，每题5分)1.Please describe the difference between a process and a program.2.Describe the concept of the critical resource and critical region, and give anexample for them each.3.Will Resource Allocation Graph with a cycle lead to deadlock? Why?4.How many disk operations are needed to fetch the i-node for the file/usr/ast/workspace/mp1.tar? Why? Assume that the i-node for the rootdirectory is in memory, but nothing else along the path is in memory. Alsoassume that all directories fit in one disk block.四、综合题(共50分)1.(12分)There are 32 pages in the user space of virtual storage. Each page is1K bytes size. And the computer has 16K bytes main memory.(1)How many bits are needed to describe logical address space?(2)How many bits are needed to describe physical address space?(3)Assume one instance that the page 0, 1, 2, 3 was respectively loaded intoframe page 5, 10, 4, 7, please calculate the physical address of the logicaladdress 2,652 and 1,340(Decimal).2.(14分) One tunnel, which is very narrow, allows only one passenger to passonce, Please using semaphores to realize the following situation:The passengers at one direction must pass the tunnel continuously.Another direction’s visitors can start to go through tunnel when nopassengers want to pass the tunnel from the opposite direction.3.(12分)Basing on the Banker’s Algorithm，if exists the following allocation：(1)Is state safe?(2)If P2 Requests Resources (1,2,2,2)，should system meet the demandand allocate them to it?4.(12分) In a batch system，the arrival time and burst time of three jobs arelisted in following table (time unit: hour in decimal ), if schedule with FCFS(1)Please calculate start time and finish time of each job.(2)Calculate average Turnaround Time.。
计算机操作系统试题
计算机操作系统试题Sure, here are some computer operating system questions for you:1. What is an operating system?2. List and briefly explain the main functions of an operating system.3. Explain the difference between a preemptive and non-preemptive scheduling algorithm.4. What is virtual memory and why is it used?5. Explain the difference between a process and a thread.6. What is a deadlock and how can it be avoided?7. What is the difference between symmetric and asymmetric multiprocessing?8. What is the purpose of a file system and what are some common file systems?9. Explain what is meant by the term "paging" in operating systems.10. What is a device driver and what is its role in an operating system?11. Describe the purpose and benefits of multitasking in an operating system.12. What is the role of an interrupt in an operating system?13. Explain the concepts of caching and buffer in an operating system.14. What is the difference between a shell and a kernel in an operating system?15. Define and compare the terms multiprogramming, multiprocessing, and multitasking.These questions cover various topics in operating systems andshould provide a good starting point for your study. Happy learning!。
操作系统英文样题
操作系统英文样题TestTrue / False Questions:1.T / F – An operating system controls the execution ofapplications and acts as an interface betweenapplications and the computer hardware.2.T / F – The operating system maintains informationthat can be used for billing purposes on multi-usersystems.3.T / F – The principal responsibility of the operatingsystem is to control the execution of processes.4.T / F – When one process spawns another, the spawningprocess is referred to as the child process and thespawned process is referred to as the parent process.5.T / F – The less-privileged processor execution mode isoften referred to as kernel mode.6.T / F – One kind of system interrupt, the trap, relates toan error or exception condition in the currentlyrunning process.7.T / F – The Process Image refers to the binary form ofthe program code.8.T / F – A typical UNIX system employs two Runningstates, to indicate whether the process is executing inuser mode or kernel mode.9.T / F – The short-term scheduler may limit the degreeof multiprogramming to provide satisfactory service to the current set of processes.10.T / F – The long-term scheduler is invoked wheneveran event occurs that may lead to the suspension orpreemption of the currently running process.11.T / F – In a multiprogramming system, main memoryis divided into multiple sections: one for the operating system (resident monitor, kernel) and one for the set of processes currently being executed.12.T / F – In the Dynamic Partitioning technique ofmemory management, compaction refers to shifting the processes into a contiguous block, resulting in all the free memory aggregated into in a single block.13.T / F – In a memory system employing paging, thechunks of a process (called frames) can be assigned to available chunks of memory (called pages).14.T / F – A memory system employing segmentationconsists of a number of user program segments thatmust be of the same length and have a maximumsegment length.15.T / F – The condition known as thrashing occurs whenthe majority of the processes in main memory require repetitive blocking on a single shared I/O device in the system.16.T / F – A Page Fault occurs when the desired pagetable entry is not found in the Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB).17. T / F – Double buffering refers to the concept ofusing two buffers to alternatively fill and empty in order to facilitate the buffering of an I/O request.18. T / F – A pile file refers to the least complicatedform of file organization, where data are collected in sorted order and each record consists of one burst of data.19. T / F – In the general indexed file structure, thereare no key fields and variable-length records are allowed.20. T / F – Typically, an interactive user or a processhas associated with it a current directory, oftenreferred to as the working directory.21. T / F – In a uniprocessor machine, concurrent processescannot be overlapped; they can only be interleaved.22. T / F –In indirect addressing, as applied to message passing,messages are sent to a temporary shared data structuretypically known as a mailbox.23. T / F – Deadlock can be defined as the periodic blocking of aset of processes that either compete for system resources or communicate with each other.24. T / F – A reusable resource is one that can be safely used byonly one process at a time and is not depleted by that use.Multiple Choice Questions:1.A primary objective of an operating system is:a.Convenienceb.Efficiencyc.Ability to evolved.All of the above2.The operating system provides many types of servicesto end-users, programmers and system designers,including:a.Built-in user applicationsb.Error detection and responsec.Relational database capabilities with the internalfile systemd.All of the above3.The behavior of a processor can be characterized by examining:a.A single process traceb.Multiple process tracesc.The interleaving of the process tracesd.All of the above4.There are a number of conditions that can lead to process termination, including:a.Normal completionb.Bounds violationc.Parent terminationd.All of the above5.A Memory Table is an O/S control structure that is used by the O/S to:a.Manage I/O devicesb.Manage processesc.Provide information about system filesd.None of the above6.The type of scheduling that involves the decision to adda process to those that are at least partially in main memory and therefore available for execution is referred to as:a.Long-term schedulingb.Medium-term schedulingc.I/O schedulingd.None of the above7.In terms of frequency of execution, the short-term scheduler is usually the one that executes:a.Most frequentlyb.Least frequentlyc.About the same as the other schedulersd.None of the above8.A problem with the largely obsolete Fixed Partitioningmemory management technique is that of:a.Allowing only a fixed number of Processesb.Inefficient use of memoryc.Internal fragmentationd.All of the above9.An actual location in main memory is called a(n):a.Relative addressb.Logical addressc.Absolute addressd.None of the above10.The situation that occurs when the desired page tableentry is not found in the Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB) is called a:a.TLB missb.TLB hitc.Page faultd.None of the above11.In a combined paging/segmentation system, a user’saddress space is broken up into a number of:a.Segments or pages, at the discretion of theprogrammerb.Fixed-size pages, which are in turn broken downinto variable-sized segmentsc.Variable-sized Segments, which are in turnbroken down into fixed-size pagesd.All of the above12. An example of a block-oriented I/O device is:a. CD-ROMb. Printerc. Modemd. All of the above13. Sequential files are optimal in scenariosinvolving:a. Applications that require frequent queriesb. Applications that require the processing ofall records in the filec. Applications that require infrequent updatesd. All of the above14. In a tree-structured directory, the series ofdirectory names that culminates in a file name is referred to as the:a. Pathnameb. Working directoryc. Symbolic named. None of the above15. In order to implement mutual exclusion on a critical resourcefor competing processes, only one program at a time should be allowed:a. In the critical section of the programb. To perform message passingc. To Exhibit cooperationd. None of the above16. A resource that can be created and destroyed is called a:a. Reusable resourceb. Producible resourcec. Consumable resourced. All of the above17. A condition of policy that must be present for a deadlock tobe possible is:a. Mutual exclusionb. Hold and waitc. No preemptiond. All of the above18. In deadlocked process recovery, selection criteria forchoosing a particular process to abort or rollback includes designating the process with the:a. Most estimated time remainingb. Lowest priorityc. Least total resources allocated so fard. All of the aboveFill-In-The-Blank Questions:1. The portion of the operating system that selectsthe next process to run is called the_______________.2. When the O/S creates a process at the explicitrequest of an existing process, the action isreferred to as _______________________.3. A process that cannot execute until some eventoccurs is said to be in the _______________ state.4. In a system that implements two suspend states,a process that has been swapped out of mainmemory and into secondary memory and that isalso awaiting an event is in the________/________ state.5. The task of assigning processes to the processoror processors over time, in a way that meetssystem objectives is called _______________.6. _______________-term scheduling is part of thesystem swapping function.7. _______________ is a scheduling policy in whichthe process with the shortest expectedprocessing time is selected next, but there is nopreemption.8.The task of subdividing memory between the O/S andprocesses is performed automatically by the O/S and iscalled ___________________.9.The phenomenon, in which there is wasted spaceinternal to a partition due to the fact that the block ofdata loaded is smaller than the partition, is referred to as ___________________.10.In the Dynamic Partitioning technique of memorymanagement, the process of shifting processes so they occupy a single contiguous block in memory is called ___________________.11.In a system that employs a paging memorymanagement scheme, the ___________________ shows the frame location for each page of the process.12.The situation where the processor spends most of itstime swapping process pieces rather than executinginstructions is called _______________.13.Most virtual memory schemes make use of a specialhigh-speed cache for page table entries, called a_______________.14. The term _______________ refers to the speedwith which data moves to and from the individual I/O device.15. A hard drive is an example of a_______________-oriented I/O device.16. The disk scheduling algorithm that implementsexactly 2 subqueues in a measure to avoid theproblem of “arm stickiness” is the_________________ policy.17. The file directory information element that holdsinformation such as the permitted actions on the file (e.g., reading, writing, executing, etc.) is the ______________ information element.18. Typically, an interactive user or a process hasassociated with it a current directory, oftenreferred to as the ______________.19. The data structure or table that is used to keeptrack of the portions assigned to a file is referred to as a ______________.20. UNIX employs ______________, which is acontrol structure that contains the keyinformation needed by the operating system for a particular file.21. The situation where Process 1 (P1) holds Resource 1 (R1),while P2 holds R2, and P1 needs R2 to complete and P2needs R1 to complete is referred to as _______________.22. When only one process is allowed in its critical code sectionat a time, then _______________ is enforced.23. A monitor supports _____________ by the use of conditionvariables that are contained within the monitor and accessible only within the monitor.24. All deadlocks involve conflicting needs for resources by_________ or more processes.。
OS期末考试题及答案
OS期末考试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 在操作系统中，进程和程序的主要区别在于（）。
A. 进程是动态的，程序是静态的B. 进程是静态的，程序是动态的C. 进程和程序没有区别D. 进程和程序是同一回事答案：A2. 操作系统的主要功能不包括（）。
A. 进程管理B. 存储管理C. 文件管理D. 数据加密答案：D3. 在分页存储管理中，页表的作用是（）。
A. 存储文件B. 存储设备驱动程序C. 存储进程信息D. 实现逻辑地址到物理地址的转换答案：D4. 死锁产生的四个必要条件中不包括（）。
A. 互斥条件B. 占有和等待条件C. 不可剥夺条件D. 资源不足条件答案：D5. 操作系统中，文件的逻辑结构不包括（）。
A. 顺序结构B. 索引结构C. 链式结构D. 物理结构答案：D6. 操作系统中，进程调度算法中，（）算法可以保证长作业不会饿死。
A. 先来先服务B. 短作业优先C. 轮转D. 优先级答案：B7. 在操作系统中，虚拟存储器的主要目的是（）。
A. 提高CPU的利用率B. 提高I/O设备的利用率C. 提供更大的逻辑地址空间D. 提高内存的利用率答案：C8. 在操作系统中，设备驱动程序的作用是（）。
A. 控制CPUB. 控制内存C. 控制I/O设备D. 控制文件系统答案：C9. 操作系统中，进程同步机制不包括（）。
A. 信号量B. 互斥锁C. 消息队列D. 共享内存答案：D10. 在操作系统中，文件系统的主要功能不包括（）。
A. 文件存储B. 文件共享C. 文件保护D. 进程调度答案：D二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. 操作系统是计算机系统中的___________软件。
答案：系统2. 进程的三种基本状态包括就绪、运行和___________。
答案：阻塞3. 在操作系统中，___________是一种用于进程同步的高级通信机制。
答案：信号量4. 操作系统中的___________机制允许多个进程共享同一段内存。
《操作系统》试题及答案
《操作系统》试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 下列哪个操作系统不是分时系统？A. UnixB. LinuxC. Windows 98D. Windows Server答案：C2. 下列关于进程的说法，错误的是：A. 进程是系统进行资源分配和调度的一个独立单位B. 进程和线程是同一个概念C. 进程具有并发性、异步性和独立性D. 进程可以拥有多个线程答案：B3. 在操作系统中，下列哪个调度算法可能导致“饥饿”现象？A. 先来先服务（FCFS）B. 短作业优先（SJF）C. 最高响应比优先（HRRN）D. 时间片轮转（RR）答案：A4. 下列哪种文件系统不支持磁盘碎片整理？A. FAT16B. FAT32C. NTFSD. ReiserFS答案：A5. 下列关于虚拟存储的说法，错误的是：A. 虚拟存储可以扩大物理内存的容量B. 虚拟存储可以提高内存的利用率C. 虚拟存储可以降低程序的执行速度D. 虚拟存储可以实现程序的透明加载答案：C6. 下列哪种磁盘调度算法最适合磁盘I/O请求频繁的业务场景？A. FCFSB. SSTFC.SCAND. C-SCAN答案：B7. 下列关于线程的说法，正确的是：A. 线程是进程的组成部分，一个进程可以有多个线程B. 线程和进程具有相同的生命周期C. 线程之间的通信比进程之间的通信简单D. 线程可以独立执行程序答案：A8. 下列哪种操作系统用于嵌入式系统？A. LinuxB. Windows CEC. UnixD. Mac OS答案：B9. 下列关于中断的说法，错误的是：A. 中断是计算机系统对突发事件的处理机制B. 中断可以由硬件或软件触发C. 中断处理程序可以抢占CPU的执行权D. 中断处理程序可以无限循环执行答案：D10. 在操作系统中，下列哪个功能不属于进程管理？A. 进程创建与撤销B. 进程调度C. 进程同步与互斥D. 文件系统管理答案：D二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. 操作系统的主要功能包括进程管理、存储管理、文件管理和________管理。
操作系统答案(全)
[英文原版]操作系统_精髓与设计原理_第6版答案翻译Keys of Operating Systems Internals and Design Principles6th Edition第一章计算机系统概述复习题：1.1、列出并简要地定义计算机的四个主要组成部分。
答：主存储器，存储数据和程序；算术逻辑单元，能处理二进制数据；控制单元，解读存储器中的指令并且使他们得到执行；输入/输出设备，由控制单元管理。
1.2、定义处理器寄存器的两种主要类别。
答：用户可见寄存器：优先使用这些寄存器，可以使机器语言或者汇编语言的程序员减少对主存储器的访问次数。
对高级语言而言，由优化编译器负责决定把哪些变量应该分配给主存储器。
一些高级语言，如C语言，允许程序言建议编译器把哪些变量保存在寄存器中。
控制和状态寄存器：用以控制处理器的操作，且主要被具有特权的操作系统例程使用，以控制程序的执行。
1.3、一般而言，一条机器指令能指定的四种不同操作是什么？答：这些动作分为四类：处理器－寄存器：数据可以从处理器传送到存储器，或者从存储器传送到处理器。
处理器－I/O：通过处理器和I/O模块间的数据传送，数据可以输出到外部设备，或者从外部设备输入数据。
数据处理，处理器可以执行很多关于数据的算术操作或逻辑操作。
控制：某些指令可以改变执行顺序。
1.4、什么是中断？答：中断：其他模块（I/O，存储器）中断处理器正常处理过程的机制。
1.5、多中断的处理方式是什么？答：处理多中断有两种方法。
第一种方法是当正在处理一个中断时，禁止再发生中断。
第二种方法是定义中断优先级，允许高优先级的中断打断低优先级的中断处理器的运行。
1.6、内存层次的各个元素间的特征是什么？答：存储器的三个重要特性是：价格，容量和访问时间。
1.7、什么是高速缓冲存储器？答：高速缓冲存储器是比主存小而快的存储器，用以协调主存跟处理器，作为最近储存地址的缓冲区。
1.8、列出并简要地定义I/O操作的三种技术。
操作系统期末试题及答案
操作系统期末试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 在操作系统中，进程和程序的区别是什么？A. 进程是程序的执行实例B. 程序是进程的执行实例C. 进程和程序是同一个概念D. 进程是程序的存储介质2. 以下哪个是进程的同步机制？A. 信号量B. 进程IDC. 程序计数器D. 堆栈指针3. 操作系统中，页面置换算法中，LRU算法的全称是什么？A. Least Recently UsedB. Longest Running UnitC. Last Resource UsedD. Latest Resource Used4. 以下哪个是操作系统的五大基本功能之一？A. 文件管理B. 网络通信C. 数据加密D. 硬件管理5. 在操作系统中，死锁的必要条件不包括以下哪一项？A. 互斥条件B. 请求和保持条件C. 不剥夺条件D. 循环等待条件6. 以下哪个是操作系统中的设备管理功能？A. 内存管理B. 进程调度C. I/O设备管理D. 文件系统7. 以下哪个是操作系统的调度算法？A. 优先级调度B. 堆栈调度C. 队列调度D. 链表调度8. 在操作系统中，虚拟内存技术的主要作用是什么？A. 提高CPU利用率B. 增加物理内存容量C. 允许程序运行在比实际物理内存大的地址空间D. 减少磁盘I/O操作9. 以下哪个是操作系统的文件系统功能？A. 文件创建、删除和修改B. 进程创建和管理C. 内存分配和回收D. 设备驱动和控制10. 在操作系统中，以下哪个是用户态和内核态的区别？A. 用户态可以访问所有硬件资源B. 内核态可以执行系统调用C. 用户态是操作系统的运行模式D. 内核态是应用程序的运行模式二、简答题（每题10分，共30分）1. 简述操作系统的进程调度策略有哪些，并说明它们的特点。
操作系统的进程调度策略主要包括先来先服务（FCFS）、短作业优先（SJF）、优先级调度、时间片轮转（RR）等。
FCFS是最简单的调度策略，按照进程到达的顺序进行调度，优点是公平，但可能导致较长作业的等待时间较长。
英文版计算机试题及答案
英文版计算机试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. Which of the following is not a function of an operating system?A. Process managementB. Memory managementC. Data storageD. File management2. In a computer network, what does the term "bandwidth" refer to?A. The width of the network cableB. The maximum rate of data transferC. The number of users connectedD. The speed of the network processor3. What is the primary purpose of a firewall?A. To prevent unauthorized access to a networkB. To encrypt dataC. To manage network trafficD. To store user passwords4. Which of the following is a type of software used for creating and editing documents?A. Spreadsheet softwareB. Database softwareC. Word processing softwareD. Graphics software5. What is the term used to describe the process of converting data from one format to another?A. Data migrationB. Data transformationC. Data conversionD. Data translation6. What does the acronym "CPU" stand for in computing?A. Central Processing UnitB. Central Processing UnitC. Computer Processing UnitD. Computing Processing Unit7. What is the function of a router in a network?A. To connect multiple networksB. To store dataC. To provide power to devicesD. To print documents8. What is the process of finding and fixing errors in software called?A. DebuggingB. PatchingC. UpdatingD. Patching9. Which of the following is a type of computer virus that replicates itself by attaching to other programs?A. TrojanB. WormC. RansomwareD. Spyware10. What is the term for the graphical representation of data on a computer screen?A. Data visualizationB. Data representationC. Data graphingD. Data mapping二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. The _________ is the primary memory used by a computer to store data and instructions that are currently being processed.2. A _________ is a type of software that allows users to create and edit images.3. The process of converting analog signals to digital signals is known as _________.4. A _________ is a collection of data stored in a structured format.5. The _________ is a hardware component that connects a computer to a network.6. In computer programming, a _________ is a sequence of statements that perform a specific task.7. The _________ is a type of malware that hides its presence and waits for a trigger to activate.8. A _________ is a type of software that is designed to protect a computer from unauthorized access.9. The _________ is the process of organizing and managing data in a database.10. A _________ is a type of software that allows users tocreate and edit spreadsheets.三、简答题（每题10分，共30分）1. Describe the role of a server in a computer network.2. Explain the difference between a compiler and an interpreter in programming.3. Discuss the importance of data backup and recovery in a computing environment.四、编程题（每题15分，共30分）1. Write a simple program in Python that calculates the factorial of a given number.2. Create a function in Java that takes an array of integers and returns the largest number in the array.答案：一、选择题1. C2. B3. A4. C5. C6. A7. A8. A9. B10. A二、填空题1. RAM (Random Access Memory)2. Graphics software3. Analog-to-digital conversion4. Database5. Network interface card (NIC)6. Function or procedure7. Trojan8. Antivirus software9. Database management10. Spreadsheet software三、简答题1. A server in a computer network is a powerful computer or system that manages network resources, including hardware and software, and provides services to other computers on the network, such as file storage, web hosting, and print services.2. A compiler is a program that translates source codewritten in a programming language into machine code that a computer can execute. An interpreter, on the other hand, reads and executes the source code line by line without the need for a separate compilation step.3. Data backup and recovery are crucial in a computing environment to prevent data loss due to hardware failure, software bugs, or malicious attacks. Regular backups ensure that data can be restored to a previous state in case of corruption or deletion.四、编程题1. Python Program for Factorial Calculation:```pythondef factorial(n):if n == 0:return 1 else:。
linux操作系统期末考试题及答案
linux操作系统期末考试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. Linux操作系统的内核作者是谁？A. Linus TorvaldsB. Dennis RitchieC. Ken ThompsonD. Bill Gates答案：A2. 在Linux系统中，哪个命令用于查看当前目录下的文件和文件夹？A. lsB. pwdC. cdD. mkdir答案：A3. Linux系统中，文件权限的表示方法中，'r'代表什么？A. 读B. 写C. 执行D. 所有权限答案：A4. 在Linux中，以下哪个命令用于下载文件？A. wgetB. getC. fetchD. pull答案：A5. 在Linux系统中，哪个命令用于查看当前系统的运行时间和平均负载？A. uptimeB. loadC. timeD. duration答案：A6. Linux系统中，如何查看当前登录用户？A. whoB. userC. loginD. users答案：A7. 在Linux中，哪个命令用于查看当前路径？A. pathB. pwdC. cdD. ls答案：B8. 在Linux系统中，以下哪个命令用于创建一个新文件夹？A. mkdirB. makedirC. newdirD. create答案：A9. Linux系统中，哪个命令用于查看当前系统的磁盘使用情况？A. dfB. diskC. diskusageD. space答案：A10. 在Linux中，哪个命令用于查看当前路径下的隐藏文件？A. ls -aB. ls -hC. ls -lD. ls -d答案：A二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. 在Linux系统中，文件的权限通常由三组数字表示，分别代表______、______和______的权限。
答案：所有者、组、其他2. 在Linux中，使用______命令可以查看当前系统的版本信息。
答案：uname -a3. Linux系统中，______命令用于解压tar.gz文件。
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矿产资源开发利用方案编写内容要求及审查大纲
矿产资源开发利用方案编写内容要求及《矿产资源开发利用方案》审查大纲一、概述
㈠矿区位置、隶属关系和企业性质。
如为改扩建矿山, 应说明矿山现状、
特点及存在的主要问题。
㈡编制依据
(1简述项目前期工作进展情况及与有关方面对项目的意向性协议情况。
(2 列出开发利用方案编制所依据的主要基础性资料的名称。
如经储量管理部门认定的矿区地质勘探报告、选矿试验报告、加工利用试验报告、工程地质初评资料、矿区水文资料和供水资料等。
对改、扩建矿山应有生产实际资料, 如矿山总平面现状图、矿床开拓系统图、采场现状图和主要采选设备清单等。
二、矿产品需求现状和预测
㈠该矿产在国内需求情况和市场供应情况
1、矿产品现状及加工利用趋向。
2、国内近、远期的需求量及主要销向预测。
㈡产品价格分析
1、国内矿产品价格现状。
2、矿产品价格稳定性及变化趋势。
三、矿产资源概况
㈠矿区总体概况
1、矿区总体规划情况。
2、矿区矿产资源概况。
3、该设计与矿区总体开发的关系。
㈡该设计项目的资源概况
1、矿床地质及构造特征。
2、矿床开采技术条件及水文地质条件。