With独立主格结构大全

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with引导的独立主格结构非常活跃，虽然它在句子 中只作状语，但是可以表示伴随、方式、原因、
结果等各种复杂的情况。
• 一、句法结构
• 1． with ＋名词（代词）＋介词短语 1）He sat there thinking, with his head in his hand．他双手抱着头，坐在那儿沉思。 2）The old man stood there, with his back against the wall．那位老人背倚着墙站在那 里。 3）Mary was sitting near the fire, with her back towards the door．玛丽*近火炉坐着， 背对着门。
3）He stood there trembling, with his face red with cold．他站在那儿瑟瑟发抖，脸都冻红 了。
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• 3． with ＋名词（代词）＋副词 1）With production up by 60％, the company has had other excellent year．产量上升了60％, 公司又是一个好年景。 2）The stupid Emperor walked in the procession with nothing on．这位愚蠢的皇帝 一丝不挂地行进在游行队伍中。 3）The naughty boy stood before his teacher with his head down．这个淘气的男孩低着头 站在老师面前。 4）He put on his socks with the wrong side out．他把袜子穿反了。
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• 三、句法关系
【主表关系】主表关系，这种关系主要是由
with独立主格结构中的名词和其后的形容词、
副词以及介词短语构成。
例3、 Mother looked at me with tears in her eyes.
妈妈眼含泪水看着我。
【主谓关系】这种关系主要是由with独立主格
结构中的名词和其后的现在分词构成。
With独立主格结构大全
独立主格结构（Independent Genitive）有 两部分组成，前一部份是名词或者代词， 后一部分是非谓语动词(不定式、动名词 和分词)或形容词、副词、或介词短语。 前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系。独立主格 结构在句中做状语，多用于书面语。 独 立主格结构本身不是句子，在句子中作状 语，表示时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的 等。
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• 2． with ＋名词（代词）＋形容词 1）He stared at his friend with his mouth wide open．他张大嘴巴凝视着他的朋友。 2）The man raised his head with eyes full of wonder and mystery．这人抬起头来，眼里充 满了好奇。
例4、 With night coming on, we started for
home. 夜幕降临，我们动身回家。
例5、 The boy lay on the grass, with his eyes
looking at the sky.小男孩躺在草地上，两眼望着
天空。
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• 【动宾关系】这种关系主要是由with独立主格结 构中的名词和其后的过去分词及动词不定式构成 的，前者表示“被动、完成”，后者表示“未做、 待做”。 例6、 With so much work to do, we had to sit up through the night.有这么多工作要做，我们不得 不彻夜不眠。
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• 5． with ＋名词（代词）＋现在分词 1）She stood there chatting with her friend, with her child playing beside her．她站在那儿 跟朋友闲聊，孩子在旁边玩。
2）With you helping me whenever I’m in trouble, I feel very lucky．无论我什么时候遇到 困难你总是帮助我，我觉得自己真是太幸运了。
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源自文库
• 7． with ＋名词（代词）＋不定式 1）With 10 minutes to go, you’d better hurry．还有十分钟，你最好快一点。 2）With you to lead us, our group is sure to succeed．有你领导我们，我们组肯定能成功。
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• 6． with ＋名词（代词）＋过去分词 1）I think we can leave with our heads held high. 我认为我们可以高昂着头离开。 2)The man left Japan with his heart heart．这个 人带着受伤的心离开了日本。
• 3) He was punished with nothing finished.他什 么都没有完成，受到了惩罚。
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• 二、句法功能 【作状语】 with独立主格结构主要用作状语， 可以表示伴随、方式、原因、时间等。 例1、 With Mary to help him, he is sure to succeed.有玛丽的帮助，他一定能成功。 【作定语】 主要是用作后置定语。 例2、 The girl reached a river bank with so many flowers on both banks.这个女孩来到了两岸开 满鲜花的河边。
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• 4． with ＋名词（代词）＋名词 1）She used to sit reading in the evening with her pet dog her only companion．她从前总爱在 晚上坐着看书，她的宠物狗便是她唯一的伙伴。
2）He died with his daughter yet a school girl．去世的时候，女儿还是个中学生。