代词it-one-that-用法

代词one,it,that的用法区别

1.one, it, that常常用来代替或避免重复某个名词。例如：

①I'm looking for a flat. I'd really like one with a garden.

②-Where did you find your watch? - I find it in our classroom.

③The population of China is larger than that of any other country.

2.one可指人或物，只替代单数可数名词，复数用ones. One是泛指，但有限定修饰语，如the, this, that…修饰就变成了特指。如：

①One must do one's duty. ②Mary has a red pencil and Jane has a blue one.

③The new designs are much better than the old ones.

3.that只指物，不指人，可替代可数名词或不可数名词，具有“特指”性质。指的是同类事物中的另一样东西，即同类异物。

如：The library of our school is bigger than that of yours.(that代替的是另一个图书馆。)

4．One 和that 在代替可数名词时，如果没有前置定语只有后置定语时，the one 和that可互换。但该名词如有前置定语，则只能用the one,而不能用that。例如：①I will take the seat next to the one(=that)by the window.我就坐窗口的那个座位旁边。

②I prefer the large box to the small one.(one 不可用that替换)。

5．That的复数形式those代替可数名词的复数。可指人或物，一般后面跟修饰语。如：

①Today's cellphones are smaller than those(=the ones)used in the past.

②The students who do best in exam are not always those(=the ones) with the best brains.

6.the one(ones)或that ,those 指代某一名词做定语从句的先行词时，其关系代词which在that之后，which不能省略，而在the one、ones 之后,which可省略。如：

①Their problem today is somewhat similar to that which they faced many years ago.

7.代替不可数名词时，应该用that。如：The equipment is different from that.

8..it代替上文所提到的名词时，是指同类事物中的同一样东西，即同类事物。如：

I have lost my pen. I'm looking for it.

9.it和that可代替前面整个句子的意思，而one却不能；that可引导一个限定性定语从句，代替某个先行词（单复数名词均可），it和one则不能；it可代替不定式、动名词或从句，用作形式主语或形式宾语，也可用于强调句型中，而one和that则不能。如：

①-I will make bed for you. –It is very kind of you.

②Jim said he had read my novel.But that was not possible.

③A clock is an instrument that tells time.

④The students that surf the Internet will be punished by the teacher.

⑤It is nice to see you again.

⑥It is no use calling her up.

⑦I found it impossible for me to pass the test.

⑧It was I who broke your window.

(巩固练习)

1．-You are learning typing.The computer is very useful.

-I hope to have a computer,but I can't afford to buy _____.

A.one

B.it

C.that

D.this

2.This computer is so expensive that I cannot afford to buy____ .Can you bring the price down a little.

A.one

B.that

C.it

D.this

3.-I'd like a book on English reading.-Is the book_______you are looking for?

A.one

B.that

C.the one

D.which

4.-His car runs much faster than my car.

-That is because the engine in his car works far better than______ .

A.your one

B.yours

C.that of yours

D.your car's

5.My shoes are the same as_____you had on the day before yesterday.

A.one

B.ones

C.that

D.the ones

6 .I was disappointed with the film, I had expected_____to be much better.

A.that

B.this

C.one

D.it

7.Mr Li gave the textbooks to all the pupils except_____who had already taken them.

A.these

B.ones

C.the ones

D.the others

8.I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have _____ .

A.it

B.those

C.them

D.one

9．I hate_____when people talk with their mouths full.

A. it

B.that

C.these

D.them

10.-Why don't we take a little break?--Didn't we just have _____?

A.it

B.that

C.one

D.this

参考答案：

1-5ACCCD 6-10DCDAC