高中英语代词讲义

高中英语语法——代词

代词思维流程

类型形式句法功能

主格I, you, he, she, it, we，you, they 作主语

宾格me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them 作动词或介词的宾语；口语

中常用宾格作表语

形代my, your, his, her, its, our, your, their 位于名词前作定语

名代mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, yours, theirs 作主语、宾语或表语

反身代词myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves 作宾语、表语或同位语

人称代词易错点：

1.以下情况用宾格：

(1.)在be后作表语：—Who is knocking at the door? —It’s ________(I).

(2.)在单独使用或带not的简略回答中: —Who broke the cup? —Me!（Not me!）

—Susan, go and join your sister cleaning the yard. —Why ________ (I)？John is sitting there doing nothing.

2.在强调结构中常用主格：It was ______(him) who did it. It is she who________(want) these clothes.

Sorry, it’s ________ (I)who am impolite to you, so I apologize to you.

3.忽略人称代词（主、宾格）后接名词作同位语的用法：

It’s necessary for_________(we) students to be constantly reminded of our shortc omings.

The boss wants________(you) girls to go to the ariport to pick up the company’s guests.

The monitor pointed out in his speech that_________(we) students should develop good relations with our teachers.

4.介词+the+身体部位，不能用形容词性物主代词代替the:

The policeman took the thief by________ collar and sent him to the police station.

I don’t know why he looked very angry when I patted him on________ head.

5.反身代词作宾语、表语或同位语:

Scientists have discovered remarkable evidence showing how the body rebuilds_________(it) while we sleep.

My daught often makes a schedule to get_________(her) reminded of what she is to do in the day.

I really wish parents would leave their children to work things out for_________(them).

I________(I) made the mistake about your address.

6.反身代词作同位语可以放在与之同位的名词或代词之后，亦可放在句末。

They________(they) decided to go to see it. They decided to go to see it________(they).

7.常用反身代词的惯用语：

by oneself独自地for oneself亲自to oneself独享of oneself自动地come to oneself苏醒；恢复知觉dress oneself自己穿衣lose oneself迷失方向

behave yourself举止规矩有礼devote oneself to致力于say to oneself自言自语

apply oneself to致力于help oneself to随便吃/用enjoy oneself玩得开心

seat oneself就座，入席make oneself at home别客气teach oneself自学

adapt/adjust oneself to 适应于

指示代词易错点：

1.this指后面要讲的事（启下），that指前面讲到过的事（承上）

What I want to say is_______：you should grasp every minute to finish your work.

He hurt his leg yesterday. ________ is why he didn’t come.

2.that与those可替代前面出现过的单数、复数名词，以避免重复。

The quality of education in this small school is better than__________ in some larger schools.(2015·天津高考单选)

这所规模很小的学校的教学质量比有些规模较大的学校的教学质量还要好。

The role change from husband to father, although difficult, doesn’t seem so great as______ from wife to mother.

These animals live in conditions similar to_________existing millions of years ago, when animals began making the transition from water onto land.

3.this,that可用作副词，表示程度（相当于so）

I can’t speak this well. Is the box that heavy?

4.(1.)such作为指示代词在句中充当主语（注意主谓一致）

Such_______(be)my friends who will never fail to help me when needed.

________is the power of TV that it can make a person suddenly famous.

(2.)such作定语为形容词，such+(a/an)+adj.+n.或no/any/all+such+n.

Such an embarrassing situation came up in the conference. There is no such a man here. (改错)

5.so作指示代词，代替一个句子或短语所表达的事情。

I think/believe/expect/suppose/imagine/guess so. 我想如此。

或I don’tthink/believe/expect/suppose/imagine/guess so. 我想不会这样。

——It’s going to rain this evening.