中药标本馆英文解说稿

Brief Introduction to the Chinese medicine Specimen Museum of Jiangxi University of TCM
Hello everyone/good morning /afternoon,ladies and gentlemen,
Welcome to the Chinese medicine Specimen Museum of JiangxiUniversity of TCM. It’s my honour to be here to tell you something about it. My name is Gao Na, the introducer of today .
The Chinese Medicine Specimen Museum of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine was founded in 1951 as the successor of Chinese Medicine Specimen Room of Jiangxi Pharmaceutial School. This museum is one of the earlier set up in domestic TCM colleges and universities. Through sixty years of efforts , it has become an comprehensive Chinese Medicine Specimen Museum with various kinds of functions, such as teaching, researches of science, academic exchanges with foreigns, and collection, identification, and the preservation of the Chinese Medicine, and so on.
The museum covers a floor area of 1,120 square meters and consists of two parts. Which are the comprehensive exhibition hall of Chinses Medicine that we are now in and specimen room of medicinal plants that nearby here.
The comprehensive exhibition hall of Chinese Medicine is
comprised of maceracine（浸渍）medicine, raw medicinal material exhibition section, decocting pieces (prepared medicinal herb 饮片) exhibition section and Chinese patent medicine (中成药) exhibition section. There are over 5000 bottles and 2000 kinds of Chinese medicine specimen kept in the raw medicinal material exhibition section. All these have been authenticated by experts and include some rare classic rude drugs, precious medicinal material, special medicinal material native to Jiangxi and specimen used as the TCM research objects in the state level eighth five-year, ninth five-year, tenth five-year and eleventh five-year scientific research projects. Stored in the decocting pieces exhibition section are over 310 kinds of Chinese decocting pieces prepared with special processing technique which are well-known as Zhangshu School and Jianchang School, Sichuan School. In the Chinese patent medicine exhibition section, there are over 200 kinds of Chinese patent medicine.
The medicinal plants specimen room store over 50000 medicinal plants samples, which belong to 240 families, 1077genus and 2600 species. This number is one of the frontiors among the demostic TCM colleges and universities, stored in red algae(藻类植物), which has almost one hundred year’s history, is the earliest specimen of this medicinal plants specimen room,
from which we can know the long history of this medicinal plants specimen room.
Now , let’s begin to learn the comprehensive exhibition hall in detail.
一、鳖甲：Carapax Trionycis
The source is from the shell of Trionyx sinensis . The medicinal material is mainly produced in the areas of Hebei, Hunan, and Anhui, etc.. The animal can be caught all year round. After it is caught and its head is removed, it is boiled in boiling water for one to two hours and then the shell is fetched out, the remaining meat in the shell being got rid of, and dried in the sun. The crude one or the one prepared with vinegar after stir-baked with sand can be used for medication.
为鳖科动物的背甲，主产于河北、湖南、安徽等地，全年可捕捉，捕捉后去头，置沸水中煮1~2小时，取出背甲，去净残肉，晒干。

生用或沙炒后醋淬用。

Medicinal Properties :
Salty in flavor, cold in nature and attributive to the liver and kidney meridians.
药性：味咸，性寒。

归肝、肾经。

Actions :
Nourish yin and suppress the hyperactive yang, soften and disperse the lumps.
功效：滋阴潜阳，软坚散结。

Application :（临床运用）
1 、It is used for febrile disease with consumption of yin, hyperactivity of liver-yang and deficiency-wind stir-ring inside.
用于热病伤阴，肝阳上亢，虚风内动。

1、For yin-deficiency with fever, hectic fever and night
sweating.
用于阴虚发热，骨蒸盗汗。

2、For abdominal mass and amenorrhea due to blood
stasis.
用于胁下癥块，腹中瘀块及血瘀经闭。

Usage and Dosage : （用法用量）
10~30g is used in decoction for oral use, broken and decocted first. The raw is suitable for nourishing yin and suppressing the hyperactive yang and the one roasted with vinegar for softening and dispersing the lumps.
水煎服，10~30克，须打碎先煎。

滋阴潜阳宜生用，软坚散结宜醋炙用。

二、海马：Hippocampus
A Chinese drug, the dried body of Hippocampus. It is
sweet in taste and warm in nature, acts on the Liver and the Kidney Meridians,
中药名，海龙科动物的干燥体。

味甘，性温。

归肝、肾经。

and has the effects of warming the kidney and strengthening yang, reducing stagnation, inducing subsidence of swelling.
功效温肾壮阳，散结消肿。

Indications : impotence, enuresis, dyspnea due to deficiency of the kidney, mass in the abdomen, traumatic injuries;
external use for carbuncles and boils.
用于阳痿，遗尿，肾虚作喘，症瘕积聚，跌打损伤；外治痈肿疔疮。

Dosage and administration :3~9g, decocted in water for a daily oral dose; appropriation amount for external use by grinding it to powder and putting it on the diseased area.
用法用量：3~9克，外用适量，研末敷患处。

三、羚羊角：Cornu Saigae Tataricae
A Chinese drug, the horn of Saiga tatarica Linnaeus. It is salty in taste and cold in nature, acts on the Liver and Heart Meridians
中药名，牛科动物赛加羚羊的角。

味咸，性寒。

归肝、心经。

and has the effects of calming the liver to check endogenous wind, clearing away heat from the liver to improve acuity of vision and removing blood stasis and clearing away toxins.
功效平肝息风，清肝明目，散血解毒。

Indications : epilepsy due to high fever, coma, spasm, syncope, eclampsia gravidarum and convulsion, epileptic madness, headache and dizziness, blood-shot eyes and conjunctivities, skin eruptions due to toxic heat, and carbuncles, sores and other pyogenic skin infections.
用于高热惊痛，神昏痉厥，惊痫抽搐，癫痫发狂，头痛眩晕，目赤翳障，温毒发斑，痈肿疮毒。

Dosage and administration : 1~3g , for a daily oral dose, decocted alone for over two hours; or 0.3~0.6g each time, ground fine with water to get a liquid, or ground into powder for oral
administration.
用法用量：1~3克，宜单煎2小时以上；磨汁或研粉服，每次0.3~0.6克。

四、人参：Radix Ginseng
The source is from the root of Panax ginseng C.A.Mey.. The medicinal material is mainly produced in Jilin, Liaoning and Heilongjiang provinces, etc.. Among them, the product from Fusong county of Jilin province is the best in quality. The wild ginseng is called “Mountainous Ginseng”while the cultivated one is called “Garden Ginseng” which is usually harvested in the autumn and processed in different ways : dried in the sunlight, steamed, or stir-baked with sugar. According to different processing methods, they are named as : sunlight-dried ginseng, red ginseng and sugar ginseng respectively. The wild ginseng is dried plainly in the sunlight without any processing, called “dried wild ginseng”. Its head is usually removed and it is sliced for use.
为五加科植物人参的根。

主产于吉林、辽宁、黑龙江等地。

以吉林抚松县产者质佳。

野生者称为“山参”，栽培者称为“园参”。

园参一般在秋季采挖，晒干或烘干，称为“生晒参”；蒸制后干燥，称“红参”（大力参）；经糖汁浸渍晒干，称为“糖参”（白
参）；细根称“参须”。

山参经晒干，称“生晒山参”。

入药去芦头切片用。

It is sweet and slightly bitter in taste and neutral in nature, acts on the Spleen, Lung and Heart Meridians
味甘，微苦，性平。

归脾、肺、心经。

and has the effects of replenishing the vital qi, restoring pulse and relieving collapse syndrome, reinforcing the spleen and lung, promoting the production of body fluid and tranquilizing the mind.
功效大补元气，复脉固脱，补裨益肺，生津安神。

Indications : prostration due to general deficiency, cold extremities and faint pulse, poor appetite due to deficiency of the spleen, asthma due to deficiency of the lung, thirst due to impairment of body fluid, diabetes due to interior heat, general weakness due to prolonged illness, palpitation, insomnia, impotence, uterine coldness, heart failure and cardiogenic shock. 用于体虚欲脱，肢冷脉微，脾虚食少，肺虚咳喘，津伤口渴，内热消渴，大病虚赢，惊悸失眠，阳痿宫冷；心力衰竭，心源性休克。

Dosage and administration : 3~9g , decocted in water for a daily oral dose. It should not be used together with Lilu(Rhizoma et Radix Veratri). Tea and turnip should be avoided in the course of treatment in case they affect its tonic effect.
用法用量：3~9克，不宜于蔾芦同用。

服用期间不宜吃萝卜、喝茶，以免影响补力。

五、阿胶: Colla Corii Asini
The source is from donkey hide stewed and concentrated as gelatinous mass of Equus asinus L.. The medicinal material is mainly produced in the areas of Shandong, Zhejiang, and Jiangsu,etc.. The one produced in Dong’e County of Shandong Province is the most famous.
为马科动物驴的皮，经漂泡去毛后煎煮浓缩而成的胶块。

主产于山东、浙江、江苏等地。

以山东东阿县的产品最著名。

It is sweet in taste and neutral in nature, acts on the Lung, Liver and Kidney Meridians
味甘、性平。

归肺、肝、肾经。

and has the effects of nourishing yin, invigorating the blood, and preventing abortion.
功效滋阴补血，安胎。

Indications :syndrome of deficiency of the blood, cough due to comsumption, hematemesis, epistaxis, hemafecia, irregular menstruation, metrorrhagia and abortion.
用于血虚，虚劳咳嗽，吐血、衄血、便血，妇女月经不调，崩中，胎漏。

Dosage and administration :7.5~15g ,melted by heating in boiling water, or yellow rice or millet wine, or decocted in water, or used in pill and powder for a daily oral dose.
用法用量：7.5~15克，黄酒或开水烊化，煎汤或入丸散。

六、鹿茸：Cornu Cervi Pantotrichum
A Chinese drug , the hairy, non-ossific young horn of a stag of Cervus nippon Temminck or Cervus elaphus Linnaeus. The former is habitually called “flower pilose antler”;the latter , “horse pilose antler”.
中药名，鹿科动物梅花鹿或马鹿的雄鹿未骨化密生茸毛的幼角。

前者习称“花鹿茸”，后者习称“马鹿茸”。

It is sweet and salty in taste, warm in nature, acts on the Kidney and Liver meridians
味甘、咸，性温。

归肾、肝经。

and has the effects of reinforcing the kidney-yang, invigorating the vital essence and blood, strengthening the bones and muscles, regulating the Chong and Ren meridians,and promoting pus drainage.
功效壮肾阳，益精血，强筋骨，调冲任，托疮毒。

Indications : impotence and spermatorrhea, sterility due to uterine coldness, weakness and emaciation, listlessness, aversion to cold, dizziness, tinnitus, deafness, cold pain in the loins and knees, lassitude in the bones and muscles, metrorrhea and metrostaxis, leucorrhea, and carbuncles of yin nature resistant to healing.
用于阳痿滑精，宫冷不孕，赢瘦，神疲，畏寒，眩晕耳鸣耳聋，腰膝冷痛，筋骨萎软，崩漏带下，阴疽不敛。

Dosage and administation:1~2g,ground into powder for oral administration.
用法用量：1~2克，研末冲服。

鹿角胶：a solid glue prepared by decocting deerhorn in water , then concentrating the liquid.鹿角用水煎熬，浓缩制成的固体胶。

七、冬虫夏草：Cordyceps :
A Chinese drug, the stroma of the fungus, Cordyceps sinensis . as a composita parasite on the larve of some species finsects and the dead caterpillar.
中药名，麦角菌科真菌冬虫夏草，寄生在蝙蝠蛾科昆虫幼虫上的子座及幼虫尸体的复合体。

It is sweet in taste and neutral in nature, acts on the Lung and Kidney meridians,
味甘、性平。

归肺、肾经。

and has the effects of reinforcing the lung and the kidney, arresting bleeding and dispelling phlegm.
功效补肺益肾，止血化痰。

Indications: chronic cough and asthma, hemoptysis in phthsis, impotence and emissions, aching of loins and knees.
用于久咳虚喘，劳嗽咯血，阳痿遗精，腰膝酸痛。

Dosage and administration:3~9g ,decocted in water for a daily dose.
用量：3~9克。

八、天麻：Rhizome Gastrodiae
A Chinese drug, the dried stem tuber of Gastrodia elata Bl.
中药名，兰科植物天麻的干燥块茎。

It is sweet in taste, and neutral in nature, acts on the Liver meridian 味甘，性平。

归肝经。

And has the effects of calming the liver, checking endogenous wind to relieve convulsion, to treat headache and dizziness numbness of the extremities, infantile convulsion, epilepsy, convulsion, and tetanus.
功效平肝息风止痉。

用于头痛眩晕，肢体麻木，小儿惊风，癫痫抽搐，破伤风症。

Dosage and administration:3~9g,decocted in water for a daily oral dose.
九、蕲蛇：Agkistrodon
A Chinese drug, the dried body of Agkistrodon acutus.
中药名，蝰科动物五步蛇的干燥体。

It is sweet and salty in taste , warm in nature and toxic , acts on the Liver meridian
味甘、咸，性温，有毒。

归肝经。

And has the effects of dispelling wind, dredging collaterals, arresting spasm.
功效祛风，通络，止痉。

Indications: protracted rheumatic or rheumatic arthritis with
numbness and contracture of the joins, hemiplegia in stroke, convulsion, tetanus, leposy, scabies ringworm.
用于风湿顽痹，麻木拘挛，中风口眼涡斜，半身不遂，抽搐痉挛，破伤风症，麻风疥廯。

Dosage and administration :3~9g, decocted in water for a daily dose, or 1~1.5g ground into powder and swallowed with water.
十、三七：Radix Notoginseng
A Chinese drug , the dried root of Panax notoginseng F.H.Chen.
中药名，五加科植物三七的干燥根。

It is sweet and slightly bitter in taste and warm in nature, acts on the Liver and Stomach meridians,
味甘、微苦，性温。

归肝、胃经。

and has the effects of stopping bleeding by removing blood stasis and relieving swelling to alleviate pain .
功效散瘀止血，消肿定痛。

Indications: hemoptysis, hematemesis, epistaxis, hemafecia , metrorrhagia and metrostrostaxis, traumatic bleeding, stabbing pain in the chest and abdomen, and traumatic injuries with swelling and pain.
用于咯血，吐血，衄血，便血，崩漏，外伤出血，胸腹刺痛，跌打肿痛。

Dosage and administration: 3~9g decocted in water for a daily oral
dose, or 1~3g, ground into powder for swallowing each time; appropriate amount for external use. It should be used cautiously for pregnant women.
十一、牛黄：Calculus Bovis
A Chinese drug, the dried gallbladder stone of Bos taurus domestious Gmelin.
中药名，牛科动物牛干燥胆结石。

It is sweet in taste and cool in nature, acts on the Heart and Liver meridians
味甘，性凉。

归心、肝经。

And has the effects of removing heat from the heart, eliminating phlegm, inducing resuscitation, removing heat from the liver, checking endogenous wind and clearing away toxins.
功效清心，豁痰，开窍，凉肝，息风，解毒。

Indications: coma in a febrile disease, apoplexy and mental confusion due to phlegm, epilepsy induced by terror and convulsion, epileptic madness, sore and swollen throat, canker sores in the mouth and on the tongue, and carbuncles, boils and other pyogenic skin infections.
用于热病神昏，中风痰迷，惊痫抽搐，癫痫发狂，咽喉肿痛，口舌生疮，痈肿疖疱。

Dosage and administration: 0.15~0.35g ,usually used in pill and
powder for a daily oral dose; appropriate amount for external use , ground into powder and smeard on the diseased area.
用法用量：多入丸散用；外用适量，研末敷患处。

十二、沉香：Lignum Aquilariae Resinatum
A Chinese drug, the lignum containing resin of Aquilaria sinensis Gilg .
中药名，瑞香科植物白木香含有树脂的木材。

It is pungent and bitter in taste and slightly warm in nature, acts on the Spleen, Stomach and Kidney meridians,
味辛、苦，微温。

归脾、胃、肾经。

And has the effects of promoting the flow of qi and alleviating pain, arresting vomiting by warming the stomach, relieving asthma.
功效行气止痛，温中止呕，纳气平喘。

Indications: distension and pain in the chest and abdomen, vomiting or hiccup due to cold in the stomach, asthma in deficiency syndrome of the kidney.
用于胸腹胀闷疼痛，胃寒呕吐呃逆，肾虚气逆喘急。

Dosage and administration: 1.5~4.5g ,decocted later than other drugs when prepared for a decoction.
用法用量：入煎剂宜后下。

十三、麝香、Moschus
A Chinese drug, the dried secretion in the ripe male musk cyst of
Moschus. The dried drug with musk cyst is usually called “mao musk”; the one without the shell of it, “musk kernel”.
中药名，鹿科动物成熟雄体香囊中的干燥分泌物。

带香囊的干品习称“毛壳麝香”，除去囊壳的，习称“麝香仁”。

It is pungent in taste and warm in nature, acts on the Heart and Spleen meridians
味辛，性温。

归心、脾经。

And has the effects of inducing resuscitation and restoring consciousness, promoting blood circulation to clear away obstruction in the channels, subduing swelling and alleviating pain.
功效开窍醒神，活血通经，消肿止痛。

Indications : coma caused by febrile disease, apoplexy and phlegm syncope, sudden syncope due to stagnation of qi, coma caused by pestilent factors, amenorrhea, masses in the abdomen, retention of dead fetus due to dystocia, sudden gastric and sore throat, traumatic injuries, arthralgia and numbness.
用于热病神昏，中风痰厥，气郁暴厥，中恶昏迷，经闭，癥瘕，难产死胎，心腹暴痛，肿痈累疠，咽喉肿痛，跌打伤痛，痹痛麻木。

Dosage and anministration: 0.03~0.1g , usually used in pill or powder; appropriate amount for external use.
十四、枳实、枳壳
The dried immature fruit/fructus of Citrus aurantium L. and its cultivated variety or Citrus sinensis Osbeck.
芸香科植物酸橙及其栽培变种或甜橙的干燥幼果//干燥未成熟果实。

It is bitter , pungent and sour in taste and slightly cold in nature, acts on the Spleen and Stomach meridians
味苦，辛、酸，微寒。

归脾、胃经。

And has the effects of relieving stagnation of qi to remove food stagnation and resolving phlegm to relieve feeling of fulliness.//regulating the flow of qi , promoting circulation of qi and alleviating distension.
功效破气消积，祛痰散痞。

//行气宽中，行气消胀。

Indications : distension and pain in the chest and hypochondriac regions due to stagnation of qi, indigestion with retention of phlegm and fluid, gastroptosis prolapse of the rectum, prolapse of the uterus.
用于胸胁气滞，胀满疼痛，食积不化，痰饮内停；胃下垂；脱肛，子宫脱垂。

Dosage and administration: 3~9g, decocted in water for a daily oral dose. It should be cautious to use it for pregnant women.
十五、栀子：Fructus Gardenial
A Chinese drug, the dried ripe fruit of Gardenia jasminoldes Ellis.
中药名，茜草科植物栀子的干燥成熟果实。

It is bitter in taste and cold in nature, acts on the Heart, Lung and Three-jiao meridians
味苦，性寒。

归心、肺、三焦经。

And has the effects of purging fire, relieving dysphoria, clearing away heat, inducing diuresis, removing heat from the blood and detoxicating.
功效泻火除烦，清热利尿，凉血解毒。

Indications : vexation due to febrile disease, jaundice, dark urine, painful and dribbling urination with bloody urine, hematemesis and epistaxis due to blood-heat, conjunctivitis with swelling and pain, and sores and ulcers due to fire-toxins. It is used for external treatment of traumatic injuries. Stir-baked capejasmine fruit has the effects of removing heat from the blood and stopping bleeding for treatment of hematemesis and epistaxis due to blood-heat, hematuria, metrorrhagia and metrostaxis.
用于热病心烦，黄疸尿赤，血淋涩痛，血热吐衄，目赤肿痛，火毒疮疡；外治扭挫伤痛。

焦栀子凉血止血。

用于血热吐衄，尿血崩漏。

Dosage and administration: 6~9g, decocted in water for a daily oral dose; appropriate amount of the unprepared drug ground into
powder for external use.
用法用量：6~9克，外用生品适量，研末调敷。

十六、香薷Herba Elsholtziae
A Chinese drug, the dried aerial parts of Elsholtzia splendens Nakai ex F.Maekawa.
中药名，唇形科植物海川香薷的干燥地上部分。

It is pungent in taste and slightly warm in nature, acts on the Lung and Stomach meridians,
味辛，微温。

归肺、胃经。

And has the effects of inducing diaphoresis to expel exogenous pathogens from the body surface, rugulating the function of the spleen and the stomach, and removing dampness.
功效发汗解表，和中利湿。

Indications : attack of summer heat and dampness manifested as chills and fever, headache, abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, oliguria and no sweating.
用于暑湿感冒，恶寒发热头痛无汗,腹痛呕泻，小便不利。

Dosage and administration: 3~9g, decocted in water for a daily oral dose.
十七、车前子：Semen Plantaginis
The dried ripe seed of Plantago asiatica L. or plantago depressa willd.
车前科植物车前或平车前的干燥成熟种子
It is sweet in taste and slightly cold in nature, acts on the Liver, Kidney, Lung and Small Intestine meridians
味甘，微寒。

归肝。

肾、肺、和小肠经。

And has the effects of eliminating heat and innducing diuresis, excreting dampness to relieve stranguria, improving the acuity of vision and eliminating phlegm.
功效清热利尿，渗湿通淋，明目，祛痰。

Indications : edema and abdominal distension and fullness, heat-type urodynid diarrhea due to summer-heat and dampness, conjunctivitis, swollen and painful eyes, and cough due to accumulation of phlegm and heat in the lung.
用于水肿胀满，热淋涩痛，暑湿泄泻，目赤肿痛，痰热咳嗽。

Dosage and administration : 9~15g,wrapped with cloth and decocted in water for a daily oral dose.
入煎剂宜布包煎。

十八、鸡内金
The dried lining membrane of the gizzard of Gallus domesticus Brisson.
雉科动物家鸡的干燥砂囊内壁。

It is sweet in taste and neutral in nature, acts on the Spleen, Stomach, Small Intestine and Urinary Bladder meridians
味甘，性平。

归脾、胃、小肠、膀胱经。

And has the effects of reinforcing the stomach to improve digestion and relieving emission.
功效健胃消食，涩精止遗。

Indications : indigestion and retention of food, vomiting and diarrhea, infantile malnutrition, enuresis and emission.
用于食积不消，呕吐泻痢，小儿疳积，遗尿，遗精。

Dosage and administration: 3~9g , decocted in water for a daily oral dose.
There are three schools in processing which are well-known as zhaangshu school , jianchang school, and sichuan school.
Now we are in the jianchuan school, the birthplace nanchenxian, originated in eastern period, song and yuan dynasties period reached its peak, anti-japanese war to weak, but some workers let it spread in overseas, so now is well-known in the international circulation. And experts are still make the further reseaches and develop. So it may be said that “outside the wall blossomming, inside the wall sweet”.
The international processing of jianchang style is : the tool accessories, exquisite form unique color smell, low toxicity, high curative effect. To take the longitudinal cutting knife, mainly built long face big eat, hard, energy, so thin and the form of smooth,
especially in bright color , processing can reduce the toxicity and keep efficacy.
After learning the jianchang school, let us know about zhangshu school.
Begins in the eastern han dynasty period , southern song dynasty to ming dynasty laid a foundation, gradually formed complete processing system.
The characteristics of processing is “thin as paper, blown up, cross section together , modelling beauty”, zhangshu knife light, with sharp, select material exquisite, mainly crosscut slice system. According to the drug performance and the unique style, do it for medical, medicine with a disease, and has an effect on domestic. Jiangxi institute of traditional Chinese medicine attached great importance to the zhangshu school, such as teaching, scientific research, production, etc..
If you want to known more about it, you can make a communication with the international institute teachers, I believe that you won’t miss it .
Ok ,the introduction of today is over , thank you for your attention, and welcome to here again, and if you want to know more about the specimen , you can talk with the professors of our school. Then please visit freely. Hope you enjoy yourself, thank you!。