初中英语定语从句1关系代词引导定语从句讲解练习与答案

定语从句1——关系代词引导的定语从句

一、考点、热点回顾

【词汇辨析】

1.every day & everyday

every day“每天”，作时间状语。everyday是形容词，“每天的，日常的”。

eg: She learns some everyday English every day. 她每天学一些日常英语。

He goes to bed late every day. 他每天睡觉很晚。

2. between & among

between 常用于表示两者之间，或用于表示三者或三者以上的众多事物两两之间

among一般指在三者或三者以上众多事物之中。

eg: Tom is between Ann and Mary. 汤姆在安和玛丽之间。

They talked among themselves while they waited. 他们一边等着一边互相谈话

【固定搭配】to do / doing

在英语中，有些动词或动词短语后既可以接不定式，也可以接动名词做宾语，但意思不同

1.forget to do 忘记做某事I’m sorry I forgot to post the letter.

forget doing 做过某事忘了 I forgot telling him the news the other day.

2. stop to do 停下来做某事He stopped to talk to me when he saw me in the street yesterday.

stop doing 停止做某事 Please stop talking loudly in the library.

3.try to do 尽力做某事I’ll try to get there before sunset. 我将尽量在日落前赶到那里。

try doing 试着做某事Why not try knocking at the back door? 为什么不试一试敲后门？4.regret to do 遗憾地将做某事 I regret to say that I can’t go with you.

regret doing 后悔做过某事I regret missing such a good chance of practising my spoken English.

【关系代词引导的定语从句】

（一）、定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。

定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子，定语从句要放在所修饰的词后。

如：1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman.

2) You must do everything that I do.

上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who(宾格whom, 所有格whose)和关系副词where, when、why

1、引导定语从句

2、代替先行词

3、在定语从句中担当一个成分

（二）、关系代词引导的定语从句

1.who指人，在从句中做主语

(1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One.

(2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.

2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。

(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about.

注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。

(2) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.

3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略

(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主语)

(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做宾语)

4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。

在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。

(1) The people that/who come to visit the city are all here. (在句子中做主语)

(2) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? (在句子中做宾语)

5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语

(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.

(2) I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.

whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替

(3)The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.

=The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.

(4)Do you like the book whose color is yellow?

=Do you like the book is yellow?

【总结】：

一、关系代词引导定语从句时，可作主语、宾语、定语等句子成分。如：

is the doctor who came from London.

2.The book which／that I am reading is written by Thomas Hardy.

3. The desk whose leg is broken is very old.

4. This is the room that／which Shakespeare was born in.