浅析上海长江口水域船舶通航安全状况

大连海事大学

毕 业 论 文

二○一○ 年 六

月

浅析上海长江口水域船舶通航安全状况

专业班级：海事管理2006级1班

*名：***

指导教师：**

航海学院

内容摘要

随着全球经济发展一体化进程的推进，以及航运业的不断发展，船舶日益大型化、快速化，世界各主要航线及港口均出现会遇率增加、交通拥堵的现象，船舶交通安全风险不断增大，不安全因素不断增加。这一状况，已经影响到港口、航道的通航安全与效率，甚至会造成严重的环境污染，对海上人命与财产安全以及环境安全都形成了极大的威胁，成为不得不治的隐患。为了预防和减少海上交通事故，保障海上交通安全，并提高通航效率和防止环境污染，特对通航安全与效率进行研究。

本文运用水上交通安全管理研究的整体思路和海上交通工程学的基本原理，结合安全系统工程的理论，以科学的方法初步探讨了上海长江口水域船舶航行、停泊等待等问题，列举了船舶不安全和低效通航的事例，并分析了造成通航不安全和低效状态的原因，主要通过对吴淞口VTS和长江分道通航制的现状进行调查，从而分析其对此水域船舶通航安全与效率的重要影响。本文通过研究相关的公约、法律、规章、规定，初步分析上海长江口的通航环境，将各影响因素定性化研究，同时应用了国内先进的学术观点和数据模型，兼顾了理论与实践的结合，以达到提高长江入海口处通航效率和通航安全性的目的。

本文对上海长江口水域的初步研究，可以在一定范围内改善我国内水和外海相衔接处的通航环境，以加快建设上海成为我国航运中心的进程，对我国航运事业发展有一定理论和现实意义。

关键词：通航安全；通航效率；排队论；船舶交通服务

Abstract

With the advancing of the global economic integration,and the sustainable development of shipping industry,vessels are becoming bigger and faster.The main course lines and ports around the world are facing encounter rate sharply rising and traffic jam,and the safty risk of ship increases rapidly,leads to unsafe factors increase on water.This problem will lead to low efficient and unsafe situation,even serious environment pollution.It is the worst hidden peril of human being and environment on the water. In order to prevent and reduce marine accidents,and protect the safety of maritime traffic, and improve navigation efficiency and prevent environmental pollution, we research navigation safety and efficiency especially.

I apply the overall idea of Navigation Safety Management and the basic principles of Marine Traffic Engineering to this paper,combined with the theory of Safety Engineering.The paper use the scientific research methods to analysis "Yangtze Delta - Wusongkou" waters of navigation、parking、sort and so on.to fit Poisson arrival stream of ships, systems analysis, "Yangtze Delta - Wusong" the navigation environment, navigation safety and efficiency to do their preliminary processing of data, will all affect the factors in quantitative research. This paper advanced the academic point of view and data model, taking into account a combination of theory and practice to achieve increased efficiency and navigation navigable mouth of the Yangtze Department security purposes.

This article on "Yangtze River estuary - Wusong" waters of the preliminary study, can improve in a certain range of domestic water and off I converge Department navigable environment to accelerate the construction of Shanghai has become a shipping center process, the development of China's shipping industry theoretical and