用于智能电网建设的北斗_GPS高精度授时方案关键技术_赵东艳

第37卷第9期电网技术V ol. 37 No. 9 2013年9月Power System Technology Sep. 2013 文章编号：1000-3673（2013）09-2621-05 中图分类号：TM 734 文献标志码：A 学科代码：470·4054

用于智能电网建设的北斗/GPS

高精度授时方案关键技术

赵东艳，原义栋，石磊，张海峰

（北京南瑞智芯微电子科技有限公司，北京市海淀区 100192）

Key Technology in Beidou/GPS High-Precision Time Service Scheme for

Smart Grid Construction

ZHAO Dongyan, YUAN Yidong, SHI Lei, ZHANG Haifeng

(Beijing NARI Smart Chip Microelectronics Co., Ltd., Haidian District, Bejing 100192, China)

ABSTRACT: To effectively ensure the precision of time reference of the whole grid and gradually gets rid of the dependence of smart grid operation on global positioning system (GPS), based on GPS, the first and the second generation of Beidou navigation system a tri-mode dual-channel high-precision time service scheme that can be used to the construction of smart grids is proposed, and the SOC chip implementation for the proposed time service scheme is put forward, by which not only the potential safety hazard can be eliminated, but also the troubles in product volume and cost can be effectively resolved. In the viewpoint of hardware implementation, the feasibility and advancement of the proposed high-precision time service scheme as well as the prospect of applying it in smart grids are analyzed. According to present operation situation of the second generation of Beidou system and complex application environment of power grids, in the proposed time service scheme the relatively matured first generation of Beidou navigation system is used as the main clock source, meanwhile it is compatible with GPS and the second generation of Beidou navigation system, therefore the dual-channel time service mode, by which the time service by GPS and the first and the second generation of Beidou navigation system can be independently performed, is implemented, and the time base of time service in the two channels can be combined and resolved. The time service accuracy of the proposed scheme can reach up to 15ns, namely 1σ, and the time accuracy can reach up to 1μs/h, and thus the proposed high-precision time service scheme can completely satisfy the demand of smart grid construction.

KEY WORDS: smart grid; Beidou navigation system; GPS; time service

摘要：为有效保障智能电网全网时间基准的精度，并逐渐摆脱电网运行对全球定位系统(global positioning system，GPS)的依赖性，提出了可用于智能电网建设的基于北斗一代系统、北斗二代系统、GPS系统的三模双通道高精度授时方案，提出了该授时系统的SOC芯片实现方案，不但可以消除安全隐患，而且可以有效解决产品成本和体积的问题。从硬件实现的角度分析了高精度授时方案的可行性、先进性及其在智能电网中的应用前景。该授时方案针对北斗卫星导航系统运行现状和电力系统复杂的应用环境，采用较成熟的北斗一代作为主时钟源，同时兼容北斗二代和GPS，可实现北斗一代系统、北斗二代系统和GPS系统独立授时的双通道运行方式，且各通道授时时基可实现组合解算，授时精度最高可达15 ns(1σ)，守时精度可达1 μs/h，完全可以满足智能电网建设的需求。

关键词：智能电网；北斗系统；GPS；授时

0 引言

随着电网系统的大区域互联[1]和广域动态测量系统(wide area measurement system，WAMS)[2]的逐步建立，基于广域同步采样数据可切实提高继电保护装置、故障测距装置、变电站一次设备状态监测装置、安全稳定控制系统、WAMS系统算法的准确性和应用的广泛性[3]。而同步相量测量装置(phasor measurement unit，PMU)[4]作为广域动态测量系统的核心终端装置，测量精度较高，并且其采样基于广域同步时钟，要求各类装置和系统基于统一的时间基准运行，以确保线路故障测距以及电网事故分析和稳定控制水平，提高运行效率及其可靠性[5-6]。

随着北斗卫星导航系统的建设与完善，基于北斗系统开展在电力系统授时方面的应用已是大势所趋。目前在电力应用领域中的授时产品主要以全球定位系统(global positioning system，GPS)[7]和北斗一代系统为主。GPS系统由美国军方控制，对于国家安全存在巨大隐患；北斗一代系统虽然可实现

DOI:10.13335/j.1000-3673.pst.2013.09.006