句子成分总复习

语法复习一句子成分和句子结构

句子的组成部分叫做句子的成分。具体说来句子的成分可以分成主语、谓语、宾语、补足语、定语、同位语、状语等。

一、主语

1. Mr. Chen is a well-known scientist.

2. He works very hard at school.

3. To go to a good university is his first goal.

4. Doing morning exercise is good for your health.

5. What made me surprised is the fact that he won the match.

6. It is impolite to made unfavorable comments on a person’s appearance.

总结：

主语是（是句子所要说明的人或事物，是句子的主体）一般位于（句首）。可以做主语成分的有＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿

二、谓语

1. We love China.

2. We have finished reading this book.

3. He can speak English.

4. She seems tired.

5. we do not have to put up with pollution.

总结：

谓语是（说明主语所发出的动作或跟从的状态。）一般位于（）由＿＿＿充当。句子中的谓语有＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿和＿＿＿＿的变化。

三、表语

1. I am a teacher.

2. They are on the playground.

3. My job is teaching English.

4. It gets cold.

5. the whole class is here.

6. this is how the story goes.

总结：

表语是（表示主语的身分、状态或特征。）位于（系动词之后）＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿都可以用作表语。常见的系动词有（be 动词）,还有（get ,become, turn, grow）等表“变得”的词, 和（感观动词sound, look, smell）等。

四、宾语

1. We often help him.

2. He likes to play basketball.

3. We enjoy listening to the music.

4. She said that he felt sick.

5. They are talking about the new student.

I find it interesting that America students have so many clubs.

总结：

宾语是（说明动作的对象或承受者）一般位于（）和( )之后。__________________________________可以用作宾语

五、宾语补足语

They elected John monitor.

2. We call him Iron Ox.

3. The doctor told me to do more exercise.

4. They made her happy.

5. He is going to have his hair cut.

6. They saw a bird flying in the sky.

总结：

宾语补足语是(说明宾语的性质、状态、特征或宾语发出的动作。) ______________________________可以用作宾语补足语。宾语和宾补之间存在内在逻辑上的(主谓)关系。和宾语构成复合宾语。常见的接这种复合宾语的动词有：ask, tell , want, wish , like, hate, see, watch, notice, observe, hear, feel, have , make, let , get, consider, think, believe, discover, judge, suppose 等。

六、定语

1.The black bike is mine.

2. She is a chemistry teacher.

3. The man in blue is my brother.

4. The girl playing the piano is my younger sister.

5. I have a chance to help others.

6. The lady who is wearing red dress is our new teacher.

7. The shortest distance between two points is a straight line.

8. We didn’t meet anybody new at the meeting.

9. He is a man suitable for the job.

总结：

定语是(修饰名词或代词，用来说明人或事物的品质或特征。) ___________________________________可以用作定语。单个词作定语一般位于(所修饰词前面)，短语或从句作定语位于(被修饰词后面)。形容词修饰不定代词要(后置)。

七、状语

1. We often help him.

2. I really don’t like the food.

3. He did his homework carefully at home.

4. Her mother goes out to do some shopping on Sunday.

5. When I grow up, I am going to be a doctor.