中考英语阅读和写作六大重要题型全突破---题型三 任务型阅读

题型三任务型阅读
任务型阅读理解主要考查考生在有限的时间内捕捉相应的有效信息的能力。

任务型阋读理解题所选文章题材真实可靠,内容贴近现代社会生活。

从某种意义上来说,这一题型的阋读理解实际上就是一类高水平的智能检测题——综合检测考生的阅读、理解、分析、判断跨文化交际知识以及心理感悟能力等。

任务型阅读有两种形式，一种是选择句子还原短文，另一种是排列段落还原短文。

这类题主要考査同学们对短文整体结构的理解，大家要分清句子与段落之间的逻辑关系。

【解题方法】
结合近几年的中考试题来看,考生在实际做题的过程中，经常会有不必要的失分。

因此,考生有必要掌握一些解题方法。

例如：
There are so many expressions in American English that sound pleasant（令人愉快的)but are not 1 When someone says they have to “face the music”，it does not mean they are going to a concert. “Facing the music”means to accept and deal with the punishment of an action.
2 For example, “I can't face another night of camping! It's cold and rainy. ”Or“In life, you must face your fears.”“Face” used in this way is very common.
But now, let's go back to“facing the music”.Imagine a friend asks you to take care of her beautiful red sports car. She gives you the keys and says，“Thanks so much for watching my car while I'm away.But please do not drive it. It is an extremely(极其)fast car,” 3 You want to show off to some friends. So, you drive it around town one night. As bad luck would have it, you lose control of the car and drive it into a stop sign, Bang！
When your friend returns you must tell her what you have done and“face the mus ic”. 4 It could be losing her friendship or paying for repairs to her sports car or both. Whatever the music is, you must face it.
5 To “take your medicine” means to accept the results from something bad you have done. And if someone says“You made your bed. Now lie in it.”，they mean you created a bad situation and now you will experience the result.
根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺、內容完整。

A. But you do not listen.
B.“ Face the music” is a good examp le.
C, The"music"here is the result of your actions.
D. Americans often use the word"face"in this way.
E. There are other American expressions that mean the same thing as “face the music”.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
通常，学生在阅读文章之前,应首先对备选项有个大致的了解，以便在初次阅读时与文章内容初步关联。

A. But you do not lister.但是你没听话。

B.“ Face the music” is a good example. “Face the music”就是一个很好的例子。

C. The"music " here is the result of your actions music在此的意义是你的行为造成的后果
D. Americans often use the word“face” in this way.美国人经常用这种方式来使用“face”这个单词。

E. There are other American expressions that mean the same thing as“ face the music”.还有一些其
他的美式表达与“ face the music”的意义相同。

1.如果需要还原的句子放在段首，该句通常是段落主题句。

认真阅读后文内容，根据段
落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，从而推断出主题句。

如果与前、后段落是承接、转折、因果关系等，要着重阅读前后段落的第一、二句，锁定线索信号词,然后在选项中查找相关特征词。

例如：
2 For example, “ I can' t face. another night of camping! It's cold and rainy, ”Or “In lifes, you must face your fears”“Face” used in this way is very common。

【解析】D。

需要还原的句子在句首，通常为主题句。

本题的信号很明显,如“can't face...”“face your f ear”“‘Face’used..”,很容易判断出段落大意为:(美国人)使用“face”的多种情况。

这与备选项“Americans often use the word‘face’ in this way.”相吻合。

故选D。

2.如果需要还原的句子在段落中，则该句子应该是起着承上启下的作用，与整个段落浑然一体。

答题时着重阅读该句子前、后句,查找相关的线索。

认真分析句子间的逻辑关系及连贯性，并将选项代入原文，如果前后内容连贯，符合逻辑，就能确定正确答案。

例如：There are so many expressions in American English that sound pleasant（令人愉快的)but are not 1 When someone says they have to “face the music”，it does not mean they are going to a concert. “Facing the music”means to accept and deal with the punishmen t of an action.
【解析】B。

我们需要先理解原文大意：美式英语中有些表达听起来不错，但并非如此。

有人说他们不得不“ face the music”,这并非是去听音乐会，而是要接受某种行为的处罚。

快速浏览备选项,前文“听起来美好但并非如此”后文给了一个“ face the music”的例子来佐证。

选项中哪个句子能将此两方面有机地连接起来?很明显，“‘Face the music’ is a good example.”这个句子起到了承上启下的作用。

故选B。

3.如果需要还原的句子出现在段尾，那么需要还原句子的前一、二句则是重点语句。

考生要重点阅读这几句，以便锁定关键词，同时，要将选项与前文对照，以便能选出正确的句子。

同时也应该注意，该句子也可能是段落结论性、概括性的语句，那么就需要在选项中查
找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词语，如therefore，as a result，thus，in a word等，此类选项区分度较为明显。

如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，可以考虑需要还原的句子
是承接或引出下一段内容的，此时考生可考虑所缺句子与下一段开头是否有一定的衔接，认
真阅读下一段的开头几句，看是否与选项中的某项紧密连接起来。

4.通读全文，仔细检查。

在完成所有的任务后，考生还应把答案再还原到材料中，通读一遍全文认真核实答案。

精选训练
（一）
Tony loved basketball. One afternoon on his way to a basketball game, he was walking and dreaming about playing college basketball the next year. 1．and he was thrown three meters into the air.
Tony woke up in a hospital room. When the doctor told him that both his legs were broken, he knew his college basketball dreams were over. 2．, but it didn’t work. After he left the hospital, Tony was sent to a health center.
A week after he arrived there, he met Sunny Chen. Sunny used to be a coach. His legs were hurt badly in a skating accident. 3．, Sunny became a coach of a basketball team called the Suns．It was an on-wheelchair basketball team，because everybody on the team played from a wheelchair. 4．. Tony played badly, but for the first time since the accident, he stopped feeling sorry for himself.
After becoming a part of the Suns，Tony improved quickly．5．.Tony was much better than before. When Tony became sad or angry, Sunny was there to be with him. The day before Tony left the center, he had dinner with Sunny. He asked Sunny how he could be so happy, even with his broken legs.
Sunny smiled and said, “It’s really quite easy. When you keep your face to the sun, the shadows fall behind.”
A. Tony did what the doctors told him
B. Suddenly a car hit him
C. Basketball was like medicine for him
D. Though he couldn’t move his legs
E. Sunny invited Tony to join the game
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
（二）
Always play in a safe place. A park is a safe place because there is no cars or trucks. But do not talk to strangers. Never go with a stranger into a car.
Before crossing the road, stop and look both ways. Look left, look right and look left again.
Keep away from houses or buildings that are being built or knocked down. Something might fall on your head, or you might cut yourself on broken glass.
Medicines or pills can be dangerous. Never swallow(吞下) any pills or medicines you find in the cupboard.
Don’t swim in the pool or river without adults. Wear a life jacket whenever you go out in a boat. Even if you are not in the open sea and the water is not deep, you should have your life jacket on. It's easy to fall out of a boat.
Do not put your head out of a car, bus or train. Many children have been killed by doing this.
阅读短文，根据短文内容，在图表中填入恰当的词汇。

（三）
I’m planning my summer vacation. I don’t know what kind of holiday I should have—a lazy one or an exciting one. __1__ We stayed in an excellent hotel, which had three swimming pools. It was quite expensive but we really enjoyed ourselves.
This year, Joanna is going to Greece with her parents. _2__ Ling wants us to go on an adventure(冒险) holiday in Africa. __3_ She said it would be interesting and better than having a lazy holiday because we would learn about the world around us. I’m not sure where to go.
__4__ It doesn’t mean walking across the desert(沙漠). Ling said she’d like to see elephants and lions and have some wonderful experiences. I think she’s bored of lying in the sun all day and wants to have a change. _5_ However, it is less than half that amount(金额) if I go to Portugal（葡萄牙）for two weeks. Which one should I choose?
根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，是短文意思通顺，内容完整。

A．It would cost each of us $1400 to go to Africa.
B．For me, a holiday means relaxing on a beach.
C．Last year, I went to southern Spain with my best friends Joanna and Ling.
D．So it’ll be just Ling and me.
E．We will walk in the desert and sleep out in the open.
（四）
阅读下面短文，然后根据短文内容从下面方框内的七个选项中，选择五个还原到文中。

We can't always meet lucky things in our life. Sometimes some bad things are good for our life. They can help us learn to be brave. No matter what happens in our life, we should learn to face it bravely.
Helen was a wonderful dancer. One day, when Helen was playing with her 10-month-old son at home, the building began to shake. "I carried my son in my arms and wanted to go downstairs, but when my husband opened the door, the building fell down," sad Helen.
Helen was saved the next day, but her husband and her baby son died . 1．________ The doctor said that her legs had to be cut off from the knees.
2．_______ "At first I thought I wouldn't be able to dance any more, and my life would become very hard.3．_______But when I saw that my family and friends cared so much about me,I decided that I would not let them down," Helen said. 4．_______ Later, when she felt better, she began practicing dancing on the bed.
5．______She smiled and said to her mother, "Tomorrow I will be able to walk, and before long I can dance again. "
The earthquake has taken away a lot of things, but it has never taken away the hope of life.
A. She wanted to die with her husband and baby.
B. I was very sad at that time.
C. What did this mean for a dancer?
D. And her legs were badly injured.
E. She first learned to turn over in bed without help.
F. She wanted her baby to be a dancer like her.
G. Months later. Helen received artificial limbs. (假肢) 。

(五)
Dear Annie,
I’ve never written a letter to a newspaper before, I have just never felt the need to do such a thing.
I have always felt I was quite able to do everything by myself, 1．.
Sometimes you really need help in life, I gu ess. And that’s why I’m writing this letter to you.
I have a happy family. I love my children and they love me. I’m a mother of three children. I know well how to bring up(养大) children, and two of them are already over twenty, so it is nothing new for me.
But now I have a serious problem: the Internet problem. My little son is just sixteen, and I feel he should do a lot of homework now, 2．. He can happily spend six or eight hours at a time on the Internet every day. He chats with people that he has never met before, 3．. He does lots of meaningless things on the Internet. And he sees red(大怒) if you ask him to do his homework.
I just want him to be a good student. Now he seldom does his lessons at home. I’m afraid he will drop behind in his class soon. His father is a doctor, a very kind man. 4．.
What can I do? And don’t tell to talk to him. We’ve tried that and it didn’t wor k. But this is really a big problem in our family. I have tried everything I can think of. 5．. You are my last hope. Please tell me what I can do!
Yours,
Ellen Smith
A. but he doesn’t seem to be interested in it
B. but I know I was wrong
C. but speaks little to us
D. I wonder how the Internet is so attractive
E. He never seems to be afraid of his father
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
参考答案
（一）【答案】
1．B 2．A 3．D 4．E 5．C
【解析】
试题分析：一辆车撞了Tony，他双腿骨折，很难过。

在Sunny的鼓励下，Tony重新变得阳光起来。

1．B根据he was thrown three meters into the air.可知，正确答案为B. Suddenly a car hit him突然一辆车撞了他。

2．A根据but it didn’t work.和上下文故该题正确答案为A. Tony did what the doctors told him. Tony做了医生告诉他的事情。

3．D根据Sunny became a coach of a basketball team called the Suns．即该题选D. Though he couldn’t move his legs虽然他不能动他的腿。

4．E根据Tony played badly,可知选E. Sunny invited Tony to join the game。

Sunny 邀请Tony参加这次比赛。

5．C根据Tony was much better than before.和上下文可知，正确答案为C. Basketball was like medicine for him篮球就像他的药。

（二）【答案】
1．(Some) Safety 2．Strangers 3．Both ways/left and right
4．Boat 5．one’s/your/our head
【解析】
试题分析：这篇短文主要介绍了一些安全建议，如：过马路的注意事项，乘坐车辆不要伸出头等等。

1．根据短文的标题，故填(Some) Safety
2．根据A park is a safe place because there is no cars or trucks. But do not talk to strangers.可知不要和陌生人交谈，故填strangers
3．根据stop and look both ways. Look left, look right and look left again.可知要看路的两边，故填Both ways//left and right
4．根据表格中穿救生衣，及短文Wear a life jacket whenever you go out in a boat 故填boat 5．根据短文描述Do not put your head out of a car, bus or train ，故填one’s/your/our head
（三）【答案】
1．C 2．D 3．E 4．B 5．A
【解析】
试题分析：这篇短文主要讲述作者他们计划去度假，朋友乔安娜说希望在非洲有一个冒险的沙漠之旅，而玲则希望看到大象和狮子，并有一个美妙的体验。

虽然比起两周的葡萄牙之旅少花一半的钱，但是作者还是不知道要选择去哪里。

1．C根据下文“We stayed in an excellent hotel, which had three swimming pools. It was quite expensive but we really enjoyed ourselves”的描述可知，这里是描述过去的事情。

结合选项可知应选C。

2．D根据上文“I’m planning my summer vacation.”以及下文“Ling wants us to go on an adventure(冒险) holiday in Africa.------ I’m not sure where to go.”的描述可知，乔安娜已经有计划了，只有作者和玲要去哪里还在计划之中。

结合选项可知应选D。

3．E根据短文“I’m not sure where to go”以及“It doesn’t mean walking across the desert”的描述并计划选项可知，这里指的是玲希望和作者在沙漠行走并露天睡觉。

故应选E。

4．B根据短文“It doesn’t mean walking across the desert”以及“I think she’s bored of lying in the sun all day”的描述并结构选项可知，这里指的是作者希望在海滨悠闲的度假。

故应选B。

5．A根据下文“However, it is less than half that amount(金额) if I go to Portugal（葡萄牙）for two
weeks”的描述可知，这里指的是去非洲需要的经费。

结合选项可知应选A
（四）【答案】
1．D 2．C 3．B 4．E 5．G
【解析】
试题分析：这篇文章讲述了在生活中可能会遇到幸运，也可能会遇到不幸。

当遇到不幸是，要勇敢的面对。

并提到了杰出的舞蹈家海伦在地震中失去了丈夫和儿子，并失去了双腿，但她振作起来勇敢的面对生活。

1．联系上下文，她丈夫和儿子都死了，医生说她的腿不得不从膝盖以下截肢。

可知选D。

2．联系上下文，对于她来说，没有双腿意味着什么？，她再也不能跳舞，她的生活会很艰难。

故选C 。

3．联系上下文,可知心情极坏，她当时很难过故选B。

4．联系下文,她首先在没有帮助的情况下学着翻身。

然后是Later,用来排序。

故选E。

5．联系下文,她跟妈妈说，明天她将要学习走路,不久以后她又能跳舞。

故选G。

(五)【答案】
1．B 2．A 3．C 4．E 5．D
【解析】
试题分析：作者从未给报纸写过信，但是现在她需要帮助。

她十六岁的儿子每天在互联网上花费六到八个小时，和没见过面的人聊天，做许多无意义的事。

如果让他写作业就会发怒。

作者不知道该怎么办，所以写信求助。

1．根据上文“我曾经感觉自己可以自己做任何事情”，及下文“有时生活中真的需要帮助”。

可知这里应该是个转折的句子，但是我知道我错了，故选B。

2．结合语境可知这里应该说的是儿子的作业问题，他似乎对作业不感兴趣。

故选A。

3．结合上下文可知，这里讲的是儿子聊天的问题，他与从未见过面的人们聊天，但是很少和我
们说话。

故选C。

4．这里讲到他的父亲。

他的父亲是一名医生，一个非常好心的男人。

他看起来从不害怕父亲。

故选E。

5．联系上下文可知，作者非常担心儿子上网，想了很多办法，她想知道互联网怎么有这么大的吸引力。

故选D。