贝克休斯随钻方位电阻率测井

AziTrak™ - 层界面探测
在OnTrak工具的基础上增加2个垂直于工具的接收线圈，则当工具旋转时可测量井周环境的方位信息
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© 2010 Baker Hughes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.
钻进方向的确定
泥岩 泥岩
Top Bottom Top
泥岩层从上方靠近井眼
Summary
• AziTrak provides deep-reading azimuthal resistivity
readings in 16 sectors around the borehole • AziTrak is a high level RNS service, allowing the wellbore to be positioned a certain distance from a boundary • Pre-job planning and modeling of anticipated readings are essential to get the most value from the service • Deepest boundary detection is available when the boundary formation has low resistivity and the target formation has high resistivity • Strong competition from other service companies
现场数据: 进入泥岩 – 85米的预警
85 meter warning
APR 16 sectors
top – bottom - top top – bottom - top
Az. OnTrak Image
Gamma Ray Image
Sand 30 ohmm
Shale 3 ohmm
OnTrak Resistivity
AziTrak–随钻方位电阻率测井
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© 2010 Baker Hughes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.
地质导向中的挑战
在河道砂体中导向
泥岩 / 煤层 / 粉砂岩
Rt = 1-3 ohmm 河道砂体油层 Rt = 30 ohmm 多传播电阻率 2 MHz 相位差 多传播电阻率 400 kHz 衰减 方位传播电阻率
Proposed OWC@1716m TVD
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© 2010 Baker Hughes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.
The high-end service
AziTrak 应用二：顶面跟踪
CHEVRON WELL IN THE UK SECTOR OF THE NORTH SEA
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© 2010 Baker Hughes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.
现场数据:
在油藏中钻进正远离泥岩层
APR 16 sectors
top – bottom - top top – bottom - top
Az. OnTrak Image
Gamma Ray Image
Distance to Bed
Top Bottom Top
Target Direction
Signal Strength 10 ohm-m 1 ohm-m
11 © 2010 Baker Hughes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.
现场数据:
在油藏中钻进正接近泥岩层
Az. OnTrak Image
Gamma Ray Image
伽玛没变化
OnTrak Resistivity
曲线轻微的分开
Real Time Real Time Signal Signal
信号强度变强: 再次接近泥岩层
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© 2010 Baker Hughes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.
270 255
240
外层红点：最新的数据点
225
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© 2010 Baker Hug.
模拟的AziTrak工具响应
1 ohm-m Wellpath 10 ohm-m 1 ohm-m
Top Bottom Top
Deep Resistivity Image Depth of Detection
Reservoir Navigation Services
Real-time AziTrak imaging. The answers are clear.
Scenario 3
• Land
well near roof of pay zone
Scenario 4
• Land
well near bottom of pay zone
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© 2010 Baker Hughes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.
多传播电阻率工具响应模型
泥岩 泥岩
模拟OnTrak 仪器响应
曲线分离表明工具正接近地层边界
但怎么知道边界在哪个方位 ?
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© 2010 Baker Hughes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.
LP@1905m MD
Proposed GOC@-1250m SS
Shale
双边界例子，上下均为泥岩
Channel Sand One
Break
Channel Sand Two
Gas Cap disappeared?
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© 2010 Baker Hughes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.
APR 16 sectors
top – bottom - top top – bottom - top
Az. OnTrak Image
从上接近泥岩层 (深色)
Gamma Ray Image
伽玛没有变化
OnTrak Resistivity
电阻率变小: 正接近导电性地层
Real Time Signal
信号强度变强
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© 2010 Baker Hughes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.
487 AziTrak Tool Deployments
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© 2010 Baker Hughes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.
谢谢！
TM
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© 2010 Baker Hughes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.
AziTrak 应用二：顶面跟踪
TM
工具平均距顶距离0.5m之内
19 © 2010 Baker Hughes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.
AziTrakTM应用三：危险方向指示及距离计算
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© 2010 Baker Hughes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.
实时显示
点显示趋近地层的方向
285 330 315 300 345 0 15 30 45 60 75 90 105 120 135 210 195 180 165 150
该图例中，趋近于工具的 右前方
泥岩层从下方靠近井眼
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© 2010 Baker Hughes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.
薄层识别
泥岩
井眼
Top Bottom Top
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© 2010 Baker Hughes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.
Reservoir Navigation Services
AziTrak 应用四：双边界识别
TM
Actual APR Image
D2B interpretation Signal Strength/Direction Gamma Ray
Resistivity Neutral / Density
645m水平段，工具平均距油顶距离0.4m
22 © 2010 Baker Hughes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.
AziTrak™ --随钻深探测方位电阻率
• 提供用于地质导向（层界面的探测）的深探测方位电阻率及常规电阻
率、自然伽玛和伽玛成像以及方位数据
• 提供方位并探测工具与层界面的距离（最大距离5米） • 意味着：降低实际井眼脱离油藏中目的层的风险
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© 2010 Baker Hughes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.
Real-time AziTrak imaging. The answers are clear.
Scenario 1
• Well
entering pay zone
Scenario 2
• Well
exiting pay zone
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© 2010 Baker Hughes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.
OnTrak Resistivity
Real Time Signal
信号变弱: 正钻离泥岩
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© 2010 Baker Hughes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.
现场数据:
在油藏中钻进再次接近泥岩层
APR 16 sectors
top – bottom - top top – bottom - top
Real Time Real Time Signal Signal
在地层边界处信号最强
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© 2010 Baker Hughes Incorporated. All Rights Reserved.
The high-end service
AziTrak 应用一：边界距离计算
TM
CNOOC
No water signal detected in the range of specified tool’s DOI
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AziTrak 应用四：双边界识别
Achievements

TM
A total of 395m of 8 ½" section with 258m net pay was drilled since landing point