桥梁施工中测量内容及方法

No.

毕业论文（设计）题目：_____桥梁施工中测量内容及方法_____

学生姓名____ 赵吟佳_____

专业_____测绘工程_

班级_____2011_____

指导教师_____夏自进____

2012年12 月20 日

摘要

基础设施建设中，测量是必不可少的一个环节，在桥梁施工中，从桩基施工，到承台（系梁）、墩柱、盖梁、支座垫石、挡块、梁板安装、桥面系施工中，每一个环节，测量都是其重中之中，测量的放样，模板的校核，及其成品的检验，只有精准的测量，才可以保证下一步施工的顺利进行。

桥梁施工测量的基本任务是：根据设计文件，按照规定的精度，将图纸上设计好的桥梁标定于地面，据此指导施工，确保建成的桥梁在平面位置、高程位置和外形尺寸等方面均符合设计要求。对于可利用线路中线点直接测设的一般特大桥、大桥、中小桥，施工前应对桥址中线进行复测，之后对桥址中线点进行调整，据此进行墩台中心定位。对于水中不能直接测设的桥梁或水面较宽且有高墩、大跨、深水基础或基础施工难度较大、梁部结构类型复杂的特大桥和大桥，需要建立施工平面控制网，据此精确确定谯周线长度，进行墩台中心定位。桥梁施工阶段，为高程放样，还需要建立高程控制。此外，墩台纵横轴线的测设、墩台细部放样等也是桥梁施工测量的重要工作。

本人主要对山西省阳泉至盂县段桃河特大桥、五台至盂县段高速公路清水河5号大桥施工测量的工作方法进行浅析，论文主要讲述了桥梁工程控制测量概念，以及桥梁控制的基本要求；桥梁测量平面控制的施工方法等，以及对整个桥梁施工的各种方法进行了总结和研究。

关键词：桥梁轴线；平面、高程控制；允许偏差；施工方法。

Abstract

Infrastructure construction, measurement is an essential link, in the construction of bridge pile foundation construction, from, to cap ( beam ), pier column, beam, bearing pad stone, block, beam plate installation, bridge deck construction, each link, measurement is its heavy in, test volume layout template, verification, and finished the test, only accurate measurement, can guarantee the smooth progress of the construction of next step.

Bridge construction survey basic task is to: according to the design document, in accordance with the provisions of the accuracy of the drawing, design good bridge calibration on ground, thus guiding the construction, ensure built bridges in the flat position, elevations and dimensions are in line with the design requirements and other aspects. On available line directly measuring the general bridge, bridge, bridges, bridge site before construction to midline retest after bridge site, on line adjustment, then the pier center location. For the water cannot be directly measured with bridge or the water is wide and high pier, long-span, deep water foundation or base construction difficult, beam structure types of complex bridge and bridge, need to build a construction plane control network,

whereby the precise determination of Qiao contour length, to Pier Central positioning. Bridge construction stage, as the elevation lofting, also need to establish the elevation control. In addition, pier of vertical and horizontal axis measurement lofting, pier detail is the important work of bridge construction survey.

I mainly to the Shanxi province of Yangquan to Yuxian section Taohe bridge, five to Yuxian Expressway in Qingshui River No. 5 bridge construction survey method of work to carry on the brief analysis, the thesis has mainly described the bridge engineering control measurement concepts, as well as a bridge to control the basic requirements of horizontal control survey; bridge construction methods. And on the bridges of various construction methods are summarized and the research.

Key words: bridge axis; plane、 elevation control; tolerance; construction method.