专转本英语 作文及翻译 讲义练习

4. 同位语从句 The doctors came to the conclusion that the patient was suffering from the cancer. They are faced with the problem whether they should continue the work. I have no idea when he will return They heard the news on the radio yesterday that a typhoon was coming.
定语的扩展
分词做定语 你知道来参加会议的外宾的数目吗？ Do you know the number of the foreign guests coming to the meeting. 你知道图书馆订购的书刊的数目吗？ Do you know the number of the books ordered by the library.
连接代词引导的名词性从句 who, whom., whose, which, what 哪种办法效率更高还是个问题。 Which way is more effective is still a question. 他们追求的是金钱。 What they are after is money.
3. 连接副词引导的名词性从句 when, where, why, how 这正是我们公司成立的时候。 This was just when our company was being formed. 她问老师为什么她的这个问题的答案是错的。 She asked the teacher why her answer to this question was wrong.
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2. 由关系副词引导的定语从句 when, where, why, how 2003年是我儿子出生的那一年. 2003 is the year when my son was born. 这就是我成长的地方. This is the place where I grew up.
3．带介词的定语从句 他就是那个家里的画被偷了的男人. He is the man from whose house the pictures were stolen. 在1980年,他得了一场至今仍影响他的大 病. In 1980 he caught a serious illness from whose effects he still suffers.
3.主谓双宾
可接双宾的动词：show, send, offer, lend, wish, teach 她给我打了一针青霉素。 He gave me an injection of Penicilin. 这样一个安排将会为我们省去大量麻烦。 Such an arrangement will spare us a lot of trouble.
从句
名词性从句 1. 连接词that引导的名词性从句 （if ，whether） 有一种看法认为我们可以好好利用这种平衡。 One idea is that we can make good use of the balance. 月球环绕地球转动，这是我们大家都熟知的。 That the moon moves round the earth is well known to all of us. 到目前为止，我们还不能说他的理论是否经得住考 验。 Up to now we can’t say whether his theory can stand the test.
2.主系表结构
（ 1 ） 表 示 某 种 状 态 的 动 词 ： be, stay, remain, remain （2）表示状态变化的动词：become, go, get, turn （3）感官动词：look, sound, smell, taste, feel
我们的祖国变得越来越繁荣了。 Our country is getting more and more prosperous . 很快他们对这个话题就产生了兴趣。 Soon they all became interested in the topic. 她看上去好象被这些话深深感动了。 She appeared quite touched at the words.
There be 结构 （主谓一致）
今晚将有一场会议。 There is going to be a meeting tonight. 我们赢得比赛的希望不大。 There doesn’t seem to be much hope of our winning the game. 在中国大陆和台湾之间似乎将有一场战争。 There appears to be a war between Chinese mainland and Taiwan.
动词的非谓语形式
不定式 作用：做主语，宾语，表语，定语，状语 主动 被动 一般式 to do to be done 完成式 to have done to have been done 进行式 to be doing 完成进行式 to have been doing
动名词
作用：做主语，表语，宾语 主动 被动 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done
分词
作用：做定语，表语，状语，补语 现在分词：表示主动或进行 主动 被动 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done 过去分词：表示被动和完成 done
一．主语的扩展：
动名词做主语 和他的女友一起生活了3年时间，对于他 来说是一个难忘的回忆。 Having lived together with his girlfriend for three months is an unforgettable memory for him.
定语从句
1 ， 由 关 系 代 词 引 导 的 定 语 从 句 who, whom, which, whose, that 救了我的那个男人拒绝告诉我他的名字 The man who rescued me refused to give me his name. 他制造的噪音吵醒了每个人. The noise that he made woke everybody up.
4. 非限制性定语从句 I have a brother who works in the factory. I have a brother, who works in the factory. As is known to all, English is the world language.
词组或复合结构做主语
早睡早起身体好。 Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy . 每个人每天吃一个苹果对身体很有好处。 A person eating one apple everyday is quite beneficial to health.
4.主谓宾宾补
宾补：形容词，名词，分词，介词短语， 不定式 你为什么不把你的头发染成黄色？ Why don’t you dye your hair yellow? 他们将他任命为英语系系主任。 They appointed him head of the English Department.
请到隔壁去验血。 Please have your blood tested in the next room. 第二天一早，我发现他躺在我的床上。 The next morning, I found him in my bed. 我们认为这件事情具有重要意义。 We consider it to be of great significance.
五种简单句
1.主+谓+宾 人们在南方种植水稻。 People grow rice in the south 她将她的电话号码留给你了，是吗？ She has left her telephone number with, hasn’t she? 在任何情况下，士兵都不能离开自己的岗位。 Under no circumstance must a soldier leave his post 。
状语的扩展
不定式 我和高兴认识你。 I am very pleased to have made your acquaintance. 和其他女人相比，她算是很幸运的了。 Compared with many women, she was indeed very fortune.
独立主格结构
规则：逻辑主语+现在分词/过去分词 考虑到所有事情之后，计划中的旅行不得不被取消 了。 All things considered, the planned trip will have to be cancelled 因为有如此多的医生缺席，会议不得不被推迟。 So many doctors being absent, the board meeting had to be put off. 因为天气状况很恶劣，所有航班都被取消了，他们 不得不乘火车前往那里。 All flights having been delayed because of the terrible weather, they had to go there by train.
不定式 他们的目的就是要找出一种办法来满足农 民的需要。 Their aim is to find a way to satisfy the peasants’ demand. 介词短语 解决农业问题的根本办法就在于机械化。 The fundamental way out for agriculture lies in mechanization.
不定式做主语
要实现祖国的“四化”需要我们大家的 共同努力。 To realize the four modernization need our joint efforts. 要使裁判能在比赛中保持绝对中立是不 可能的。 For a judge to keep absolutely neutral in a game is out of the question.
宾语的扩展
名词化的形容词或其他东西 医生们将重伤者抬离战场。 The doctors carried the seriously wounded away from the war field. 动名词 我很喜欢和你一起工作。 I enjoyed working with you. 不定式 I want to see you again.