完整版中学物理学名词中英文对照

初中物理部分中英文词汇对照表

初中物理部分中英文词汇对照表Ⅰ、测量(measurement)物理学physics测量measure (vt.)测量工具measuring tool测量范围measuring range最小刻度division value实验experiment实验室laboratory误差error刻度尺meter ruler零刻度线zero graduation line 长度length单位unit面积area千米kilometer米meter平方米square meter立方米cubic meter分米decimeter厘米centimeter毫米millimeter微米micron纳米nanometer时间time小时hour分钟minute秒second毫秒millisecond体积volume升Liter毫升Milliliter天平balance砝码weights游码rider质量mass吨ton 千克kilogram克gram毫克milligram停表stop watch 力force牛顿Newton测力计dynamometer弹簧秤spring balanceⅡ、运动（simple motion）相对运动relative motion方向direction位置position路程path静止rest参照物reference速度velocity平均速度average velocity直线运动rectilinear motion曲线运动curvilinear motion变速直线运动variable rectilinear motion 匀速直线运动uniform rectilinear motionⅡ、热（heat）温度temperature温度计thermometer摄氏度degree centigrade体温计clinical thermometer分子molecules分子运动molecular motion物质substance物体object状态state固体solid液体liquid气体gas物态变化state transformation晶体crystal非晶体noncrystal熔化melting凝固solidification熔点melting point凝固点solidifying point汽化vaporization蒸发evaporation沸腾boiling沸点boiling point液化liquefaction升华sublimation凝华condensation扩散diffusion吸引力attractive force排斥力repulsive force冰箱refrigerator热传递heat transfer热传导heat conduction热对流heat convection热辐射heat radiation吸收absorb(v.)放出release(v.)热量heat比热（容）specific heat （capacity）Ⅳ、光（light）光源light source光的直线传播rectilinear propagation of light均匀介质well-distributed medium光速velocity of light小孔成像image byping hole日食solar eclipse月食lunar eclipse光的色散dispersion of light平面镜plane mirror光的反射reflectionof light反射定律reflection law入射光线incident ray反射光线reflected ray法线normal镜面反射mirror reflection漫反射diffuse reflection入射角incident angle反射角reflection angle海市蜃楼mirage光的折射refractionof light 折射光线refracted ray折射角refraction angle光屏（屏幕）screen照相机camera潜望镜periscope幻灯机slide projector电影放映机film projector空气air真空vacuum蜡烛candle透镜lens凸透镜convex lens凹透镜concave lens会聚converge(v.)发散diverge(v.)焦距focal length焦点focus实像real image虚像virtual image（主）光轴principal optical axis 光心optical centerof lens放大的amplified缩小的reduced正立的erected倒立的inverted放大镜magnifier玻璃glass水waterⅤ、磁（magnetism）磁体magnet小磁针magneticneedle磁场magnetic field天然磁体natural magnet磁极magnetic pole地磁场geomagnetic field人造磁体man-made magnet南极north pole北极South pole电流的磁场magnetic field of electric current条形磁铁bar magnet磁感线magnetic induction line蹄形磁铁horseshoe magnet磁化magnetization电磁铁electromagnetⅥ、声音（sound）振动vibrate声波wave of sound振幅amplitude介质medium音调pitch噪音noise传播travel响度loudness乐音voice声速velocity of sound音色musical quality分贝decibel（dB）回声echo频率frequencyⅦ、力（force）重力gravity惯性inertia动力motive force重心center of gravity平衡equilibrium阻力resistance摩擦力friction force压强pressure动力臂power arm滑动摩擦sliding friction帕斯卡Pascal(Pa)阻力臂resisting arm滚动摩擦rolling friction液体压强hydraulicpressure作用线action-line静摩擦static friction 大气压强atmosphericof pressure滑轮pulley压力pressure force标准大气压standardatmospherepressure 定滑轮fixed pulley浮力buoyancy force气压计barometer动滑轮movable pulley力的图示force diagram托里拆利Torricelli滑轮组pulley block力的大小magnitude of force阿基米德原理Archimedes principle功work力的方向direction of force密度density功率power力的作用点acting point of force潜水艇submarine机械效率mechanical efficiency合力resultant force热气球fire balloon有用功useful work分力component force飞艇airship额外功extra wok力的合成composition of forces简单机械simple mechanics总功total work形变deformation杠杆lever斜面inclined plane牛顿第一定律Newton’s First Law支点pivotⅧ、电（electricity）电荷electric charge正极positive plate电压voltage带电体charged body负极negative plate伏特Volt摩擦起电electrificationby friction 电路electric circuit伏特计voltmeter正电荷positive charge通路closed circuit电阻resistance负电荷negative charge开路open circuit欧姆Ohm导体conductor短路short circuit变阻器rheostat绝缘体insulator电路图circuit map滑动变阻器slide wire rheostat 半导体semiconductor串联series connection欧姆定律Ohm’s law电源power source并联parallel connection电功electric work导线wire电量electric quantity电功率electric power电键key(switch)电流electric current额定电压rated voltage干电池dry cell安培Ampere额定电功率rated power蓄电池storage plate安培计ammeter。

高一物理中英文对照表

最大静摩擦力
the maximum static frictional force
力的合成
composition of forces
合力
resultant (force)
共点力
concurrent forces: If a number of forces act on the same point of an object, or their lines of application intersect at a common point, the forces are called the concurrent forces.
牛顿第二定律
Newton’s second law of motion: The acceleration of an object is in direct proportion to the resultant force acting on it and in inverse proportion to the mass, the acceleration is in the same direction as the resultant.
高一物理名词概念规律集合（中英文对照）
力学
力学
mechanics
力
force
力是物体间的作用
Force is the interaction of objects.
力的图示
force diagram
力有大小和方向
A force has both a magnitude and a direction.
运动的合成与分解
composition and resolution of motion

(完整版)中学物理学名词中英文对照

中学物理学名词中英文对照中文词汇英文对照A安培Ampere凹透镜concave lensB比热容specific heat变阻器variable resistor并联电路parallel circuit不可再生能源nonrenewable energy sourceC超重overweight超声波supersonic wave超导体superconductor次声波infrasonic wave参照物frame of reference参照系reference frame测量measure长度length串联电路series磁场magnetic field磁感线magnetic induction line磁体magnetD动力学dynamics动能kinetic energy动能定理theorem of kinetic energy 动摩擦因数dynamic friction factor第一宇宙速度first cosmic velocity第二宇宙速度second cosmic velocity第三宇宙速度third cosmic velocity导体conductor电池cell电灯electric light电流electric current电流表ammeter电路electric current电压voltage电压表voltmeter电源power supply电阻resistance动滑轮movable pulley定滑轮fixed pulley短路short circuit断路open circuit地磁场germagnetic field电磁波electromagnetic wave电磁波谱electromagnetic spectrum电磁感应electromagnetic induction电动机motor电功率electric power电话telephone电能electrical energy电能表kilowatt-hour meterE额定电压rated voltage额定功率rated powerF分minute非惯性系noninertial system 反射reflection非晶体non-crystal沸点boiling point分贝decibel伏特V olt发电机electric generatorG惯性inertia惯性系intertial system惯性力inertial force杠杆lever功work功率power光速velocity of light 光源light source感应电流induction current光导纤维optical fiberH赫兹Hertz红外线infrared rays滑轮pulley滑动摩擦sliding friction核反应堆nuclear reactor核能nuclear energyJ机械运动mechanical motion加速度acceleration静止rest机械功mechanical work机械能mechanical energy机械效率mechanical efficiency机械能守恒定律law of conservation ofmechanical energy焦点focus晶体crystal镜面反射mirror reflection焦耳Joul焦耳定律Joule law绝缘体insulator交变电流alternating current聚变fusion静摩擦因数static friction factorK开关switch可再生能源renewable energy sourceL力force力的合成composition of forces力的分解resolution of forces力矩moment of force棱镜prism连锁反应Chain reaction裂变fission螺旋管solenoidM米metre秒second漫反射diffuse reflection摩擦力friction forceN牛顿Newton牛顿第一定律Newton first law牛顿第二定律Newton second law牛顿第三定律Newton third law能量、能energy凝固solidification内能internal能量的转化和守恒定律Law of conservation of energyO欧姆OhmP平均速度average velocity平均速率average speed平衡状态equilibrium state频率frequency平面镜plane mirrorQ曲线运动curvilinear motion汽化vaporization千瓦时kilowatt-hourR熔点melting point熔化melting热量heat热值heat value熔丝fuseS时间time速度velocity速率speed瞬时速度instantaneous velocity失重weightlessness势能potential energy色散dispersion升华sublimation声波sound wave声音sound实像real imageT弹力elastic force弹性势能elastic potential energy透镜lens凸透镜convex lens图像graph太阳能solar energyW位移displacement万有引力universal gravitational万有引力定律Law of universal gravitation望远镜telescope温度temperature温度计thermometer瓦特Watt微波microwaveX向心力centripetal force向心加速度centripetal acceleration显微镜microscope响度loudness像image虚像virtual imageY运动学kinematics匀速直线运动uniform rectilinear motion 圆周运动circular motion引力常数gravitational constant液化liquefaction音调pitch音色musical quality乐音musical sound用电器electric appliance因特网InternetZ重力gravity重心center of gravity自由落体freely falling body重力加速度acceleration due to gravity 重力势能gravitational potential energy 周期period噪声noise折射refraction振动vibration振幅amplitude蒸发evaporation紫外线ultraviolet rays指南针compass质点mass point直线运动rectilinear motion。

(完整版)高中物理专业英语词汇

一、机械运动机械运动mechanical motion [mi'k?nik?l] ['m?u??n]力学mechanics [m?'k?n?ks]质点mass point [m?s] [p?int]参考系reference frame ['refr?ns] [freim]坐标系coordinate system [k?u'?:dineit] ['sist?m]路程path[pɑ:θ]位移displacement[d?s'ple?sm?nt]矢量vector['vekt?]标量scalar['skeil?]速度velocity[vi'l?siti]平均速度average velocity['?v?rid?] [vi'l?siti瞬时速度instantaneous velocity[,?nst?n'teinj?s]速率speed[spi:d]v-t 图象v-t graph[ɡrɑ:f]加速度acceleration [?k,sel?'re???n]匀变速直线运动uniform variable rectilinear motion['ju:nif?:m] ['v??ri?bl] [,rekti'lini?]初速度initial velocity[i'ni??l] [vi'l?siti]自由落体运动free-fall motion自由落体加速free-fall acceleration[?k,sel?'re???n]重力加速度gravitational acceleration [,ɡr?vi'tei?n?l]二、物体的相互作用力force[f?:s]牛顿Newton['nju:tn]重力gravity['ɡr?viti]重心center of gravity['sent?]万有引力gravitation[,gr?v?'te???n]电磁相互electromagnetic interaction[?,lektr??m?g'net?k]强相互作用strong interaction[,?nt?r'?k??n]弱相互作用weak interaction形变deformation[,di:f?:'me???n,]弹性形变elastic deformation[i'l?stik] [,di:f?:'me???n,]弹性限度elastic limit[i'l?stik] ['limit]弹力elastic force[i'l?stik] [f?:s]劲度系数coefficient of stiffness[,k???'f???nt] ['st?fn?s]胡克定律Hooke law[l?:]摩擦力friction force['frik??n]静摩擦力static frictional force['st?tik] ['frik??n]滑动摩擦力sliding frictional force['slaidi?]动摩擦因数dynamic friction factor[dai'n?mik]合力resultant force[ri'z?lt?nt]分力component force[k?m'p?un?nt]力的合成composition of forces[,k?mp?'zi??n]平行四边形定则parallelogram rule[,p?r?'lel?,gr?m]共点力concurrent forces[k?n'k?:r?nt,]力的分解resolution of force[,rez?'lu:??n]三角形定则triangular rule[tra?'??gj?l?] [ru:l]三、牛顿运动定律运动学kinematics[kini'm?tiks]动力学dynamics[dai'n?miks]牛顿第一定律Newton first law['nju:tn] [l?:]惯性inertia [i'n?:?j?]惯性定律law of inertia[i'n?:?j?]质量mass[m?s]惯性系inertial system['sist?m]牛顿第二定律Newton second law单位制system of units国际单位制Le System International d’Unites作用力action['?k??n]反作用力reaction[ri'?k??n]牛顿第三定律Newton third law超重overweight[,??v?'we?t]失重weightlessness['we?tl?s]误差error['er?]偶然误差accidental error[,?ksi'dentl]系统误差systematic error [,sist?'m?tik]绝对误差absolute error['?bs?lu:t]相对误差relative error['rel?tiv]四、圆周运动曲线运动curvilinear motion[k?:vi'lini?]切线tangent['t?nd??nt]抛体运动projectile motion[pr?'d?ekt?l,]抛物线parabola[p?'r?b?l?]线速度linear velocity['lini?]匀速圆周运动uniform circular motion['ju:nif?:m] ['s?:kjul?]角速度angular velocity['??gj?l?]弧度radian['reidj?n]周期period['pi?ri?d]向心加速度centripetal acceleration[sen'tr?p?tl]向心力centripetal force[sen'tr?p?tl]开普勒Kepler引力常量gravitational constant [,ɡr?vi'tei?n?l] ['k?nst?nt]万有引力定律law of universal gravitation[,ju:ni'v?:s?l]第一宇宙速度first cosmic velocity['k?zmik]第二宇宙速度second cosmic velocity第三宇宙速度third cosmic velocity黑洞black hole五、能量能量energy['en?d?i]势能potential energy[p?'ten??l]动能kinetic energy[k?'net?k, ka?-]功work[w?:k]焦耳joule[d?u:l]功率power['pau?]瓦特watt['pau?]重力势能gravitational potential energy [,ɡr?vi'tei?n?l] [p?'ten??l]弹性势能elastic potential energy[i'l?stik] [p?'ten??l]动能定理theorem of kinetic energy['θi:?r?m] [k?'net?k]机械能mechanical energy[mi'k?nik?l]机械能守恒定律law of conservation of mechanical energy[,k?ns?'vei??n] [mi'k?nik?l]能量守恒定律law of energy conservation[,k?ns?'vei??n]拉力traction['tr?k??n]轨道obital大小magnatitude方向direction[di'rek??n]水平horizental竖直vertical['v?:tik?l]相互垂直perpendicular[,p?:p?n'd?kj?l?]坐标coordinate[k?u'?:dineit]直角坐标系cersian coordinate system弹簧spring[spri?]球体sphere[sfi?]环loop[lu:p]盘型disc圆柱形cylinder['silind?]。

2025学年教科版物理八年级上册专业词汇中英对照

第一章走进实验室安培 ampere /ˈæmpɪər/测量 measurement /ˈmeʒəmənt/测量值 measured value /ˈmeʒəd ˈvæljuː/单位 unit /ˈjuːnɪt/电流 electric current /ɪˈlektrɪk ˈkʌrənt/分度值 division value /dɪˈvɪʒn ˈvæljuː/分米 decimeter /ˈdesɪˌmiːtə(r/估计值 estimated value /ˈestɪmeɪtɪd ˈvæljuː/光照强度 intensity of illumination /ɪnˈtensɪti ɒv ɪˌluːmiˈneɪʃn/国际单位制 International System of Units SI /ˌɪntəˈnæʃnəl ˈsɪstəm ɒv ˈjuːnɪts/ 毫米 millimeter /ˈmɪlɪˌmiːtə(r/化曲为直法 turn the curve to a straight one /tɜːn ðə kɜːv tuːə streɪt wʌn/基本单位 fundamental units /ˌfʌndəˈmentl ˈjuːnɪts/开尔文 kelvin /ˈkɛlvɪn/坎德拉 candela /ˈkændələ/科学 science /ˈsaɪəns/科学探究 scientific inquiry /ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk ɪnˈkwaɪəri/刻度尺 graduation ruler /ˌɡrædʒʊˈeɪʃn ruːlə/或dividing ruler /dɪ'vaɪdɪŋ ruːlə/累积法 cumulative method /ˈkjuːmjʊˌleɪtɪv ˈmeθəd/厘米 centimeter /ˈsentɪˌmiːtə(r/量程 measuring range /ˈmeʒərɪŋ reɪndʒ/米 meter /ˈmiːtə(r/秒 second /ˈsekənd/摩尔 mole /məʊl/纳米 nanometer /ˈnæn oʊˌmiːtər/平均值 average value /ˈævərɪdʒˈvæljuː/千克 kilogram /ˈkɪləgræm/千米 kilometer /ˈkɪləˌmiːtə(r/热力学温度 thermodynamic temperature /ˌθɜːmoʊdaɪˈnæmɪk ˈtemprətʃə(r/时间 time /taɪm/实验 experiment /ɪkˈsperɪmənt/实验室 laboratory /ləˈbɒrətəri/数据 data /ˈdeɪtə/速度 velocity /vɪˈlɒsɪti/替代法 substitution method /ˌsʌbstɪˈtjuːʃn ˈmeθəd/ 停表 stopwatch /ˈstɒpwɒtʃ/推导单位 derived units /dɪˈraɪvd ˈjuːnɪts/微观结构 microstructure /ˈmaɪkrɒstrʌktʃə(r/微米 micron /ˈmaɪkrɒn/物理量 physical quantity /ˈfɪzɪkl ˈkwɒntəti/物理学 physics /ˈfɪzɪks/物质的量 amount of substance /əˈmaʊnt ɒv ˈsʌbstəns/ 物质世界 material universe /məˈtɪəriəl ˈjuːnɪvɜːs/相互作用 interaction /ˌɪntərˈækʃn/运动规律the law of motion /ði lɔːɒv ˈməʊʃn/长度 length /leŋθ/质量mass /mæs/准确值 accurate value /ˈækjərət ˈvæljuː/第二章运动和能量变速直线运动 variable rectilinear motion /ˈveriəbl ˌrektɪˈlɪnɪər ˈmoʊʃən/ 不断地 constantly /ˈkɑːnstəntli/裁判员 judge /dʒʌdʒ/参照物 reference object /ˈrefrəns ˈabgɛkt/地面 ground /ɡraʊnd/电子 electron /ɪˈlektrɒn/多样性 diversity /daɪˈvɜːsəti/分子 molecule /ˈmɒlɪkjuːl/观众 spectator /ˈspekteɪtər/宏观物体 macroscopic objects /ˌmakrəˈskɑpɪk ˈabgɛkts/机械运动 mechanical motion /məˈkænɪkəl ˈmoʊʃən/静止 rest /rest/路程 distance /ˈdɪstəns/能量 energy /ˈenərdʒi/曲线运动 curve motion /kɜːv ˈmoʊʃən/任意地 random /ˈrændəm/速度 speed /spiːd/微观世界 microcosm /ˈmaɪkrəkɒzəm/物质 matter /ˈmætər/相对性 relativity /ˌreləˈtɪvəti/原子 atom /ˈætəm/原子核 centron/atomic nucleus /ˈsentrɒn/ /əˈtɒmɪk ˈnuːkliəs/匀速直线运动 uniform rectilinear motion /ˈjuːnɪfɔːm ˌrektɪˈlɪnɪər ˈmoʊʃən/ 运动 motion /ˈmoʊʃən/直线运动 rectilinear motion /ˌrektɪˈlɪnɪər ˈmoʊʃən/质子 proton /ˈprəʊtɒn/中子 neutron /ˈnuːtrɒn/转化 conversion /kənˈvɜːrʒən/转移 transformation /ˌtrænsfɔːˈmeɪʃn/波峰 peak /piːk/波谷 trough /trɒf/不规则的 irregular /ɪˈregjələ(r/产生 production /prəˈdʌkt/超声波 supersonic wave /ˌsuːpəˈsɒnɪk weɪv/传播transmit /trænsˈmɪt/次声波 infrasonic wave /ˌɪnfrəˈsɒnɪk weɪv/反射 reflect /rɪˈflekt/幅度 amplitude /ˈæmplɪtuːd/共鸣 resonance /ˈrezənəns/固体 solid /ˈsɒlɪd/赫兹 hertz /hɜrts/回声 echo /ˈekəʊ/介质 medium /ˈmiːdiəm /距离 distance /ˈdɪstəns/能量 energy /ˈenədʒi/频率 frequency /ˈfrikwənsi/气体gas /gæs/声波 sound wave /saʊnd weɪv/声速 sound speed /saʊnd spid/声现象 acoustic phenomenon /əˈkustɪk fəˈnɒmɪnəm/ 声源 sound source /saʊnd sɔrs/响度 loudness /ˈlaʊdnəs/信息 information /ˌɪnfərˈmeɪʃn/液体 liquid /ˈlɪkwɪd/音调 tone /toʊn/音量 volume /ˈvɒljuːm/音色 timbre /ˈtæmbə(r/噪声 noise /nɔɪz/障碍物 obstacle /ˈɒbstəkl/真空 vacuum /ˈvækjuəm/振动 vibrate /vaɪˈbreɪt/周期 period /ˈpiəriəd/凹透镜 concave lens /ˈkɒnkeɪv lɛnz/凹凸不平 uneven /ʌnˈiːvən/表面 surface /ˈsɜːrfɪs/不透明的 opaque /oʊˈpeɪk/传播 propagate /ˈprɒpəɡeɪt/垂直 vertical /ˈvɜːrtɪkəl/ or perpendicular /ˌpɜːrdənˈdɪkjələr/ 粗糙的 rough /rʌf/单色光 homogeneous light /hɒˈmoʊdʒɪniəs laɪt/倒立的 inverted /ɪnˈvɜːrtɪd/地球 earth /ɜːrθ/对称的 symmetrical /sɪˈmetrɪkəl/法线 normal /ˈnɔːrml/反射 reflection /rɪˈflekʃən/反射光线 reflected ray /rɪˈflektɪd reɪ/反射角 reflected angle /rɪˈflektɪd ˈæŋɡəl/反向延长线 reverse extension line /rɪˈvɜːrs ɪkˈstenʃən laɪn/放大镜 magnifier /ˈmædʒnɪfaɪər/复色光 polychromatic light /ˌpɒliˈkrəʊmætɪk laɪt/光的三原色 three-primary colours /θriːˈpriˌmeri ˈkʌlərz/光的折射 refraction of the light /rɪˈfrækʃən əv ðə laɪt/光滑的 smooth /smuːð/光屏 light screen /laɪt skriːn/光线 ray /reɪ/光线发散 rays diverge /reɪz dɪˈvɜːrdʒ/光线会聚 rays converge /reɪz kənˈvɜːrdʒ/光心 photocenter /ˈfoʊtoʊˌsɛntər/光源 illuminant /ɪˈluːmɪnənt/几何中心 geometrical center /dʒɪəˈmetrɪkəl ˈsɛntər/箭头 arrow /ˈæroʊ/焦点 focus /ˈfoʊkəs/焦距 focal distance /ˈfoʊkəl ˈdɪstəns/近视眼 myopic eyes /ˈmaɪəpɪk aɪz/镜面反射 mirror reflection /ˈmɪrər rɪˈflekʃən/可逆的 reversible /rɪˈvɜːrsəbl/路径 route /ruːt/漫反射 diffuse reflection /dɪˈfjuːz rɪˈflekʃən/偏折的 deflected /dɪˈflektɪd/平面 plane /pleɪn/ or flat /flæt/平行 parallel /ˈpærəlel/人造的 artificial /ˌɑːrtɪˈfɪʃəl/日食 solar eclipse /ˈsoʊlər iˈklɪps/入射点 point of incidence /pɔɪnt əv ˈɪnsɪdəns/入射光线 incident ray /ˈɪnsɪdənt reɪ/入射角 incident angle /ˈɪnsɪdənt ˈæŋɡəl/色散 dispersion /dɪˈspɜːrʒən/实像 real image /ˈriːəl ˈɪmɪdʒ/缩小的 reduced /rɪˈdust/天然的 natural /ˈnætʃrəl/投影仪 projector /prəˈdʒektər/透明transparent /trænsˈpærənt/凸透镜 convex lens /ˈkɒnveks lɛnz/望远镜 telescope /ˈteləskoʊp/显微镜 microscope /ˈmaɪkrəskoʊp/小孔成像 pin-hole imaging /ˈpɪn hoʊl ˈɪmɪdʒɪŋ/斜射slant /slænt/影子 shadow /ˈʃædoʊ/远视眼 presbyopia /ˌprezbiˈoʊpiə/月食 lunar eclipse /ˈluːnər iˈklɪps/照相机 camera /ˈkæmərə/重合 overlap /ˌoʊvərˈlæp/主光轴 principal optic axis /ˈprɪnsəpl ˈɒptɪk ˈæksədʒɪs/ 遵循 follow /ˈfɑːloʊ/第五章物态变化变化Change /tʃeɪndʒ/标准大气压standard atmospheric pressure /ˈstændərd ˌætməsˈfɛrɪk ˈpreʃər/冰水混合物Ice-water mixture /aɪs-ˈwɔːtər ˈmɪkstʃər/不变constant /ˈkɒnstənt/等份equally divided part /ˈiːkwəli dɪˈvaɪdɪd pɑrt/放出release /rɪˈliːs/非晶体non-crystals /nɒn-ˈkrɪstəlz/沸点boiling point /ˈbɔɪlɪŋ pɔɪnt/沸水boiling water /ˈbɔɪlɪŋˈwɔːtər/金属metal /ˈmetəl/晶体crystals /ˈkrɪstəlz/内部interior /ɪnˈtɪriər/凝固solidification /səˌlɪdɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/凝固点freezing point/solidifying point /ˈfriːzɪŋ pɔɪnt/, /səˈlɪdɪfaɪɪŋ pɔɪnt/凝华desublimation /ˌdiːsʌbliˈmeɪʃn/汽化vaporization /ˌveɪpəraɪˈzeɪʃn/热量heat /hiːt/热胀冷缩Objects expand when heated and contract when cooled /ˈɒbdʒekts ɪkˈspænd wɛn ˈhiːtɪd ænd kənˈtrækt wɛn kuld/熔点melting point /ˈmɛltɪŋ pɔɪnt/熔化melt /mɛlt/摄氏度degrees Celsius/degrees centigrade /ˈdɛɡriz ˈsɛlsiəs/, /ˈdɛɡrizˈsɛnstiɡreɪd/升华sublimation /ˌsʌbliˈmeɪʃn/水循环hydrologic cycle /ˌhaɪdrəˈlɒdʒɪk ˈsaɪkl/温标temperature scale /ˈtemprəˌtʃʊər skeɪl/温度temperature /ˈtemprəˌtʃʊər/温度计thermometer /θɜːˈmɒmɪtər/稳定steady /ˈstɛdi/物态state /steɪt/吸收absorb /əbˈsɔrb/液化liquefaction /ˌlɪkwəˈfækʃən/蒸发evaporation /ɪˌvæpəˈreɪʃn/制冷refrigeration /rɪˌfrɪdʒəˈreɪʃn/第六章质量和密度比值ratio /ˈreɪʃoʊ/吨ton /tʌn/砝码weights /weɪts/分度盘dividing plate /dɪˈvaɪdɪŋpleɪt/高height /haɪt/毫克milligram /ˈmɪliɡræm/基本属性essential attribute /ɪˈsɛnʃəl əˈtrɪbjʊt/ 克gram /ɡræm/空心hollow /ˈhɑːloʊ宽width /wɪdθ/量筒measuring cylinder /ˈmɛʒərɪŋˈsɪlndər/密度density /dəˈnɪsəti/镊子tweezers /ˈtwizərz/平衡balance /ˈbæləns/平衡螺母balanced nut /ˈbælənst nʌt/千克kilogram /ˈkɪləgræm/实心solid /ˈsɑːlɪd/数量amount /əˈmaʊnt/天平counter balance /ˈkaʊntər ˈbæləns/托盘pallet /ˈpælɪt/物体object /ˈɒbdʒɪkt/游码sliding poise /ˈslaɪdɪŋpɔɪz/长length /lɛŋkθ/正比于be proportional to /biːprəˈpɔːʃənəl tuː/ 指针pointer /ˈpɔɪntər/。

中学物理学名词中英文对照

中学物理学名词中英文对照中文词汇英文对照A安培Ampere凹透镜concave lensB比热容specific heat变阻器variable resistor并联电路parallel circuit不可再生能源nonrenewable energy sourceC超重overweight超声波supersonic wave超导体superconductor次声波infrasonic wave参照物frame of reference参照系reference frame测量measure页脚内容1长度length串联电路series磁场magnetic field磁感线magnetic induction line磁体magnetD动力学dynamics动能kinetic energy动能定理theorem of kinetic energy 动摩擦因数dynamic friction factor第一宇宙速度first cosmic velocity第二宇宙速度second cosmic velocity第三宇宙速度third cosmic velocity导体conductor电池cell电灯electric light电流electric current电流表ammeter电路electric current页脚内容2电压voltage电压表voltmeter电源power supply电阻resistance动滑轮movable pulley定滑轮fixed pulley短路short circuit断路open circuit地磁场germagnetic field电磁波electromagnetic wave电磁波谱electromagnetic spectrum 电磁感应electromagnetic induction 电动机motor电功率electric power电话telephone电能electrical energy电能表kilowatt-hour meterE额定电压rated voltage页脚内容3额定功率rated powerF分minute非惯性系noninertial system反射reflection非晶体non-crystal沸点boiling point分贝decibel伏特Volt发电机electric generatorG惯性inertia惯性系intertial system惯性力inertial force杠杆lever功work功率power光速velocity of light页脚内容4光源light source感应电流induction current光导纤维optical fiberH赫兹Hertz红外线infrared rays滑轮pulley滑动摩擦sliding friction核反应堆nuclear reactor核能nuclear energyJ机械运动mechanical motion加速度acceleration静止rest机械功mechanical work机械能mechanical energy机械效率mechanical efficiency机械能守恒定律law of conservation of页脚内容5mechanical energy 焦点focus晶体crystal镜面反射mirror reflection焦耳Joul焦耳定律Joule law绝缘体insulator交变电流alternating current聚变fusion静摩擦因数static friction factorK开关switch可再生能源renewable energy sourceL力force力的合成composition of forces力的分解resolution of forces力矩moment of force页脚内容6棱镜prism连锁反应Chain reaction裂变fission螺旋管solenoidM米metre秒second漫反射diffuse reflection摩擦力friction forceN牛顿Newton牛顿第一定律Newton first law牛顿第二定律Newton second law牛顿第三定律Newton third law能量、能energy凝固solidification内能internal能量的转化页脚内容7和守恒定律Law of conservation of energyO欧姆OhmP平均速度average velocity平均速率average speed平衡状态equilibrium state频率frequency平面镜plane mirrorQ曲线运动curvilinear motion汽化vaporization千瓦时kilowatt-hourR熔点melting point熔化melting页脚内容8热量heat热值heat value熔丝fuseS时间time速度velocity速率speed瞬时速度instantaneous velocity 失重weightlessness势能potential energy色散dispersion升华sublimation声波sound wave声音sound实像real imageT弹力elastic force弹性势能elastic potential energy页脚内容9透镜lens凸透镜convex lens图像graph太阳能solar energyW位移displacement万有引力universal gravitational万有引力定律Law of universal gravitation 望远镜telescope温度temperature温度计thermometer瓦特Watt微波microwaveX向心力centripetal force向心加速度centripetal acceleration显微镜microscope响度loudness页脚内容10像image虚像virtual imageY运动学kinematics匀速直线运动uniform rectilinear motion 圆周运动circular motion引力常数gravitational constant液化liquefaction音调pitch音色musical quality乐音musical sound用电器electric appliance因特网InternetZ重力gravity重心center of gravity自由落体freely falling body重力加速度acceleration due to gravity页脚内容11重力势能gravitational potential energy 周期period噪声noise折射refraction振动vibration振幅amplitude蒸发evaporation紫外线ultraviolet rays指南针compass质点mass point直线运动rectilinear motion页脚内容12。

物理单词中英对照

物理单词中英对照1. 力（Force）在物理学中，力是使物体产生加速度的原因。

2. 质量（Mass）质量是物体所含物质的量，是衡量物体惯性大小的物理量。

3. 速度（Velocity）速度是描述物体位置变化快慢和方向的物理量。

4. 加速度（Acceleration）加速度是描述速度变化快慢的物理量。

5. 动能（Kinetic Energy）动能是物体由于运动而具有的能量。

6. 势能（Potential Energy）势能是物体由于位置关系而具有的能量。

7. 功（Work）功是力在物体上产生位移的过程，是能量转化的量度。

8. 功率（Power）功率是单位时间内做功的多少，表示能量转化速率。

9. 温度（Temperature）温度是衡量物体冷热程度的物理量。

10. 压强（Pressure）压强是单位面积上受到的力的大小。

11. 密度（Density）密度是单位体积内物质的质量。

12. 摩擦力（Friction）摩擦力是两个接触物体在相对运动时产生的阻力。

13. 重力（Gravity）重力是地球对物体产生的吸引力。

14. 电荷（Electric Charge）电荷是物质的一种基本属性，表现为物体间的电磁相互作用。

15. 电流（Electric Current）电流是电荷在单位时间内通过导体截面的量。

16. 电压（Electric Voltage）电压是推动电荷流动的电势差。

17. 电阻（Electric Resistance）电阻是导体对电流阻碍作用的物理量。

18. 磁场（Magnetic Field）磁场是描述磁力作用范围的物理量。

19. 振动（Vibration）振动是物体围绕平衡位置做周期性运动的现象。

20. 波（Wave）波是振动在介质中传播的过程。

物理单词中英对照（续）21. 频率（Frequency）频率是指单位时间内完成振动的次数，是描述波动特性的基本参数。

22. 波长（Wavelength）波长是波在一个周期内传播的距离，它与频率共同决定了波的速度。

物理名词(中英文对照)

Ⅰ、测量(measurement)物理学physics误差error游码rider测量measure (vt.)实验experiment温度temperature长度length实验室laboratory摄氏度degree centigrade单位unit面积area温度计thermometer千米kilometer平方米square meter体温计clinical thermometer米meter体积volume时间time分米decimeter立方米cubic meter小时hour厘米centimeter升Liter分钟minute毫米millimeter毫升Milliliter秒second微米micron质量mass毫秒millisecond纳米nanometer吨ton停表stop watch测量工具measuring tool千克kilogram力force刻度尺meter ruler克gram牛顿Newton最小刻度division value毫克milligram测力计dynamometer零刻度线zero graduation line天平balance弹簧秤spring balance测量范围measuring range砝码weightsⅡ、运动（simple motion）相对运动relative motion方向direction路程path静止rest直线运动rectilinear motion速度velocity参照物reference曲线运动curvilinear motion变速直线运动variable rectilinear motion 位置position匀速直线运动uniform rectilinear motion 平均速度average velocityⅢ、热（heat）分子molecules熔化melting液化liquefaction分子运动molecular motion熔点melting point升华sublimation扩散diffusion凝固solidification凝华condensation排斥力repulsive force凝固点solidifying point冰箱refrigerator吸引力attractive force晶体crystal热传递heat transfer物质substance非晶体noncrystal热传导heat conduction物体object吸收absorb(v.)热对流heat convection状态state放出release(v.)热辐射heat radiation固体solid汽化vaporization热量heat液体liquid蒸发evaporation比热（容）specific heat（capacity）气体gas沸腾boiling物态变化state transformation沸点boiling pointⅠⅠ、光（light）光源light source入射角incident angle焦距focal length光的直线传播rectilinear propagationof light 反射角reflection angle会聚converge(v.)小孔成像image byping hole镜面反射mirror reflection发散diverge(v.)日食solar eclipse漫反射diffuse reflection光屏（屏幕）screen月食lunar eclipse平面镜plane mirror照相机camera光速velocity of light潜望镜periscope幻灯机slide projector真空vacuum蜡烛candle电影放映机film projector空气air光的折射refractionof light放大镜magnifier玻璃glass折射光线refracted ray倒立的inverted水water折射角refraction angle正立的erected均匀介质well-distributed medium透镜lens缩小的reduced光的反射reflectionof light凸透镜convex lens放大的amplified反射定律reflection law凹透镜concave lens实像real image入射光线incident ray（主）光轴principal optical axis虚像virtual image反射光线reflected ray光心optical centerof lens海市蜃楼mirage法线normal焦点focus光的色散dispersion of lightⅤ、磁（magnetism）磁体agnet小磁针magneticneedle磁场magnetic field天然磁体natural magnet磁极magnetic pole地磁场geomagnetic field人造磁体man-made magnet南极north pole电流的磁场magnetic field of electric current 条形磁铁bar magnet北极South pole磁感线magnetic induction line蹄形磁铁horseshoe magnet磁化magnetization电磁铁electromagnet三、声音（sound）振动vibrate声波wave of sound振幅amplitude介质medium音调pitch噪音noise传播travel响度loudness乐音voice声速velocity of sound音色musical quality分贝decibel（dB）回声echo频率frequency四、力（force）重力ravity惯性inertia动力motive force重心center of gravity平衡equilibrium阻力resistance摩擦力friction force压强pressure动力臂power arm滑动摩擦sliding friction帕斯卡ascal(Pa)阻力臂resisting arm滚动摩擦rolling friction液体压强hydraulicpressure作用线action-line静摩擦static friction大气压强atmosphericof pressure滑轮pulley压力pressure force标准大气压standardatmospherepressure 定滑轮fixed pulley浮力buoyancy force气压计barometer动滑轮movable pulley力的图示force diagram托里拆利Torricelli滑轮组pulley block力的大小magnitude of force阿基米德原理Archimedes principle功work力的方向direction of force密度density功率power力的作用点acting point of force 潜水艇submarine机械效率mechanical efficiency合力resultant force热气球fire balloon有用功useful work分力omponent force飞艇airship额外功extra wok力的合成composition of forces简单机械simple mechanics总功total work形变deformation杠杆lever斜面inclined plane牛顿第一定律Newton’s First Law 支点pivot五、电（electricity）电荷electric charge正极positive plate电压voltage带电体charged body负极negative plate伏特Volt摩擦起电electrificationby friction 电路electric circuit伏特计voltmeter正电荷positive charge通路closed circuit电阻resistance负电荷negative charge开路open circuit欧姆Ohm导体conductor短路short circuit变阻器rheostat绝缘体insulator电路图ircuit map滑动变阻器slide wire rheostat半导体semiconductor串联series connection欧姆定律Oh m’s law电源power source并联parallel connection电功electric work导线wire电量electric quantity电功率electric power 电键key(switch)电流electric current 额定电压rated voltage 干电池dry cell安培Ampere额定电功率rated power 蓄电池torage plate安培计ammeter。

（完整版）常见物理专业名词

中学物理名词(中英文对照)

Ⅰ、测量(measurement)物理学physics误差error游码rider测量measure (vt.)实验experiment温度temperature长度length实验室laboratory摄氏度degree centigrade单位unit面积area温度计thermometer千米kilometer平方米square meter体温计clinical thermometer米meter体积volume时间time分米decimeter立方米cubic meter小时hour厘米centimeter升Liter分钟minute毫米millimeter毫升Milliliter秒second微米micron质量mass毫秒millisecond纳米nanometer吨ton停表stop watch测量工具measuring tool千克kilogram力force刻度尺meter ruler克gram牛顿Newton最小刻度division value毫克milligram测力计dynamometer零刻度线zero graduation line天平balance弹簧秤spring balance测量范围measuring range砝码weightsⅡ、运动（simple motion）相对运动relative motion方向direction路程path静止rest直线运动rectilinear motion速度velocity参照物reference曲线运动curvilinear motion变速直线运动variable rectilinear motion 位置position匀速直线运动uniform rectilinear motion 平均速度average velocityⅢ、热（heat）分子molecules熔化melting液化liquefaction分子运动molecular motion熔点melting point升华sublimation扩散diffusion凝固solidification凝华condensation排斥力repulsive force凝固点solidifying point冰箱refrigerator吸引力attractive force晶体crystal热传递heat transfer物质substance非晶体noncrystal热传导heat conduction物体object吸收absorb(v.)热对流heat convection状态state放出release(v.)热辐射heat radiation固体solid汽化vaporization热量heat液体liquid蒸发evaporation比热（容）specific heat（capacity）气体gas沸腾boiling物态变化state transformation沸点boiling pointⅠⅠ、光（light）光源light source入射角incident angle焦距focal length光的直线传播rectilinear propagationof light 反射角reflection angle会聚converge(v.)小孔成像image byping hole镜面反射mirror reflection发散diverge(v.)日食solar eclipse漫反射diffuse reflection光屏（屏幕）screen月食lunar eclipse平面镜plane mirror照相机camera光速velocity of light潜望镜periscope幻灯机slide projector真空vacuum蜡烛candle电影放映机film projector空气air光的折射refractionof light放大镜magnifier玻璃glass折射光线refracted ray倒立的inverted水water折射角refraction angle正立的erected均匀介质well-distributed medium透镜lens缩小的reduced光的反射reflectionof light凸透镜convex lens放大的amplified反射定律reflection law凹透镜concave lens实像real image入射光线incident ray（主）光轴principal optical axis虚像virtual image反射光线reflected ray光心optical centerof lens海市蜃楼mirage法线normal焦点focus光的色散dispersion of lightⅤ、磁（magnetism）磁体agnet小磁针magneticneedle磁场magnetic field天然磁体natural magnet磁极magnetic pole地磁场geomagnetic field人造磁体man-made magnet南极north pole电流的磁场magnetic field of electric current 条形磁铁bar magnet北极South pole磁感线magnetic induction line蹄形磁铁horseshoe magnet磁化magnetization电磁铁electromagnet三、声音（sound）振动vibrate声波wave of sound振幅amplitude介质medium音调pitch噪音noise传播travel响度loudness乐音voice声速velocity of sound音色musical quality分贝decibel（dB）回声echo频率frequency四、力（force）重力ravity惯性inertia动力motive force重心center of gravity平衡equilibrium阻力resistance摩擦力friction force压强pressure动力臂power arm滑动摩擦sliding friction帕斯卡ascal(Pa)阻力臂resisting arm滚动摩擦rolling friction液体压强hydraulicpressure作用线action-line静摩擦static friction大气压强atmosphericof pressure滑轮pulley压力pressure force标准大气压standardatmospherepressure 定滑轮fixed pulley浮力buoyancy force气压计barometer动滑轮movable pulley力的图示force diagram托里拆利Torricelli滑轮组pulley block力的大小magnitude of force阿基米德原理Archimedes principle功work力的方向direction of force密度density功率power力的作用点acting point of force 潜水艇submarine机械效率mechanical efficiency合力resultant force热气球fire balloon有用功useful work分力omponent force飞艇airship额外功extra wok力的合成composition of forces简单机械simple mechanics总功total work形变deformation杠杆lever斜面inclined plane牛顿第一定律Newton’s First Law 支点pivot五、电（electricity）电荷electric charge正极positive plate电压voltage带电体charged body负极negative plate伏特Volt摩擦起电electrificationby friction 电路electric circuit伏特计voltmeter正电荷positive charge通路closed circuit电阻resistance负电荷negative charge开路open circuit欧姆Ohm导体conductor短路short circuit变阻器rheostat绝缘体insulator电路图ircuit map滑动变阻器slide wire rheostat半导体semiconductor串联series connection欧姆定律Oh m’s law电源power source并联parallel connection电功electric work导线wire电量electric quantity电功率electric power 电键key(switch)电流electric current 额定电压rated voltage 干电池dry cell安培Ampere额定电功率rated power 蓄电池torage plate安培计ammeter。

初中物理专业名词汇总表

初中物理专业名词汇总表专业词汇英语26熔化melting 27熔点melting point 1沸点boiling point 28镜面反射mirror reflection 2沸腾boiling 29质量massN 3凸透镜convex lens 30非晶体noncrystal 4凹透镜concave lens 31噪声noise 5晶体crystalO D 32光心optical center 6分贝decibel P 7漫反射diffuse reflection 33音调pitch 8凝华deposition R 9色散dispersion 34反射reflection 10密度density35反射定律reflection law E 36实像real image 11蒸发evaporation 37折射refraction F S 12频率frequency 38秒second 13焦点focus 39声波sound wave 14焦距focal length 40超声波supersonic wave H 41凝固solidification 15赫兹hertz 42凝固点solidification point I 43升华sublimation 16次声波infrasonic wave T 17像image44温度temperature L U18透镜lens 45匀速直线运动uniforn rectilinear motion 19响度loudness 46紫外线ultraviolet ray 20液化liquefaction V 21光线light ray 47速度velocity M 48振动vibration 22米metre49汽化vaporization23机械运动mechanical motion 50虚像virtual image 24介质medium 25音色musical quality 初中物理专业词汇中英对照表八年级上册B C专业词汇英语WA73功work 51大气压atmosphere 74瓦特watt B 52浮力buoyancy force53气压计barometerC54重心center of gravityE55平衡equilibrium56弹力elastic forceF57力force58摩擦力friction forceG59重力gravityI60惯性inertiaJ61焦耳jouleK62动能kinetic energyL63杠杆leverM64机械能mechanical energyN65牛顿newton66牛顿第一定律Newton's first lawP67压强pressure68帕斯卡pascal69功率power70势能potential energy71滑轮pulleyU72万有引力universal gravitation专业词汇英语NA102负电荷negative charge75原子atom103北极north pole76安培定则Ampere law 104核能nuclear energyC O77电池cell105欧姆定律Ohm law78导体conductor PD106正电荷positive charge79扩散diffusion107电源power supply E108并联parallel connection80电子electron Q81电荷electric charge109热量quantity of heat82电路electric circuit R83电流electric current110电阻resistance84电功率electric power111额定电压rated voltage85能量energy112额定功率rated power86电功electric work S87电能electric energy113比热容specific heat capacity88电磁波electromagnetic wave114串联series connection 89电磁铁electromagnet115南极south pole90电磁感应electromagnetic induction TH116电话telephone91热机heat engine117热运动thermal motionI V92绝缘体insulator118电压voltage93内能internal energy W94感应电流induction current119波长wavelength J120波速wave velocity95焦耳定律Joule lawL96能量守恒定律law of conservation of energyM97分子molecule98磁场magnetic field99磁化magnetization100磁极magnetic pole101磁感线magnetic induction lineion。

物理名词中英文对照

物理名词中英文对照必修1力学mechanics质点mass point参考系reference frame坐标系coordinate system路径path位移displacement矢量vector标量scalar速度velocity平均速度average velocity瞬时速度instantaneous velocity速率speedv~t图像v~t graph加速度acceleration匀变速直线运动uniform variable rectilinear motion初速度initial velocity自由落体运动free fall motion自由落体加速度free fall acceleration 重力加速度gravitational acceleration力force重力gravity重心center of gravity万有引力gravitation电磁相互作用electromagnetic interaction 强相互作用strong interaction弱相互作用weak interaction形变deformation弹性形变elastic deformation弹性限度elastic limit弹力elastic force劲度系数coefficient of stiffness胡克定律Hooke law摩擦力frictional force静摩擦力static frictional force滑动摩擦力sliding frictional force动摩擦因数dynamic friction factor合理resultant force分力components of force力的合成composition of forces平行四边形定则parallelogram rule 共点力concurrent force力的分解resolution of force三角形定则triangular rule运动学kinematics动力学dynamic牛顿第一定律Newton first law惯性定律law of inertia牛顿第二定律Newton second law 单位制system of units作用力action反作用力reaction牛顿第三定律Newton third law超重overweight失重weightlessness必修2曲线运动curvilinear motion切线tangent抛体运动projectile motion抛物线parabola 线速度linear velocity匀速圆周运动uniform circular motion角速度angular velocity弧度radian向心加速度centripetal acceleration向心力centripetal force引力常量gravitational constant万有引力定律law of universal gravitation 宇宙第一速度first cosmic velocity能energy势能potential energy动能kinetic energy功work功率power重力势能gravitational potential energy弹性势能elastic potential energy动能定理theorem of kinetic energy机械能mechanical energy机械能守恒定律law of conservation of mechanical energy能量守恒定律law of energy conservation高考相关的物理学史内容（1）落体理论：亚里士多德：物体下落的快慢是由它们的重量决定，越重的物体下落的越快；伽利略：物体做自由落体运动时与物体本身的重量无关（2）胡克定律：弹力与弹簧形变量成正比（3）亚里士多德认为必须有力作用在物体上，物体才能运动；没有力的作用，物体就要静止在一个地方。

高中物理术语

●高中物理术语●测量- measure, 温度- temperature误差- uncertainty, 气压- pressure熔点- melting point, 沸点- boiling point实验- experiment, 气体- gas液体- liquid, 固体- solid质子- proton, 中子- neutron电子- electron, 中微子- neutrino质量- mass, 密度- density压力- pressure, 力- force摩擦力- friction, 重力- gravitational force潮汐力- tidal force, 电场- electric field磁场- magnetic field, 核裂变- nuclear fission核聚变- nuclear fusion, 电源- power电阻- resistance , 二极管- diode三极管- transistor, 电容- capacitor电压- voltage, 电流- current保险丝- fuse, 电压表- voltmeter电流表- ammeter, 并联- parallel串联- serie, 开关- switch导体- conductor, 绝缘体- insulator晶闸管- thyratron, 变压器- transformer位移- displacement, 速度- velocity加速度- acceleration, 系数- coefficient离子- ion, 分子- molecule原子- atom, 氢– hydrogen●force 力motion 运动unit 单位 SI Unit 国际标准单位vector 向量scalar 数量（与向量相对，就是数）displacement 位移distance 距离velocity 速度instantaneous velocity 瞬时速度average velocity平均速度acceleration 加速度instantaneous acceleration 瞬时加速度average acceleration 平均加速度net force 合力static fiction 静摩擦力kinetic fiction 滑动摩擦力coefficient of fiction 摩擦系数gravitational force 重力mass 质量Newton’s Law牛顿（运动/力学）定律Galileo 伽利略energy 能work 功power 功率gravitational potential energy 重力势能kinetic energy 动能thermal energy 热能wave 波mechanical wave 机械波longitudinal wave 纵波transverse wave 横波period 周期frequency 频率amplitude 振幅phase 相位wavelength 波长superposition 波的叠加constructive interference 相长干涉destructive interference 相消干涉standing waves 驻波resonance 共振media 媒介vibrate 振动sound wave 声波Doppler effect 多普勒效应reflection 反射refraction 折射index of refraction 折射率total internal reflection 全反射critical angle 临界角focal point 焦点image 像lenses 透镜converging lenses 会聚透镜diverging lenses 发散透镜electricity 电magnetism 磁electric charge 电荷electric current 电流electric potential 电势electric field 电场(uniform) magnetic field 匀强磁场electromagnetic induction 电磁感应kilowatt-hour 千瓦时electric circuit 电路conductor 导体solenoid 螺线管Lenz’s Law 楞次定律direct current 直流alternating current 交流inertial / non-inertial frames of reference 惯性/非惯性参考系inclined plane 斜面projectile 抛射circular motion 圆周运动momentum 动量impulse 冲量elastic potential energy 弹性势能elastic / inelastic collision 弹性/非弹性碰撞open / closed system 开放/封闭系统simple harmonic motion 简谐运动mechanic energy 机械能conservation of momentum / energy 动量/能量守恒Coulomb’s Law库仑定律dispersion 色散polarization 偏振（光）spectrum 波谱Young’s double slit 杨氏双缝radioactivity 放射quantum theory 量子论photoelectric effect 光电效应matter waves 物质波（德布罗意波）Bohr model波尔模型quantum mechanics 量子力学special / general theory of relativity 狭义／广义相对论elementary particles 基本粒子quark 夸克lepton 轻子。

(完整版)物理名词(中英文对照)

Ⅰ、测量(measurement)物理学physics误差error游码rider测量measure (vt.)实验experiment温度temperature长度length实验室laboratory摄氏度degree centigrade单位unit面积area温度计thermometer千米kilometer平方米square meter体温计clinical thermometer米meter体积volume时间time分米decimeter立方米cubic meter小时hour厘米centimeter升Liter分钟minute毫米millimeter毫升Milliliter秒second微米micron质量mass毫秒millisecond纳米nanometer吨ton停表stop watch测量工具measuring tool千克kilogram力force刻度尺meter ruler克gram牛顿Newton最小刻度division value毫克milligram测力计dynamometer零刻度线zero graduation line天平balance弹簧秤spring balance测量范围measuring range砝码weightsⅡ、运动（simple motion）相对运动relative motion方向direction路程path静止rest直线运动rectilinear motion速度velocity参照物reference曲线运动curvilinear motion变速直线运动variable rectilinear motion 位置position匀速直线运动uniform rectilinear motion 平均速度average velocityⅢ、热（heat）分子molecules熔化melting液化liquefaction分子运动molecular motion熔点melting point升华sublimation扩散diffusion凝固solidification凝华condensation排斥力repulsive force凝固点solidifying point冰箱refrigerator吸引力attractive force晶体crystal热传递heat transfer物质substance非晶体noncrystal热传导heat conduction物体object吸收absorb(v.)热对流heat convection状态state放出release(v.)热辐射heat radiation固体solid汽化vaporization热量heat液体liquid蒸发evaporation比热（容）specific heat（capacity）气体gas沸腾boiling物态变化state transformation沸点boiling pointⅠⅠ、光（light）光源light source入射角incident angle焦距focal length光的直线传播rectilinear propagationof light 反射角reflection angle会聚converge(v.)小孔成像image byping hole镜面反射mirror reflection发散diverge(v.)日食solar eclipse漫反射diffuse reflection光屏（屏幕）screen月食lunar eclipse平面镜plane mirror照相机camera光速velocity of light潜望镜periscope幻灯机slide projector真空vacuum蜡烛candle电影放映机film projector空气air光的折射refractionof light放大镜magnifier玻璃glass折射光线refracted ray倒立的inverted水water折射角refraction angle正立的erected均匀介质well-distributed medium透镜lens缩小的reduced光的反射reflectionof light凸透镜convex lens放大的amplified反射定律reflection law凹透镜concave lens实像real image入射光线incident ray（主）光轴principal optical axis虚像virtual image反射光线reflected ray光心optical centerof lens海市蜃楼mirage法线normal焦点focus光的色散dispersion of lightⅤ、磁（magnetism）磁体agnet小磁针magneticneedle磁场magnetic field天然磁体natural magnet磁极magnetic pole地磁场geomagnetic field人造磁体man-made magnet南极north pole电流的磁场magnetic field of electric current 条形磁铁bar magnet北极South pole磁感线magnetic induction line蹄形磁铁horseshoe magnet磁化magnetization电磁铁electromagnet三、声音（sound）振动vibrate声波wave of sound振幅amplitude介质medium音调pitch噪音noise传播travel响度loudness乐音voice声速velocity of sound音色musical quality分贝decibel（dB）回声echo频率frequency四、力（force）重力ravity惯性inertia动力motive force重心center of gravity平衡equilibrium阻力resistance摩擦力friction force压强pressure动力臂power arm滑动摩擦sliding friction帕斯卡ascal(Pa)阻力臂resisting arm滚动摩擦rolling friction液体压强hydraulicpressure作用线action-line静摩擦static friction大气压强atmosphericof pressure滑轮pulley压力pressure force标准大气压standardatmospherepressure 定滑轮fixed pulley浮力buoyancy force气压计barometer动滑轮movable pulley力的图示force diagram托里拆利Torricelli滑轮组pulley block力的大小magnitude of force阿基米德原理Archimedes principle功work力的方向direction of force密度density功率power力的作用点acting point of force 潜水艇submarine机械效率mechanical efficiency合力resultant force热气球fire balloon有用功useful work分力omponent force飞艇airship额外功extra wok力的合成composition of forces简单机械simple mechanics总功total work形变deformation杠杆lever斜面inclined plane牛顿第一定律Newton’s First Law 支点pivot五、电（electricity）电荷electric charge正极positive plate电压voltage带电体charged body负极negative plate伏特Volt摩擦起电electrificationby friction 电路electric circuit伏特计voltmeter正电荷positive charge通路closed circuit电阻resistance负电荷negative charge开路open circuit欧姆Ohm导体conductor短路short circuit变阻器rheostat绝缘体insulator电路图ircuit map滑动变阻器slide wire rheostat半导体semiconductor串联series connection欧姆定律Oh m’s law电源power source并联parallel connection电功electric work导线wire电量electric quantity电功率electric power 电键key(switch)电流electric current 额定电压rated voltage 干电池dry cell安培Ampere额定电功率rated power 蓄电池torage plate安培计ammeter。

重点中学物理学名词中英文对照

中学物理学名词中英文对照中文词汇英文对照A安培Ampere凹透镜concavelensB比热容specificheat变阻器variableresistor并联电路parallelcircuit不可再生能源nonrenewableenergysourceC超重overweight超声波supersonicwave超导体superconductor次声波infrasonicwave参照物frameofreference参照系referenceframe测量measure长度length串联电路series磁场magneticfield磁感线magneticinductionline磁体magnetD动力学dynamics动能kineticenergy动能定理theoremofkineticenergy动摩擦因数dynamicfrictionfactor第一宇宙速度firstcosmicvelocity第二宇宙速度secondcosmicvelocity 第三宇宙速度thirdcosmicvelocity导体conductor电池cell电灯electriclight电流electriccurrent电流表ammeter电路electriccurrent电压voltage电压表voltmeter电源powersupply电阻resistance动滑轮movablepulley定滑轮fixedpulley短路shortcircuit断路opencircuit地磁场germagneticfield电磁波electromagneticwave电磁波谱electromagneticspectrum 电磁感应electromagneticinduction电动机motor电功率electricpower电话telephone电能electricalenergy电能表kilowatt-hourmeterE额定电压ratedvoltage额定功率ratedpowerF分minute非惯性系noninertialsystem 反射reflection非晶体non-crystal沸点boilingpoint分贝decibel伏特Volt发电机electricgeneratorG惯性inertia惯性系intertialsystem惯性力inertialforce杠杆lever功work功率power光速velocityoflight光源lightsource感应电流inductioncurrent 光导纤维opticalfiberH赫兹Hertz红外线infraredrays滑轮pulley滑动摩擦slidingfriction 核反应堆nuclearreactor 核能nuclearenergyJ机械运动mechanicalmotion 加速度acceleration静止rest机械功mechanicalwork机械能mechanicalenergy机械效率mechanicalefficiency机械能守恒定律lawofconservationofmechanicalenergy焦点focus晶体crystal镜面反射mirrorreflection焦耳Joul焦耳定律Joulelaw绝缘体insulator交变电流alternatingcurrent聚变fusion静摩擦因数staticfrictionfactorK开关switch可再生能源renewableenergysourceL力force力的合成compositionofforces力的分解resolutionofforces力矩momentofforce棱镜prism连锁反应Chainreaction裂变fission螺旋管solenoidM米metre秒second漫反射diffusereflection摩擦力frictionforceN牛顿Newton牛顿第一定律Newtonfirstlaw牛顿第二定律Newtonsecondlaw牛顿第三定律Newtonthirdlaw能量、能energy凝固solidification内能internal能量的转化和守恒定律LawofconservationofenergyO欧姆OhmP平均速度averagevelocity平均速率averagespeed平衡状态equilibriumstate频率frequency平面镜planemirrorQ曲线运动curvilinearmotion汽化vaporization千瓦时kilowatt-hourR熔点meltingpoint熔化melting热量heat热值heatvalue熔丝fuseS时间time速度velocity速率speed瞬时速度instantaneousvelocity失重weightlessness势能potentialenergy色散dispersion升华sublimation声波soundwave声音sound实像realimageT弹力elasticforce弹性势能elasticpotentialenergy透镜lens凸透镜convexlens图像graph太阳能solarenergyW位移displacement万有引力universalgravitational万有引力定律Lawofuniversalgravitation望远镜telescope温度temperature温度计thermometer瓦特Watt微波microwaveX向心力centripetalforce 向心加速度centripetalacceleration显微镜microscope响度loudness像image虚像virtualimageY运动学kinematics匀速直线运动uniformrectilinearmotion 圆周运动circularmotion引力常数gravitationalconstant液化liquefaction音调pitch音色musicalquality乐音musicalsound用电器electricappliance因特网InternetZ重力gravity重心centerofgravity自由落体freelyfallingbody重力加速度accelerationduetogravity 重力势能gravitationalpotentialenergy周期period噪声noise折射refraction振动vibration振幅amplitude蒸发evaporation紫外线ultravioletrays指南针compass质点masspoint直线运动rectilinearmotion。