romantic poets (Keats)浪漫主义诗人(济慈)

Byron’s influence has been felt all over the globe. His theme of quest for freedom and against tyranny and his romantic spirit have made their imprint upon the life and the literature of the world.
Romantic Poets (II)
George Gordon Byron (1788-1824)
Introduction
He is well known in China. Don Juan, the long satirical epic, is generally considered his masterpiece. It is a poem based on a traditional Spanish legend of a great lover and seducer of women. In the conventional sense, Juan is immoral, yet Byron takes his poem as the most moral. Byron puts into Don Juan his rich knowledge of the world and the wisdom gained from experience. It presents brilliant pictures of life in its various stages of love, joy, suffering, hatred and fear.
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哎，假如我是一片枯叶被你浮起， 假如我是能和你飞跑的云雾， 这样焦躁地要和你争相祈祷。 是一个波浪，和你的威力同喘息， 哦，举起我吧，当我是水波、树叶、浮云！ 我跌在生活底荆棘上，我流血了！ 假如我分有你的脉搏，仅仅不如 你那么自由，哦，无法约束的生命！ 这被岁月的重轭所制服的生命 假如我能像在少年时，凌风而舞 原是和你一样：骄傲、轻捷而不驯。
她在美中行
她在美中徜徉， 她在美中穿行； 象深邃的苍穹缀满繁星， 象皎洁的夜空万里无云。 明和暗多么协调， 深与浅恰如其分； 白昼的光线过于炫耀， 柔和的夜色最为温馨。 美汇入她的举止， 美溶进她的眼神； 美在乌黑的发际游弋， 美在灿烂的脸上逡巡。
不多一丝辉光， 不少半点柔阴； 包容的思绪弥足珍贵， 潜藏的心灵更加香醇； 在面颊，在眉宇， 无言胜似有声； 那里可以体察心绪的平静， 那里可以领会情感的温存。
The conflict is usually one of rebellious individuals against outworn social systems and conventions. The Byronic hero became an idol of the young. But to the conservative and reactionary forces in society, Byron was a Satan and they called his poetry “Satanic”. The figure is, to some extent, modeled on the life and personality of Byron himself, and makes Byron famous both at home and abroad. And in his own time, Byron’s poetry exerted a powerful influence on writers all over Europe, because it expressed an ardent love of liberty and a fierce hatred of tyranny. He was admired by Pushkin and Lermontov in Russia, Petofi in Hungary, Lu Xun in China and many others in Western Europe.
西风颂
黑暗的冬床上，它们就躺在那里， 像是墓中的死穴，冰冷，深藏，低贱， 哦，狂暴的西风，秋之生命的呼吸！ 直等到春天，你碧空的姊妹吹起 你无形，但枯死的落叶被你横扫， 她的喇叭，在沉睡的大地上响遍， 有如鬼魅碰到了巫师，纷纷逃避： （唤出嫩芽，象羊群一样，觅食空中） 黄的，黑的，灰的，红得像患肺痨， 将色和香充满了山峰和平原。 呵，重染疫疠的一群：西风呵，是你 不羁的精灵呵，你无处不远行； 以车驾把有翼的种子催送到 破坏者兼保护者：听吧，你且聆听！
将染有树林和我的深邃的秋意： 虽忧伤而甜蜜。呵，但愿你给予我 把昏睡的大地唤醒吧！要是冬天 狂暴的精神！奋勇者呵，让我们合一！ 已经来了，西风呵，春日怎能遥远？
John Keats (1795-1821)
Keats’ life was one of downright misery. He came from a poor background, son of a stablekeeper, lost his parents early in life, and was apprenticed at 15 to a doctor, a job that was galling to his sensitive soul. He had no formal education and no one to help him with either education or literary training. But he was a highly sensitive spirit. He spotted gorgeous beauty in these Greek and Elizabethan literature, classical dictionaries and reference books.
那折服人心的微笑， 那淡淡泛起的红晕， 诉说着度过的优雅时光， 透露出沉积的善良品性。 人间万事平心以待， 恰似美的天神； 一颗心装着至爱， 一颗心永远真纯。
Percy Bysshe Shelley (1792-1822)
He is also known to Chinese readers, mainly for his Ode to the West Wind (1820), whose ending “If winter comes, can spring be far behind?” has given courage to many revolutionaries faced with reverses, even death. He also wrote many other notable works, such as the lyrical drama Prometheus Unbound (1820).
Shelley grew up wi held a life-long aversion to cruelty, injustice, authority, institutional religion and the formal shams of respectable society, condemning war, tyranny and exploitation. Shelley is one of the leading Romantic poets, an intense and original lyrical poet in the English language. Like Blake, he has a reputation as a difficult poet: erudite, complex, full of classical and mythological allusions. He style abounds in personification and metaphor and figures of speech which describe vividly what we see and feel, or express what passionately moves us.
The Greek tragedian Aeschylus had also written a play about Prometheus, who brought fire from heaven to earth against the will of Zeus and was cruelly punished for it. He was chained on Mount Caucasus and suffers the vulture’s feeding on his liver. Aeschylus, however, showed Prometheus finally reconciled with Zeus. Shelley disliked this ending and presented in his play a different Prometheus, who fought on until he won his freedom. The play also contains passages which reveal Shelley’s views on an ideal society. Shelley himself recognized it as “the most perfect of my products”.
而且都生满青苔、开满花朵， 那芬芳真迷人欲醉！呵，为了给你 是你，你将蓝色的地中海唤醒， 让一条路，大西洋的汹涌的浪波 而它曾经昏睡了一整个夏天， 把自己向两边劈开，而深在渊底 被澄澈水流的回旋催眠入梦， 那海洋中的花草和泥污的森林 就在巴亚海湾的一个浮石岛边， 虽然枝叶扶疏，却没有精力； 它梦见了古老的宫殿和楼阁 听到你的声音，它们已吓得发青： 在水天辉映的波影里抖颤， 一边颤栗，一边自动萎缩：哦，你 听！
As a leading Romanticist, Baron’s chief contribution is his creation of the “Byronic hero”, a proud, mysterious rebel figure of noble origin. With immense superiority in his passions and powers, this Byronic hero would carry on his shoulders the burden of righting all the wrongs in a corrupt society, and would rise single-handedly against any kind of tyrannical rules either in government, in religion, or in moral principles with unconquerable wills and inexhaustible energies. The conflict is usually one of rebellious individuals against outworn social systems and conventions.
便成了你的伴侣，悠游天空 （因为呵，那时候，要想追你上云霄， 似乎并非梦幻），我就不致像如今
５ 把我当作你的竖琴吧，有如树林： 尽管我的叶落了，那有什么关系！ 你巨大的合奏所振起的音乐
请把我枯死的思想向世界吹落， 让它像枯叶一样促成新的生命！ 哦，请听从这一篇符咒似的诗歌， 就把我的话语，像是灰烬和火星 从还未熄灭的炉火向人间播散！ 让预言的喇叭通过我的嘴唇
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２ 没入你的急流，当高空一片混乱， 流云象大地的枯叶一样被撕扯 脱离天空和海洋的纠缠的枝干。 成为雨和电的使者：它们飘落 在你的磅礴之气的蔚蓝的波面， 有如狂女的飘扬的头发在闪烁，
从天穹的最遥远而模糊的边沿 直抵九霄的中天，到处都在摇曳 欲来雷雨的卷发，对濒死的一年 你唱出了葬歌，而这密集的黑夜 将成为它广大墓陵的一座圆顶， 里面正有你的万钧之力的凝结； 那是你的浑然之气，从它会迸涌 黑色的雨，冰雹和火焰：哦，你听！