异化归化对比分析
合集下载
相关主题
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
Page 14
归化和异化策略
语言的风格
价值观念
宗教信仰 诗学传统
直译和意译方法
语言问题
Page 15
For example: 巧媳妇做不出来没有米的粥来,叫我怎么办? -----《红楼梦》 1.Even the cleverest housewife can’t cook meal without rice.(foreignazation) 2.Even the cleverest housewife can’t make bread without flour.(domestication)
Page 13
Differences
1. “异化法”和“归化法”是以译者向原作者靠 拢还是向译文读者靠拢来划定的。向原作者靠拢的 译文为异化的译文,相应的翻译策略为异化的翻译 策略; 相反 ,向译文读者靠拢的译文为归化的译文 , 而相 应的翻译策略为归化的翻译策略 。
2. “直译”、“意译”只局限于语言层面的探讨 , 而异化和归化则不 仅涉及到语言问题,而且还牵扯 到语言的风格、价值观念、宗教信仰、诗学传统等 诸多方面的问题。
What the differences between them?
Page 11
直译(Literal Translation)
指翻译时要尽量保持原作的语言形式,包括在用词、 句子结 构、比喻手段等等,同时要求语言保持流 畅易懂。 eg.过街老鼠 直译:(like) a rat crossing the street
Zhang beaten is a lousy knave? (Hawkes: 29)
Page 8
俗话说得好:“杀人不过头点地。” 归化:Remember the proverb “ A murder can only lose his head.” (Yang :142) 异化:“You know what the proverb says: He who checks a moment’s rage Shall calm and carefree end his days.” (Hawkes : 216)
Page 28
28
Page 25
25
过度归化
他以为阿Q这回可遭了瘟 (《阿Q正传》) They were sure that AQ had met his Waterloo (梁社乾译) He walked here, and walked there, fancying himself so very great! (《傲慢与偏见》) 张经浩: 他东走走,西荡荡,老鼠上秤自称自。
Page 5
Venuti defined foreignization as “ an ethnodeviant pressure those values to register the linguistic and culture difference of the foreign text, sending the reader abroad”, and domestication as “an ethnocentric reduction of the foreign text to target-language cultural values bringing the author back home.”
Page 9
Part 2 异化归化与直译意译
Page 10
Foreignization and Domestication VS Literal Translation and Free Translation
What are literal translation and free translation?
中国的异化归化之争(三次交锋)
第一次交锋:古代 归化异化之争的雏形是佛经翻译中的“文质” 之争。 第二次交锋:近代 (20世纪20—30年代) 鲁迅,梁实秋
Page 23
23
第三次交锋:现代 刘英凯(1987)《归化—翻译的歧路》 刘重德(1998)认为 “翻译中出现欧化(即洋化)现象是理 所当然的”
I. Domestication Domestication refers to target-languageculture-oriented translation in which expressions acceptable in target language culture are exploited in order to make the translated texts intelligible and suitable for the target text readers.
选取一个策略而完全排除另一种策略的做法是不可取的, 也是不现实的。它们各有优势,也各有缺陷,因此顾此失 彼不能达到最终翻译的目的。
Page 27
27
胡太太叹了口气,看见胡国光还是一肚子心事似的踱方步。 “张铁嘴怎么说的?” 胡太太惴惴的问。 ——“很好,不用瞎担心了,我还有委员的福分呢!” ——“么事的桂圆?”妻子没听清楚他的话。(茅盾《动摇》) ——“He gave me a very good news. We need not worry about a job. I have the possibility of being a member of Committee! ” ——“Whats common tea?” asked the wife, who only vaguely caught the sound. (钱歌川译)
Page 6
Examples:
至于才子佳人等书,......(曹:5)
异化: As for books of the beauty-and talented type, ...(Yang: 4)
归化: And the “boudoir romances”, ... (Hawkes: 50)
Page 17
For example:
I will give you a pleasant surprise on your birthday. 1.在你过生日那天我会让你又惊又喜。(domestication) 2.我会在你过生日那天给你一个惊喜。(foreignization)
Page 20
Summary
Literal translation
On the level of the language
Free translation
Page 21
Part 3 异化归化的关系
Page 22
The Relationship Between Foreignization and Domesticaiton
更有一种风月笔墨,......(曹:5) 异化: Even worse are those writers of the breeze-andmoonlight school, ...(Yang:4) 归化:Still worse is the “ erotic novel”, ... (Hawkes : 49)
Page 7
成则王侯败则贼(曹:31) 异化:Such people may become princes or thieves, depending on whether they're successful or not. (Yang: 29)
归化:Zhang victorious is a hero.
Page 16
3.意译法和直译法相对归化和异化概念稳定
由于异化和归化是根据特定时期目的语的语 言 、文学或是文化规范来判定的 ,那么这一对概念 相对于“直译”和“意译”来说就是随着时代的变 化而变化, 是动态的 , 而“直译” 、“意译”则由 于是 根据译文对原文语言的忠实程度来界定的 ,而 一 个特定的原文和它的某一个译本的文本状态是 客观的 、固定的、静止的 ,不以历史的发展而发 展 ,也 不因审视者的不同而变化 。
Domestication & Foreignization
Contents
01
异化归化的 概念
02
异化归化与 直译意译
03
异化归化的 关系
Page 2
Part 1 异化归化的概念
Page 3
The Conception of Domestication and Foreignization
Page 18
4.直译未必就是异化;意译法未必就是归化 Domestication=Free Translation
It depends
ForeiLeabharlann Baidunization =Literal Translation
Page 19
For example:
Robert Burns ----- A Red, Red Rose里有这 样一句话 Till a’the seas gang dry And the rocks melt wi’the sun. 刚好吻合汉语中的 “海枯石烂”,这样子直译过来产生的并不 是异化效果而是归化效果。
山雨欲来风满楼。
直译:The wing sweeping through the towel heralds a rising storm in the mountains.
Page 12
意译(Free Translation)
则从意义出发,只要求将原文大意表达出来,不注 意细节,译文自然流畅即可。意译不注重原作形式, 包括句法结构、用词、 比喻以及其他修辞手段。 eg.过街老鼠 意译:the object of universal condemnation; a bad man hated by everyone 山雨欲来风满楼。 意译:A turbulent situation foretells a big event. Coming events cast their shadows before.
孙致礼: 他一会走到这,一会走到那,自以为非常了不起!
Page 26
26
因此,异化与归化的关系是相辅相成,和睦统一的。 翻译要求我们忠实地再现原文作者的思想和风格,而这些 都是带有浓厚的异国情调的,因此采用异化法是必然;同 时译文又要考虑到读者的理解及原文的流畅,因此采用归 化法也是必然。
Page 4
2. Foreignization Foreignization is source-language-cultureoriented translation which strives to preserve as much as possible the original flavor in order to retain the foreignness of the source language culture.
孙致礼(2002)更是预言“21世纪的文学翻译:异化为主导”
蔡平(2002)认为“翻译方法应以归化为主”
Page 24
然而事实证明,单纯的只采用异化或只采用归化都有可能 造成文章的生涩难懂,或不伦不类。 过度异化 领如蝤蛴,齿如瓠犀 《卫风. 硕人》 Her neck is like longicorn’s larva; Her teeth are like melon seeds. Her swan-like neck is long and slim; Her teeth like pearls do gleam. (Wang Rongpei)
归化和异化策略
语言的风格
价值观念
宗教信仰 诗学传统
直译和意译方法
语言问题
Page 15
For example: 巧媳妇做不出来没有米的粥来,叫我怎么办? -----《红楼梦》 1.Even the cleverest housewife can’t cook meal without rice.(foreignazation) 2.Even the cleverest housewife can’t make bread without flour.(domestication)
Page 13
Differences
1. “异化法”和“归化法”是以译者向原作者靠 拢还是向译文读者靠拢来划定的。向原作者靠拢的 译文为异化的译文,相应的翻译策略为异化的翻译 策略; 相反 ,向译文读者靠拢的译文为归化的译文 , 而相 应的翻译策略为归化的翻译策略 。
2. “直译”、“意译”只局限于语言层面的探讨 , 而异化和归化则不 仅涉及到语言问题,而且还牵扯 到语言的风格、价值观念、宗教信仰、诗学传统等 诸多方面的问题。
What the differences between them?
Page 11
直译(Literal Translation)
指翻译时要尽量保持原作的语言形式,包括在用词、 句子结 构、比喻手段等等,同时要求语言保持流 畅易懂。 eg.过街老鼠 直译:(like) a rat crossing the street
Zhang beaten is a lousy knave? (Hawkes: 29)
Page 8
俗话说得好:“杀人不过头点地。” 归化:Remember the proverb “ A murder can only lose his head.” (Yang :142) 异化:“You know what the proverb says: He who checks a moment’s rage Shall calm and carefree end his days.” (Hawkes : 216)
Page 28
28
Page 25
25
过度归化
他以为阿Q这回可遭了瘟 (《阿Q正传》) They were sure that AQ had met his Waterloo (梁社乾译) He walked here, and walked there, fancying himself so very great! (《傲慢与偏见》) 张经浩: 他东走走,西荡荡,老鼠上秤自称自。
Page 5
Venuti defined foreignization as “ an ethnodeviant pressure those values to register the linguistic and culture difference of the foreign text, sending the reader abroad”, and domestication as “an ethnocentric reduction of the foreign text to target-language cultural values bringing the author back home.”
Page 9
Part 2 异化归化与直译意译
Page 10
Foreignization and Domestication VS Literal Translation and Free Translation
What are literal translation and free translation?
中国的异化归化之争(三次交锋)
第一次交锋:古代 归化异化之争的雏形是佛经翻译中的“文质” 之争。 第二次交锋:近代 (20世纪20—30年代) 鲁迅,梁实秋
Page 23
23
第三次交锋:现代 刘英凯(1987)《归化—翻译的歧路》 刘重德(1998)认为 “翻译中出现欧化(即洋化)现象是理 所当然的”
I. Domestication Domestication refers to target-languageculture-oriented translation in which expressions acceptable in target language culture are exploited in order to make the translated texts intelligible and suitable for the target text readers.
选取一个策略而完全排除另一种策略的做法是不可取的, 也是不现实的。它们各有优势,也各有缺陷,因此顾此失 彼不能达到最终翻译的目的。
Page 27
27
胡太太叹了口气,看见胡国光还是一肚子心事似的踱方步。 “张铁嘴怎么说的?” 胡太太惴惴的问。 ——“很好,不用瞎担心了,我还有委员的福分呢!” ——“么事的桂圆?”妻子没听清楚他的话。(茅盾《动摇》) ——“He gave me a very good news. We need not worry about a job. I have the possibility of being a member of Committee! ” ——“Whats common tea?” asked the wife, who only vaguely caught the sound. (钱歌川译)
Page 6
Examples:
至于才子佳人等书,......(曹:5)
异化: As for books of the beauty-and talented type, ...(Yang: 4)
归化: And the “boudoir romances”, ... (Hawkes: 50)
Page 17
For example:
I will give you a pleasant surprise on your birthday. 1.在你过生日那天我会让你又惊又喜。(domestication) 2.我会在你过生日那天给你一个惊喜。(foreignization)
Page 20
Summary
Literal translation
On the level of the language
Free translation
Page 21
Part 3 异化归化的关系
Page 22
The Relationship Between Foreignization and Domesticaiton
更有一种风月笔墨,......(曹:5) 异化: Even worse are those writers of the breeze-andmoonlight school, ...(Yang:4) 归化:Still worse is the “ erotic novel”, ... (Hawkes : 49)
Page 7
成则王侯败则贼(曹:31) 异化:Such people may become princes or thieves, depending on whether they're successful or not. (Yang: 29)
归化:Zhang victorious is a hero.
Page 16
3.意译法和直译法相对归化和异化概念稳定
由于异化和归化是根据特定时期目的语的语 言 、文学或是文化规范来判定的 ,那么这一对概念 相对于“直译”和“意译”来说就是随着时代的变 化而变化, 是动态的 , 而“直译” 、“意译”则由 于是 根据译文对原文语言的忠实程度来界定的 ,而 一 个特定的原文和它的某一个译本的文本状态是 客观的 、固定的、静止的 ,不以历史的发展而发 展 ,也 不因审视者的不同而变化 。
Domestication & Foreignization
Contents
01
异化归化的 概念
02
异化归化与 直译意译
03
异化归化的 关系
Page 2
Part 1 异化归化的概念
Page 3
The Conception of Domestication and Foreignization
Page 18
4.直译未必就是异化;意译法未必就是归化 Domestication=Free Translation
It depends
ForeiLeabharlann Baidunization =Literal Translation
Page 19
For example:
Robert Burns ----- A Red, Red Rose里有这 样一句话 Till a’the seas gang dry And the rocks melt wi’the sun. 刚好吻合汉语中的 “海枯石烂”,这样子直译过来产生的并不 是异化效果而是归化效果。
山雨欲来风满楼。
直译:The wing sweeping through the towel heralds a rising storm in the mountains.
Page 12
意译(Free Translation)
则从意义出发,只要求将原文大意表达出来,不注 意细节,译文自然流畅即可。意译不注重原作形式, 包括句法结构、用词、 比喻以及其他修辞手段。 eg.过街老鼠 意译:the object of universal condemnation; a bad man hated by everyone 山雨欲来风满楼。 意译:A turbulent situation foretells a big event. Coming events cast their shadows before.
孙致礼: 他一会走到这,一会走到那,自以为非常了不起!
Page 26
26
因此,异化与归化的关系是相辅相成,和睦统一的。 翻译要求我们忠实地再现原文作者的思想和风格,而这些 都是带有浓厚的异国情调的,因此采用异化法是必然;同 时译文又要考虑到读者的理解及原文的流畅,因此采用归 化法也是必然。
Page 4
2. Foreignization Foreignization is source-language-cultureoriented translation which strives to preserve as much as possible the original flavor in order to retain the foreignness of the source language culture.
孙致礼(2002)更是预言“21世纪的文学翻译:异化为主导”
蔡平(2002)认为“翻译方法应以归化为主”
Page 24
然而事实证明,单纯的只采用异化或只采用归化都有可能 造成文章的生涩难懂,或不伦不类。 过度异化 领如蝤蛴,齿如瓠犀 《卫风. 硕人》 Her neck is like longicorn’s larva; Her teeth are like melon seeds. Her swan-like neck is long and slim; Her teeth like pearls do gleam. (Wang Rongpei)