英语二轮复习语法填空(三)(四)答案

国教中心2019--2020学年度高三下期英语二轮复习专题学案

语法填空（三）答案

考向一有提示词

一、提示词为动词

动词在7个提示词中所占的比重最大，一般4个；以考查动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词以及词形转换为主。

1．谓语和非谓语的判断

根据英语的句法结构，如果一个句子中要出现多个动作，构成的句式有以下三种：

[典例1]Modern methods 63.of/for tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid­1980s，and are expensive 64 (perform) consistently over a large area.(2019·全国Ⅰ) [to perform空格前出现了谓语动词are，且后边没有连词出现，故此处用非谓语动词；本句含有“主语＋be＋adj.＋不定式”结构，通常用不定式的主动形式表被动意义。故答案为to perform。]

[典例2]I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I 66 (make) over the years.(2019·全国Ⅱ)

[have made由第二个连词and可知，此处为两个并列句。故空处应填谓语动词，根据时间状语over the years可知，空处应用现在完成时，故答案为have made。]

2．谓语动词的时态和语态

判断所填空处为谓语动词之后，根据以下三个步骤做题：

[典例3]In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut 65 (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements，leading to a 66.belief that populations are increasing.(2019·全国Ⅰ) [have reported 根据上下文语境，尤其是时间状语In recent years可知，主句用现在完成时态，故填have reported。]

[典例4]Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award，proud Irene 64 (declare) she had no plans 65.to retire from her 36­year­old business.(2019·全国Ⅱ)

[declared根据上下文可知，该句主语为Irene，此处为谓语成分，根据后文had可知用一般过去时态，故填declared。]

[典例5]On the last day of our week­long stay，we 69 (invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars,70.listening to musicians and meeting interesting locals.(2019·全国Ⅲ)

[were invited由“On the last day of our week­long stay”可知，句子时态为一般过去时。根据句意知我们被邀请去参加一场私人音乐会，所以用被动语态。主语为we，故填were invited。] 3．非谓语动词

[典例6]On our way to the house，it was raining 61.so hard that we couldn’t help wondering how long it would take 62 (get) there.(2019·全国Ⅲ)

[to get此处考查“It takes (sb.) some time to do sth.”这一句型结构，表示“某人花费多长时间做某事”。]

[典例7]When we got a call 68 (say) she was short­listed，we thought it was 69.a joke.

(2019·全国Ⅱ)

[saying call与say是主动关系，故用现在分词形式saying作后置定语，解释名词call的内容。]

二、提示词为名词

一般考查名词单复数；有时也考名词变动词和名词变形容词。所以平时要注意结合构词法进行积累。

[典例8]We are so proud of her.It’s 70 (wonder)．(2019·全国Ⅱ)

[wonderful根据句子结构可知，在系动词is之后用形容词形式作表语，故填wonderful。] [典例9]No matter what you like to do，there is a way to get involved in various 6 (activity) on Earth Day.(2019·北京)

[activities根据设空前的修饰词various可知，此处要用名词的复数形式。故填activities。]三、提示词为形容词或副词

[典例10]It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been 62 (poor) studied.(2019·全国Ⅰ)

[poorly根据句意和结构分析可知，此处应用副词poorly修饰谓语动词studied，意为“研究很少”。故填poorly。]

[典例11]Scientists have responded by 67.noting that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements，leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are 68 (high) than they actually are.(2019·全国Ⅰ)

[higher根据其后than they actually are可知，此处为形容词的比较级，故填higher。]

四、提示词为代词

一般考查人称代词变为物主代词，主格变为宾格，有时也考查人称代词变为反身代词。[典例12]Nervously 2.facing challenges，I know I will whisper to 3 (I) the two simple words “Be yourself”．(2019·北京)

[myself本句的主语是I，当宾语与主语是同一人称时，宾语要用反身代词。故填myself。] [典例13]When the gorillas and I frightened each other，I was just glad to find 68 (they) alive.(2018·全国Ⅲ)

[them此处作find 的宾语，所以用宾格them。]

考向二无提示词

一、填冠词

空格后有可数名词，或者有序数词、最高级等形式，一般是填冠词。

[典例1]Of 69 nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations，three are declining，six 70.are stable，one is increasing，and nine lack enough data.(2019·全国Ⅰ)

[the考查定冠词。此处为特指，意为“在已知的19个北极熊亚种群中”，故填the。]

[典例2]When we got a call 68.saying she was short­listed，we thought it was 69 joke.

(2019·全国Ⅱ) [a考查冠词用法。根据句意“我们还以为这是一个玩笑”可知，此处joke为泛指，故填a。]二、填介词

介词位于名词、名词词组、代词或动名词前；动词后面的固定搭配，需要强化记忆。

[典例3]We were first greeted with the barking by a pack 63 dogs，seven to be exact.

(2019·全国Ⅲ) [of考查介词。固定短语a pack of意为“一群”。故填of。]