供应链管理 第三版 Unit7 习题与答案
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Chapter 7
Demand Forecasting in a Supply Chain
True/False
1. The forecast of demand forms the basis for all strategic and planning decisions in
a supply chain.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Moderate
2. Throughout the supply chain, all pull processes are performed in anticipation of
customer demand, whereas all push processes are performed in response to
customer demand.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Easy
3. For pull processes, a manager must forecast what customer demand will be in
order to plan the level of available capacity and inventory.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Moderate
4. For push processes, a manager must forecast what customer demand will be in
order to plan the level of available capacity and inventory.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Hard
The resulting forecast accuracy enables supply chains to be both more
responsive and more efficient in serving their customers.
5. The result when each stage in the supply chain makes its own separate forecast
is often a match between supply and demand, because these forecasts are often very different.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Moderate
6. When all stages of a supply chain produce a collaborative forecast, it tends to be
much more accurate.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
7. Leaders in many supply chains have started moving toward collaborative
forecasting to improve their ability to match supply and demand.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Moderate
8. Mature products with stable demand are usually the most difficult to forecast.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Moderate
9. Forecasting and the accompanying managerial decisions are extremely difficult
when either the supply of raw materials or the demand for the finished product is highly variable.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
10. Forecasts are always right.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Easy
11. Forecasts should include both the expected value of the forecast and a measure
of forecast error.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Moderate
12. Long-term forecasts are usually more accurate than short-term forecasts.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Moderate
13. Aggregate forecasts are usually more accurate than disaggregate forecasts, as
they tend to have a smaller standard deviation of error relative to the mean.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Moderate
14. In general, the further up the supply chain a company is (or the further they are
from the consumer), the smaller the distortion of information they receive.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Easy
15. Collaborative forecasting based on sales to the end customer can help
enterprises further up the supply chain reduce forecast error.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Moderate
16. Qualitative forecasting methods are most appropriate when there is good
historical data available or when experts do not have market intelligence that is
critical in making the forecast.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Moderate
17. Time series forecasting methods are based on the assumption that past demand
history is a good indicator of future demand.
Answer: True
Difficulty: Easy
18. Time series forecasting methods are the most difficult methods to implement.
Answer: False
Difficulty: Moderate