精品被动语态讲解PPT

• • • •
• •
•
The summary
• 一般现在时、一般过去时用be +及物动词的.过去分词，be 有人称、时、数变。 • 完成时态have（has）done，被动将been加中间。 • 一般将来shall（will）do，被动变do为be done。 • 将来进行无被动，shall（will）be doing。 • 现在完成进行时，have（has）been done。 • 现、过进行be doing，被动be加being done。 • 情、助、有、是妥安排，一律随新主语变。 • 否定助后加not，疑问一助置主前。 • 主语恰是疑问词，直陈语序主在前。 • 一般情助加be done，双宾多将间宾变。 • 复合宾语宾变主，宾补、主补相应变。
被打的豆豆
被动语态讲解
遥远的小岛上，住着一个倒霉蛋，它叫豆 豆，那里的人只有三件事要忙，吃饭，睡 觉，打豆豆。 你看，它总是被打，还不知道是谁打的。
Doudou is always beaten by someone.
昨天晚上 ，夜黑风高，它又被打了。
Doudou was beaten yesterday evening.
• 现在进行时 am is are being+ done
Our dear doudou is being beaten now . Marry is taking care of the children. 变为被动句 __________________________________
• 含有情态动词的 can/may/must be+ done • Poor Doudou may be beaten anytime .
• 过去时 was were + done • Doudou was beaten yesterday evening. • The bridge__by the peasants themselves in 1980. • A was built C has been built • B will be built D built
• Will be beaten 将来时 will be + done • Tomorrow ,Doudou will be beaten several times .
• ___the trees ___in the park next Saturday? • A Will…be planted B Will be…planted • C Will…plant DWill…planted
明天，豆豆还会面临n顿暴打，可怜的豆豆啊。
Tomorrow ,Doudou will be beaten several times .
可怜的豆豆，已经被这样打了很多年。 命运一直没有改变。 Poor Doudou has been beaten for many years.
wenku.baidu.com
我们亲爱的豆豆现在在干嘛，不用问，一定是正在被打 。 Our dear doudou is being beaten now .
D • Your exercise books ___after class. • A Will hand in B must hand in • C handed in D must be handed in
• • • • • • • • • • • • • •
被动语态的特殊结构形式 1 带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词+be+过去分词。 The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter. 2 有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语， 另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。 His mother gave him a present for his birthday. He was given a present by his mother for his birthday. 3 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不 动。 Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. The boy was caught smoking a cigarette. 4 在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面 不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。 Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. A stranger was seen to walk into the building. The boss made the little boy do heavy work The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss. 5 有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词+介词”，“动词+副词”等，也可以用于被动结构， 但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。 The meeting is to be put off till Friday. We can’t laugh at him. →He can’t be laughed at by us. He listens to the radio every day. →The radio is listened to by him every day.
注意：主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。 试比较：The door won't lock．（指门本身有毛病） The door won't be locked．（指不会有人来锁门,指“门没有锁”是人的原因） 2 表示“发生、进行”的不及物动词和短语，如：happen, last, take place, break out, come out, come about, come true, run out, give out, turn out等以主动形式表示被动意 义。 How do the newspapers come out?这些报纸是如何引出来的呢？ 3 系动词没有被动形式,但有些表示感受、感官的连系动词feel, sound, taste, look, feel 等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。 Your reason sounds reasonable.
• 现在完成时have/has been+ done
Poor Doudou has been beaten for many years. Have you posted the letters yet?
The letters have been posted. 变为被动句_______________________________
被动语态构成 Be done
• Be 的相应时态+动词过去分词
• 现在时 am is are + done • Doudou is always beaten by someone. • Children___in China. • A is taken good care B have taken goodcare • C are taken good care of D must take care of
• • • • • • • • • •
It is said that+从句及其他类似句型 一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如believe, consider, expect, report, say, suppose, think 等可以用于句型“It+be+过去分词+that从句”或“主语+be+过去分词+to do sth.”。有： It is said that…据说…… It is reported that…据报道…… It is believed that…大家相信…… It is hoped that…大家希望…… It is well-known that…众所周知…… It is thought that…大家认为…… It is suggested that…据建议…… It is said that the boy has passed the national exam.（=The boy is said to have passed the national exam.）
have/has been done
had been done
情态动词的被动语态
• • • • • 情态动词+ be + done must be done/mustn’t be done should be done/ shouldn’t be done can be done/ can’t be done may be done/ might be done
时态
被动语态结构
am/is/are done 一般现在时 表格：被动态基本结构 was/were done 一般过去时 现在进行时 过去进行时 一般将来时 过去将来时 现在完成时 过去完成时 am/is/are being done
was/were being done
will be done
would be done
随时可能被打的豆豆啊，谁来救救它啊。 Poor Doudou may be beaten anytime .
英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。 1.当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者, 2. 或者只需强调动作的承受者时，要用被动语态。
被动语态结构： be + 过去分词(PP) + (by …) 在改写中应注意： 1.把原来的宾语提到前面作被动语态的主语; 2.把动词变成“be + 过去分词”; 3.主动语态中的主语变为介词by的宾语。
• 谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义
• 1 英语中有很多动词如break，catch，clean，drive，lock，open，sell，read，write， wash等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式表达被动意义, 主语通常是物。 This kind of cloth washes well.