高中英语动词不定式的用法详解

(1).不定式作主语时,往往放在谓语之后, 用it作形式主语.
• To see is to believe.
• It’s impossible for humans to fly like a bird now.
(2).不定式作表语
• My job is to_p_r_o_t_e_ct_t_h_e_w__o_rl_d_. _. • Your task is to_____________ .
不定式作定语时， 应放在被修饰词的后面， 而且放在其他后置定语之后。
I have something to say, but my brother has a lot of homework _____, so I am looking for someone __________.
1. 作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不 定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、 工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词。
Note 2 不定式用在介词but, except, besides 后时,如果这些介词前有行为动词do的 各种形式,那么介词后的不定式不带to, 相反则带to.
(1). She could do nothing but cry. (2). I have no choice but to go.
(5).不定式作定语
done
完成进行式 to have been
doing
----------
(1).They pretended not to see us.
(一般式表示与谓语的动作同时/几乎同时/发生在 它之后.)
(2). He pretended to be sleeping.
(进行式表示在谓语动词发生的同时,不定式的动作 也正在进行)
_t_o_f_ly__li_k_e_a_b_i_rd_____now.
一.结构 : to do;(否定) not to do 二. 时态与语态
不定式 主动语态 被动语态
一般式
to do
to be done
进行式
to be doing ----------
完成式 to have done to have been
引导不定式作宾补的动词：
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
Warn, tell, allow, help, ask, force等 +sb to do sth
The teacher told me to clean the blackboard. I expect you to give me some help.
五看
watch
let
Unit 1
Revise the Infinitive
Do you believe I can fly like a bird?
How can you believe I can fly like a bird?
• _T_o_s_e_e__is to believe. • It’s impossible for humans
intend, learn, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise； refuse, seem, tend, threaten；
want, wish 等+ to do。
(4). 不定式作宾补
The teacher told me to_h_an_d__in__m_y_p_a_p_ers I expect you to____________.
(3) 不定式作宾语
• He likes to_p_la_y__b_as_k_e_t_b_a_ll__. • I find it still necessary (for him)
to ___________ if he wants to win.
句型：think/ consider/ find it + adj.+ to do
(3).She pretended to have known it before.
(完成式表示动作发生在谓语动作之前)
(4).We’re happy to have been working with you.(完成进行式表示谓语动作发生之前,不定式的
动作一直在进行而且可能之后也继续)
1. 作主语 2. 作宾语 3. 作宾语补足语 4. 作定语 5. 作状语 6. 作表语 7. 作独立成分 8. 与疑问词等连用
常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：
agree, afford, appear, ask, attempt； care, choose, claim； dare,decide,demand,deserve,determine； expect, fail, get, guarantee； hate, hesitate, hope, hurry；
注意比较：
1) Have you anything to send?
你有什么东西要寄吗？ （不定式to send的动作执行者是you）
2) Have you anything to be sent? 你有什么要（我或别人）寄的东西吗？ （不定式to be sent的动作执行者是 已被省略的me 或someone else）
He is looking for a room to live in.
2. 不定式所修饰的名词如果是time, place或way， 不定式后面的介词习惯上要省去。
He had no money and no place to live in.
3. something, anything, nothing, everything等 复合不定代词常用不定式做后置定语。
see
三使 make
look at observe
notice 二听
have
listen to hear
一感觉: feel
+ sb do sth （省略to）
Note 1 I made him do his work.
He was made to do his work (by me). 变成被动，被省略的to 要还原。
(6) 不定式作状语
in order to , so as to , enough to , only to , too….to.,