高三英语定语从句高考考点讲解
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他是一位我们大家都热爱和尊敬的好老师.
1.a.It is such an interesting book _____ we all want to read twice. C b.It is such an interesting book____ we all want to read it twice. A as, as B. that, that C. as, that D. that, as 2.I have never heard such stories ____ he tells. A.As B. that C. which D.Awhat
注意 the same … as / such … as 的使用问题 当先行词被 the same 所修饰时,关系词既可以 用 as,也可以用 that。在表示具体事物时,有时 两者有一定的区别。一般说来,表示同一种类多 用 as,表示同一事物多用 that。如: This is the same instrument that I used yesterday. 这就是我昨天用过的那台仪器。 This is the same instrument as I used yesterday. 这台仪器跟我昨天用过的那台一样。 在抽象概念上,同种类和同一事物是没有绝 对区别的,所以两个词可换用: I have the same opinion as / that you have.
control over the plane. A. where B. which C. while D. why
析:先行词situation意为“处境”,表抽象地点且在定语从句中作地点状语,所以应用关系 副词where引导定语从句。
D 例2: I can think of many cases________ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldn’t write a good essay. A. why B. which C. as D. where
考点二:分析有无先行词 巧解定语从句试题 考点二:分析有无先行词,巧解定语从句试题
先行词是被定语从句所修饰的中心名词,没有它的存在 定语从句就不能成立 先行词是被定语从句所修饰的中心名词 没有它的存在,定语从句就不能成立。 没有它的存在
例1: He made another wonderful discovery ,________of great A importance to science. A. which I think is B. which I think it isHale Waihona Puke BaiduC. which I think it D. I think which is
考点四: whose指物时可与of which等互换, 考点四: whose指物时可与of which等互换, 指物时可与 等互换 但应注意与冠词的位置关系。 但应注意与冠词的位置关系。如:
the cover of which
This is the book
is blue. whose cover
定语从句
The man who lives next to us sells vegetables.
后 放置于名词之_____,修饰名词的从句 , 放置于名词之 先行词 1. 关系词 2. 在从句中充当成分 连接作用
1. 关系代词 (主语 宾语 主语/宾语 主语 宾语)
who 1. 指人 that whom whose 2. 指物 that which whose as
3. 指某一情况 which 不能放于句首 关系词
放于句中或句首 “正如” 正如” 正如 2. 关系副词 (状语 状语) 状语 when where why
考点一:关系代词: as 考点一:关系代词 1、_____ is often the case, we have worked out the 、 D production plan. (04江苏) 江苏) 江苏 A. Which B. When C. What D. As 2、John said he’d been working in the office for an hour, 、 C _______ was true. (01北京春季) 北京春季) 北京春季 A.he B.this C.which D.who . . . . 1)非限制性定语从句一般采用 which 或 as 来引导。使用 这两个词时要注意三点: (1)as 引导的从句可以放在主 句之前,而which 引导的从句只能放在主句之后。(2) 从意义上讲,which 指前面主句的内容;而 as 指代的是 作为一般人都知道的常识性的东西,因此常译成“就 “ 那样、 象……那样、正如所 那样 正如所……的”。 (3)如果定语从句的内 的 容对主句的内容起消极 消极作用,则用 which,而不用 as, 消极
1) Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from_______effects the people are still suffering. (05津卷) 津卷) 津卷 B A. that B. whose C. those D. what D 2) George Orwell, ______ was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays. (04北京) 北京) 北京 A. the real name B. what his real name C. his real name D. whose real name
析:many cases 意为“场合”,表抽象地点且在定语从句中作地点状语,所以应用关系副 词where来引导定语从句。
A 例3: Her illness will not develop to the point________ no medicine can cure her. A. where B. which C. that D. as 析:point意为“地步”,表抽象地点且在定语从句中作地点状语,所以应用关 系副词where来引导定语从句。
因为定语从句中不能出现代替先行词的词,故 、 为错误选项 为错误选项,另外关系 因为定语从句中不能出现代替先行词的词 故B、C为错误选项 另外关系 代词应紧接在先行词后面,所以插入语 所以插入语I 应放在关系代词后面。 代词应紧接在先行词后面 所以插入语 think应放在关系代词后面。 应放在关系代词后面 例2: Is this factory________ you visited yesterday? D A. Which B. that C. where D. the one 不少同学可能会将factory作为先行词而误选 或B,其实将该句还原成陈述句 作为先行词而误选A或 其实将该句还原成陈述句 不少同学可能会将 作为先行词而误选 This factory is________you visited yesterday.时,可以清楚地发现该定语从句 时 可以清楚地发现该定语从句 缺少在从句中作宾语的先行词,所以应填 所以应填the one。 缺少在从句中作宾语的先行词 所以应填 。 例3: The students in our class study harder than ________are in their B class. A. who B. those who C. that D. which
“whose +名词中心词”这一结构在定语从句中既能作主语(如 题2),又能作宾语(如题1)。whose 的先行词常用来指人(如 题2),但有时也可以用来指具体事物或抽象概念(如题1), 这时可以与of which 结构互换,词序是:“名词+of which” 。题 1可变为:from the effects of which …
1.关系代词作介词宾语,不论是在限制性定语从句中,还是在非 关系代词作介词宾语,不论是在限制性定语从句中, 限制性定语从句中,当介词前置时, 指人, 限制性定语从句中,当介词前置时,只能用 whom 指人, which 指物;但如果介词后置,则不受这种限制,关系代词还可 指物;但如果介词后置,则不受这种限制, 以省去,特别是在口语中。如: 以省去,特别是在口语中。 Do you know the boy to whom she was talking? Do you know the boy (that) she was talking to? The pencil (which / that) he was writing with suddenly broke.
Such as 与such that B He is such a good teacher ____ we all love and respect. A that B. as C. who D. so 他是那样一位好老师,我们大家都热爱和尊敬他 He is such a good teacher that we all love and respect him.
考点五: 考点五:关系代词和关系副词的比较 1、Do you still remember the chicken farm _____ we visited 、 C three months ago? (05北京春季) 北京春季) 北京春季 A. where B. when C. that D. what 2、There were dirty marks on her trousers ______ she had 、 A wiped her hands. (04全国 ) 全国II) 全国 A. where B. which C. When D. that 当先行词是表时间 time, day 等和表地点的 place, house 等 时间的 时间 时,一定要注意分析从句的结构。如果缺少主语或宾语 主语或宾语,关 主语或宾语 系词应该用 which 或 that, 缺少时间状语或地点状语 时间状语或地点状语时,才 时间状语或地点状语 能用 when 或 where。题1中的 farm 作 visited 的宾语,故选 C;题2中的 trousers 作 wiped 的地点状语,故选A。
考点六: 考点六:介词加关系代词引导定语从句
C 1、The place ____ the bridge is supposed to be built should be 、 ___ the cross-river traffic is the heaviest. (05江苏卷 江苏卷) 江苏卷 A. which; where B. at which; which C. at which; where D. which; in which C 2、He was educated at a local grammar school, ____ he went 、 on to Cambridge. (05山东卷) 山东卷) 山东卷 A. from which B. after that C. after which D. from this
题1中 the place 在定语从句中作 to be built 的地点状语,此 处的 at which 相当于 where; 后面是表语从句,表示建在某 地。题2表示读完当地的语法学校后去剑桥深造,故选C。
介词加关系代词引导定语从句是近几年高考中 的热点,复习中需注意以下几个问题: 的热点,复习中需注意以下几个问题:
分析语境含义及句子结构可知,该空缺少先行词和在定语从句中作主语的关系代词, 所以应填those who。
考点三:有时先行词含义较为抽象 较难看出其属性 较难看出其属性,应多加思索 考点三:有时先行词含义较为抽象,较难看出其属性 应多加思索 并认真分析后才能正确解题。 并认真分析后才能正确解题。 A 例1: He’s got himself into a dangerous situation _____ he is likely to lose