SAT语法考点之平行结构例题解析
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常见平行结构标志词:
平行结构中的成分A和B必须在语法形式上一致。例如:
.
She never drinks or smokes.
.
.
He walked across the street and into the school.
.
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My sister is a dancer but her parents are teachers.
.
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Jacob speaks slowly and clearly.
.
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Prince William loves Kate Middleton not because of her beauty but because of her intelligence.
.
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Seeing is believing. =To see is to believe.
.
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Obama would either campaign for the president or campaign for the governor. .
Obama would campaign either for the president or for the governor.
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Obama would campaign for either the president or the governor.
.
例题讲解
1. To attempt acomprehensive mapping of the human genome is undertaking an
extremelyambitious project.
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genome is undertaking
.
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genome is to undertake
.
.
genome undertakes
.
.
genome , it undertakes
.
.
genome, thus undertaking
.
解析:选B。根据平行结构句式Todo is to do,只有B选项满足这个平行结构的标准。A 选项犯的是todo is doing这样的错误,不定式不能和动名词构成平行结构。C选项句意错误。D选项it指代不明,句意模糊。E选项句子结构不完整,没有谓语动词。
2. A fineorchestral performance will exhibit the skills of the musicians, their abilityto
work as an ensemble and how he or she responds to the conductor.
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how he or she responds
.
.
how to respond
.
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their responding
.
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their responses
.
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they respond
.
解析:选D。根据未划线部分的提示,可以判断原句应该是由and连接的平行结构。根据平行结构中的成分必须在语法形式上一致的原则,可以明显看出theskills…, their ability…
and how he or she responds…是不平行的,因为前两个成分是名词,而后一个成分是句子。所以只能选择D选项的名词theirresponses,这样才能跟前面的theskills和their ability构成平行结构。
小结
考生一定要记背常见平行结构标志词。在考试中首先迅速敏锐地发现这些标志词,然后确认句子中的成分在语法形式上是否一致,这样就能快速准确地解题。
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一、整体情况
培训对象:英语基础薄弱大学生或未接触过托福考试的高中生
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目标分数:80-90分
课程时长:根据学员需要而定
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课程课程:主讲托福词汇、托福语法、托福听力、托福阅读、托福口语、托福写作;辅导课程:梳理课程知识,解疑答惑,查漏补缺;
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第二次:课程结束,安排一次托福全真模拟考试及点评
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