英语语法讲解句子结构PPT课件

主语：一个句子所叙述的主体。
句子中的第一个名词或代词.
句子结构
主+系+表
主+不及物动词
主+谓+宾
主+及物动词+宾语
主+及物动词+间宾+直宾
主+及物动词+宾语+宾补
句子种类
按句子的用途分 按句子的结构分
陈述句
简单句
疑问句
并列句
祈使句
复合句
感叹句
1）简单句：只有一个主语（或 并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列 谓语）。
He worked hard all his life. (划线部 分在句中作状语，修饰动词worked)
He is a school student in No. 1 Middle School. (划线部分在句中作定 语，修饰名词student)
2) 并列句： 句型：简单句+并列连词+简单句
7. He was fond of drawing when
he was yet a chi复ld.合句
8. My brother and I go to school
at half past seven in the
morning at seven
ainndth简ceoem单vee句nbiancgk.
3）复合句：含有一个或一个以上从句的 句子。
从句包括名词性从句（主语从句、宾语 从 句、表语从句和同位语从句） 定语从句和状语从句等。
句型 主句+连词+从句；或连词+从句+主句 e.g. The foreign visitors took a lot
of pictures when they were at the Great Wall.
2. What he says doesn’t suit what he does.
(复合句包含两个名词性从句：What he says 是一个主语从句；what he does 是一 个宾语从句)
3. We often study Chinese
history on Friday aft简ern单oo句n.
e.g. He often reads English in the morning.
Tom and Mike are American boys.
She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers.
我们可以给句子的动词加上副词修饰， 给名词加上形容词、介词短语修饰，给 句子加上状语进行修饰等，以使整个句 子的意思变得更加的丰富和充实。但不 管如何变，都只有一个主谓结构。
句子
句子 句子 句子Βιβλιοθήκη Baidu成分 结构 种类
句子成分 主语:行为主体，句子描述的主体 谓语: 主语发出的动作 宾语: 动作的承受者
表语:表示主语“是什么”“怎么样” 状语:时间、地点、原因等 定语:用来修饰名词、代词
句子成分
主语：You beat him. 谓语: You beat him. 宾语: You beat him. 表语:He is bad./He is a boy. 状语:You beat him at home. 定语:You beat the bad boy.
4. The boy who offered me his
seat is called Tom复. 合句
5. There is a chair in this room,
isn’t there? 简单句
6. He is in Class One and I am in
Class Two. 并列句
并列句是由两个或两个以上的简单句 连接而成。并列句中的各简单句意义 同等重要，相互之间没有从属关系， 是平行并列的关系。它们之间用连词 连结。
e.g. You help him and he helps you.
The future is bright; the road
并列句的分类
1、表示连接两个同等概念，常用 and, not only…but also…, neither…nor…, then等连接。
复合句就是含有两个或两个以上主谓结 构的句子。这种结构中，必定有一个主 谓结构是句子的主句部分，而另一个主 谓结构则是句子的次要部分，即从句部 分。
As is known to all, China is getting more and more powerful. (As 引导 一个定语从句)
e.g. The teacher’s name is Smith, and the student’s name is John.
2、表示选择，常用的连词有or, either…or…, otherwise等。 e.g. Hurry up, or you’ll miss the train.
3、表示转折，常用的连词有but, still, yet, while, when等。
home
9. Neither has he changed his
mind, nor will he并do列so句.
10. What he said at the meeting is
very important, isn’t it?复合句
e.g. He was a little man with thick glasses, but he had a strange way of making his classes lively and interesting.
4、表示因果关系，常用的连词有so, for, 等。
e.g. August is the time of the year for rive harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark.
Where there is a will, there is a way. (Where引导一个表地点的状语从 句)
Exercises 判断句型
1.Having finished his homework, the boy went on to help his mother.
(简单句划线部分在句中作状语，修饰 整个句子)