非谓语动词课件

(3)作宾补
sb. to do
分词
1.作前置定语
1.Make less noise，there’s a sleeping child.
2.作后置定语
The bridge built last month needs repairing.
3.作表语
What you said is really inspiring.
be worth
动词不定式
1. To see you is glad. （作主语） =It is glad to see you. 常用it 作形式主语
2.I want to see you. (作宾语）
3.I want him to see you. （作宾补）
4.My hope is to see you. (作表语）
（3）名词 / 代词 + 形容词及其短语
The moon appearing, they decided to go on with their journey. The pupils are walking slowly, their teacher following.
（2）名词 / 代词 + -ed分词及其短语
Good-bye said, we went home. All things considered, it is a good plan.
(1)作主语
句型1：It is adj. for/of sb. to do sth.
It is + adj + for sb to do sth （是形容事物的性质的 ） It is + adj + of sb to do sth （是形容人的品质的 ）
Eg. It is easy for me to finish this work before ten.
doing
+
sb. to do
look forward to
can’t help
be used to
can’t stand
③
have fun feel like
give up
put off
pay attention to
have difficulty (in)
insist on
lead to
devote to
(2)作宾语 1.常见动词有：
want/intend/mean, decide/determine, agree, hope/wish/expect, promise, choose… 口诀：想要决定同意，希望许诺选择
2.见动名词用法
want expect wish allow advise ask cause force beg encourage invite order warn remind permit promise request persuade …
非谓语
动词不定式 to do
非
谓 语 动名词 v-ing
动
现在分词 v-ing
词 分词
过去分词 p.p
非谓的不同形式
一般式 完成式 动名词 doing having done
被动式 being done
不定式 分词
to do (将做)
done doing (正在)
to have done (将完成)
see watch look at observe notice hear listen to feel
+ sb./sth.
do
+ doing
done
注：以上词语用于被动语态要还原“to”
do
让…做…
make + sb./sth. + done 让… 被做
let
+ sb./sth. +
do
让…做…
When they heard the bad news
Given more attention, the trees could have grown better.
If they had been given more
attention
Being so angry, he couldn’t go to sleep.
表示将来
Eg: With a lot of difficult problems to settle, the man is having a hard time.
五.动名词的复合结构
1).物主代词 / 名词所有格 + 动名词 在句中作主语:
Mary`s coming late made her teacher angry. Do you mind my smoking? Do you mind my reading your paper? Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us. Rose’s going won’t be of much help. 2).人称代词宾格 / 名词 + 动名词 在句中作宾语:
现分和过分作定语的区别： boiling water 正在沸腾的水（表正在进行） boiled water 开水（表完成） developing countries 发展中国家 developed countries 发达国家 a disappointing look 一个令人失望的表情 a disappointed look 一个失望的表情
catch + sb. doing 撞见某人正在做...
Eg: I caught him reading my private letter.
with
sb./sth. doing
表示特征
+
sth. being done sth. done
表示状态
sth. to do
表示主动且进行/
表示被动且进行 表示被动且完成/
It's impolite of you to speak to the teacher like that.
句型2：It + 谓语 + to do
It takes us an hour ___ get there by bus.
句型3：It’s + n. + to do
It’s our duty __ help the poor.
独立主格结构本身不是句子，在句子中作状语，表示时 间、原因、条件、伴随、目的等。
Given more time, we could do it better.
Nobody having any more to say, the meeting was closed.
1．独立主格结构的形式： （1）名词 / 代词 + -ing分词及其短语
Because he was so angry
They came into the classroom, singing and laughing.
and they were Singing and laughing
To serve the people well, I study hard.
In order to serve the people
事
+ sth. to be done 留下某事要做
sth. undone留下某事未做 (unfinished、unsettled…
sb./sth. doing 让某人/某物一直
keep
+
做某事
sb./sth done
让某人/某物被…
(表示被动且完成/ 表示状态)
Eg: Keep the engine ['endʒɪn] running.
1. Seeing from the top of the tower, we can see a beautiful factory. 2. Given more time, we could do it better.
分词作状语：
Hearing the bad news, they couldn’t help crying.
注：修饰 的表情、脸色、情感等要用v-ed.
Eg. With a disappointed look on his face, he looked very sad.
4.作补语
I heard them singing in the classroom.
5.作状语 现在分词表主动进行，过去分词表被动完成
/ having done
()
否定式：在之前加“not”
to be done (将被做)
/ being done (正在被做)
动名词
1.Swimming is his favorite sport.
（作主语）
2.He enjoys swimming. （作宾语） 3.His favorite sport is swimming. （作表语）
4.The swimming pool in our village is being built. （作定语）
作宾语 ①
enjoy finish practice mind avoid suggest admit escape miss imagine risk
+ doing
注意
②
advise consider allow permit forbid
一般来说，分词或分词短语作状语，其逻辑主语要和句子 的主语一致。但有时候，分词的动作不是由句子的主语发出 来的，它有自己的逻辑主语。
独立主格结构（Independent Genitive）有两部分组成， 前一部份是名词或者代词，后一部分是非谓语动词(不定式、 动名词和分词)或形容词、副词、或介词短语。前后两部分 具有逻辑主谓关系。独立主格结构在句中做状语，多用于书 面语。
be done 让… 被做
to do
get + sb./sth.+ doing
done
让…做… 让…做… 让… 被做
do
have +sb./sth. +
doing done
让…做… 让…持续做…
让 …被做
注意：1.have sth. done 还表示 “使…遭受…”
Eg: Mr.Smith had his house broken into while he was away on holiday.
We should keep the windows closed.
find
sb./sth. doing
+ 在做...
发现某人/某物正
sb./sth done
发现某人/某物已
经… (表示完成/ 状态)
sb./ sth. (to be) 发现某人/某物…
Eg: We found him (to be ) dishonest.
object to
+ doing
like love 4 prefer start
doing
+
to do
begin
continue
forget
remember
doing
regret 5 stop
+
to do
try
mean
go on
need want
doing
require 6 deserve
+ to be done
well
将下列状语从句改为非谓语 短语作状语： 1. Because she was moved by
the hero, she decided to study harder.
Moved by the hero,
2. When he found the door locked, he went home.
2. have sb. doing 用于否定句中表示 “容忍”
Eg:I won’t have you speaking to your dad like that.
2. leave、keep、set、find、catch、with
leave
Baidu Nhomakorabea
sb. to do 留下某人去做某事
sb./sth. doing 让某人/某物一直做某
Finding the door locked,
He started early in order that he could get there on time.
to get there on time
复印资料练习
不定式和分词作补语的区别：
1. “吾看三室两厅一感觉”
5看：see、watch、look at、notice、observe 3使：make、let、have 2听：hear、listen to 1感觉：feel
I`m sure of him coming on time. He has never heard of a woman being a pilot. I don’t mind Jack (him) going. She hates young people (them) smoking.
独立主格结构