专门用途英语课程系列：大学学术英语视听说教程上.doc

专门用途英语课程系列：大学学术英语视听说教程上
Unit 1 Belonging to a Group
Chapter 1
The Marriage, Family, and the Home
•Reading and thinking about the topic
B. Answer the questions
1、Increased industrialization, greater geographical mobility, higher divorce rates and greater equality for women are among the changes that have affected family structure over the past century.
2、In the extended family, many generations live in the same household. In the nuclear family, two married adults live together with their children
3、Alternative family structures include single-parent families, couples living together without getting married, divorced couples who remarry, and blended families.
•Listening for factual information
A. Fill in the chart
1、Egypt
2、Niger
3、South Africa
4、Argentina
5、Canada
6、the United States
7、China
8、Japan
9、France
10、Spain
B. Listen and fill in the chart
18 29 27 27 31 18 16 34 35 27 32 30 34 33 •Interview 1 -The Stress of Teaching First-Graders Examining vocabulary in context：
1、compared to most people
2、food prepared at home
3、stop fighting
4、hardly
5、customs
6、origins
7、protection, a place to live
8、competition between brothers and sisters
9、telling others what to do
10、give up and cooperate
Listening for details：
1、C
2、B
3、B
4、C
5、B
6、B
7、C
8、A
•Interview 2- Family Stories
Examining vocabulary in context：
1、entertained, kept her from paying attention to something
2、laughing in an uncontrolled way
3、defrost
4、really funny
5、object that belongs to the family
6、distinctive, different
7、worth a lot of money
8、an object that remains in the family for many years
9、a family member with a bad reputation
Responding to questions：
1、Thanksgiving
a big dinner
2、plastic packaging
3、make them throw the turkey out
4、froze
5、a bow
6、unique and beautiful
a baby
7、pass it on to her children in the future
8、uncle
9、had a big disagreement with them Listening for stressed words：
Expert 1
A
C
Expert 2
A
C
Expert 3
B
C
Expert 4
A
C
Expert 5
B
C
•Before the Lecture
Main ideas and supporting details:
1.2
2.1
3.1
4.2
5.2
•Lecture Part 1-Lecture Part 1 Rewards and Punishments Guessing vocabulary from context:
1-5: iacjf
6-10: gdbhe
Organizing your notes in columns:
Main Idea 1
·family – the most basic unit of social structure ·how families are changing
·nontraditional families: good or bad effect on children Main Idea 2
·punishments
Main Idea 3
·eat vegetables – then ice cream
·Children get gifts for good behavior.
Main Idea 4
·second important way in which children are socialized ·Parents don’t let children watch TV if they get bad grades. Main Idea 5
·Hitting on hand/spanking doesn’t teach children anything. •Lecture Part 2 -Modeling
Guessing vocabulary from context：
1、f
2、d
3、e
4、b
5、a
6、g
7、c
Organizing your notes in columns:
Main Idea 6
·learning to behave by following an example
Main Idea 7
·First role models are often parents
·Peter likes to study because his mother studies with him. Main Idea 8
·do as I tell you
·Studies: If you smoke, probably ineffective to tell a child not to smoke. Main Idea 9
·family members, friends
Main Idea 10
·from TV: 80% of programs contain violent behavior
Main Idea 11
·grow up in environment with fair rules that are followed
Chapter 2
The Power of the Group
•Reading and thinking about the topic
B. Answer the questions:
1、People can belong to different groups: families, friends, groups at work, at school, and in religious settings, and societies and nations.
2、Peer pressure is pressure put on others of the same age or in the same situation.
3、The groups we belong to may influence our opinions, interactions, and decisions.
•Getting Started
Listening for specific information/B:
1、would
would not
2、would
would
3、would
would not
4、would not
would not
5、would
would not
•Before the Interviews
Before the Interviews：
a、go along with the crowd
b、jumping on the bandwagon
c、Two heads are better than one.
d、there’s no “I” in team
e、Don’t be a backseat driver.
f、you’re all in the same boat •Interview 1 -Living with Teenagers Examining vocabulary in context：
1、move or change
2、becomes fully developed
3、with a quick look
4、a new fashion that is suddenly popular
5、watch it carefully
6、place a limit on what is permitted
7、intimidated, frightened by others
8、groups of friends with shared interests
9、people who copy others’ behavior
Listening for main ideas:
2
3
4
7
8
•Interview 2- Expressions about Groups
Examining vocabulary in context：
1、student studying for an advanced degree, like an MA
2、stress, focus on the importance of
3、a person specializing in languages
4、people who are similar do similar things together
5、spend time with
6、acting in the same way as other people
7、large numbers of people went to the concert
8、suggests
Listening for specific information:
1、A
2、B
3、B
4、A
5、A
6、B
7、B
Listening for tone of voice:
1、joking
2、serious
3、joking
4、serious
5、joking
•Before the Lecture Organizational phrases:
a、7
b、2
c、4
d、1
e、8
f、3
g、5
h、6
•Lecture Part 1 -Reasons for Culture Shock Guessing vocabulary from context:
1、surroundings
2、articulated
3、immense
4、stressful
5、complex
6、irrationally
7、govern
8、manifestation
9、phenomenon
Organizing your notes in outline form:
II：
1、Reasons why people experience culture shock
2、Different stages of culture shock
III：
B、governed by other rules
C：1、irrationally
2、shocked and out of control
•Lecture Part 2- Stages of Culture Shock Guessing vocabulary from context：
1、d
2、h
3、a
4、g
5、c
6、i
7、f
8、e
9、b
Using a lecturer’s diagrams and charts: Stage 1
Honeymoon
Emotions:
euphoria
excitement
Stage 2
Letdown
Emotions:
loneliness
confusion
Stage 3
Resignation
Emotions:
adjustment
•Unit 1 Academic Vocabulary Review Academic Vocabulary Review：
1、acquire
acquired
2、alternative
Alternatively
3、benefits
beneficial
4、clarified
clarification
clarify
5、concentration
concentrate
6、conflict
conflicting
7、Conforming
conform
8、consequence
Consequently
9、controversy
controversial
10、cooperates
cooperative
Cooperation
11、distinct
distinctions
12、emphatic
emphasized
13、generational
generation
14、interactive
interact
15、react
reaction
Unit 2
Unit 2 Gender in Society
Chapter 3
Gender Roles
•Reading and thinking about the topic
B. Answer the questions：
1、Gender roles are the socially learned patterns of behavior that distinguish boys from girls and men from women.
2、The “nature/nurture” debate is about whether people’s behavior is
inherited (innate) or learned (acquired).
3、Boys and girls in many countries have more freedom today than in the past to explore their individuality, and less pressure to conform to traditional gender roles.
•Getting Started
Building background knowledge：
1、independent, strong-willed, adventurous, athletic
great
2、timid, sensitive
good
children
boys
3、gentle, sweet, helpless, vulnerable.
aggressive, bad, brave, strong
stereotypes
•Interview 1 -Bringing Up Children
Examining vocabulary in context：
1、bring up
2、period of time
3、vaccination
4、made to experience
5、important problem
6、do extremely well
7、feeling of closeness and friendship
8、make fun of / in a rough way Answering multiple-choice questions：
1、C
2、B
3、C
4、A
5、C
6、A
7、B
8、A
•Interview 2-Growing Up as a Boy or Girl Examining vocabulary in context：
1、brothers and sisters
2、deadline for returning home
3、protect, sometimes too much
4、emotionally encouraging
5、felt unhappy and angry
6、without raising any objections
7、take care of, protect from danger Listening for specific information：
Joy：2
Differently
Sharon：0
Not applicable
David：1
The same
Peter：1
Differently
Listening for opinions：
1.2
2.1
3.3
B
1.3
2.1
3.2
4.3
•Before the Lecture
Building background knowledge：
1、Coeducational refers to boys and girls being taught in the same classroom, as opposed to single-sex (also called single-gender) education.
2、According to the passage, boys often get more attention from teachers and are given more demanding academic challenges than girls in coeducational schools. In contrast, girls are encouraged to be quiet and well behaved.
Using symbols and abbreviations/A:
1-5: cjlia
6-10: mkfnb
11-14: dghe
•Lecture Part 1- Pros and Cons of Single-Gender Education for Girls Guessing vocabulary from context：
1、g
2、a
3、f
4、h
5、b
6、d
7、e
8、i
9、c
Using symbols and abbreviations:
Cons:
·♂/♀ can’t dev. ability to interact/be comfortable/compete
·no smooth transition into adult ♂/♀ world
Pros：
·values ♀’s unique quals.
·♂/♀ can’t dev. ability to interact/be comfortable/compete •Lecture Part 2 -Two Main Benefits of All-Girls’ Schools Guessing vocabulary from context：
（1）distractions
（2）confident
（3）collaborative
（4）self-esteem
（5）respect
（6）emotionally
（7）abstract
（8）support
（9）clarification
Using your notes to make an outline:
I：
A：abstract thinking 4 yrs. earlier than boys
C：collaborative learning activities
II：
B：collaborative learning activities
III：
A：have been doing well in school
•C：become more confident and make positive changes
Chapter 4
Gender Issues Today
•Reading and thinking about the topic
B. Answer the questions：
1、The women’s movement began in the eighteenth century.
2、In the twentieth century, people began to be encouraged to choose careers they were interested in. At home, husbands and wives began to share household chores more.
3、Not all women have benefited from this progress.
•Getting Started
Listening for specific information:
Situations：
1、work harder
have a baby and leave her job
2、loves his family
is more interested in her husband and children than she is in her career
3、discussing something important
just chatting
4、think the trip will be good for his career
wonder what her husband will think
•Before the Interviews
Building background knowledge
a、Mommy track
b、Old boys’ club
c、Level playing field
d、Glass escalator
e、Glass ceiling
f、Sticky floor
g、To get a foot in the door
•Interview 1 -Gender Discrimination in the Workplace Examining vocabulary in context：
1、deep and immediate
2、terrible, bad
3、feelings that are in conflict with each other
4、finding reasons not to feel bad about myself
5、usually
Answering multiple-choice questions:
1、C
2、B
3、C
4、B
•Interview 2- Gender Inequality at Home and in the Workplace Examining vocabulary in context：
1、difference in pay
2、not very large or important
3、co-workers
4、chief executive officer — one of the most important positions in a company
5、a feeling that they deserve the best opportunities
6、legal responsibility for a child
7、feel that they can do it even though they haven’t done it before
8、a group of mothers and/or fathers that meets so that their children can play together
9、a parent who is physically involved in caring for his or her children Answering true/false questions:
1、F
2、F
3、T
4、F
5、F
6、T
7、T
Listening for tone of voice:
2、B
3、B
4、B
5、C
•Before the Lecture
Building background knowledge:
1、A gender-specific term can show sexism. Chairman is one example.
2、A gender-neutral term avoids sexism. Chair and chairperson are examples.
3、It is difficult to be gender-neutral when using pronouns because there is no gender-neutral singular pronoun in English.
4、The pronouns imply that the doctor, secretary and shopper are all male. Using telegraphic language:
a、3
b、4
c、1
d、2
•Lecture Part 1-Gender-Specific and Gender-Neutral Language
Guessing vocabulary from context:
1、B
2、A
4、B
5、C
6、C
7、B
8、A
Using telegraphic language:
I:Sexism in lang. & how to avoid it
II:Terms that refer to men
III:Gen-neutral
IV:Grammar — problem
Many univ. profs/writers prob do same •Lecture Part 2-Questions and Answers Guessing vocabulary from context：
1、a
2、f
3、e
4、c
5、b
6、g
7、d
Using telegraphic language:
1、international organizations
words
ideas
children’s literature
women
2、does
chairman
men
authority
3、more and more
language
gender issues
•Unit 2 Academic Vocabulary Review Academic Vocabulary Review:
1、inaccurate
Accuracy
2、adjusting
adjustment
3、adulthood
4、availability
unavailable
5、unaware
awareness
6、bonding
bond
7、challenge
challenging
8、communication
9、discrimination
discriminate
10、expertise
11、individual
individualistic 12、intelligence
unintelligent 13、similar
similarities 14、Traditionally
traditional
15、Invisible
Unit 3 Media and Society Chapter 5
Mass Media Today
•Reading and thinking about the topic
B. Answer the questions：
1、The modern world is connected by all kinds of media, such as the radio, television, newspapers, and the Internet.
2、It communicates information, entertains us, explains, informs, describes, and educates us.
3、Some people believe that information is not always accurate. It may also be biased or incomplete.
Getting Started
Listening for specific information：
1、A
2、B
3、A
4、B
5、A
•Interview 1 -Problems with TV News
Examining vocabulary in context：
1、watching TV
2、medical surgery to improve your physical appearance/famous people
3、trick, play with
4、without serious meaning
5、speaking “off-camera” about what the viewer is watching
6、immediate satisfaction
7、reporting
8、tricked into watching
Answering multiple-choice questions:
1、C
2、B
3、A
4、B
5、B
6、C
7、B
•Interview 2- Opinions About the News
Examining vocabulary in context：
1、natural catastrophe, serious problem
2、surrounded against our wishes
3、the latest information
4、really believe
5、after it happens
6、photographers who take pictures of celebrities
7、unwelcome attention into private matters Listening for main ideas：
1、BC
2、AB
3、B
4、AB
Listening for stressed words:
1、A
2、B
3、B
4、C
•Before the Lecture
Listening for signal words: Occasionally
To begin with
Actually
These days
But
Generally
1、Nowadays
2、In fact
3、First of all
4、Sometimes
5、Usually
6、However
•Lecture Part 1- The Work of a Journalist Guessing vocabulary from context：
1、c
2、b
3、d
4、i
5、e
6、g
7、f
8、h
9、a
•Lecture Part 2 -Getting a Story into Print Guessing vocabulary from context:
1、b
2、e
3、a
4、d
5、c
6、f
Chapter 6
Impact of the Media on Our Lives
•Reading and thinking about the topic
B. Answer the questions:
1、People disagree about the effects of the media on society.
2、The media allows us to interact with others, participate in world events, connect with friends and strangers, and keep informed. However, not everyone has equal access to the Internet. The media also invades our privacy and may make us passive, violent, or materialistic. They also cause us to waste time.
•Getting Started
Recording numerical information：
•Interview 1 -The Advantages of the Media
Examining vocabulary in context：
1、firmly established
2、area/entered
3、grown in importance
4、critically important
5、feeling of affection for the past
6、biased, inaccurate
7、traditions, beliefs and values
Listening for specific information:
1、is
little
media
2、convenience
sending a letter
sending an email
3、photos and videos
4、don’t exist
5、lucky
has
•Interview 2-Disadvantages of the Media
Examining vocabulary in context：
1、forced to accept different views, not allowed to think for ourselves
2、prevents us from using well
3、available to you
4、disadvantages
5、communicate
6、with a high level of industrial development / with a low level of industrial development
7、uniform, the same for everyone
Listening for specific information:
1、antisocial
reading
2、cell phone
international communication
3、the developing world
the United States
Listening for tone of voice:
1、B
2、C
3、A
4、B
•Before the Lecture
Organizing your notes as a map:
•Lecture Part 1 -Violence, Passivity, and Addiction Guessing vocabulary from context:
1、g
2、a
3、b
4、e
5、c
6、f
7、h
8、d
Organizing your notes as a map:
1、susceptible to violence
boy jumped out of window like superhero on TV
2、we may make bad decisions because we can’t tell dff. btwn. fantasy & reality
3、time wasted on Internet always checking e-mail
•Lecture Part 2-Advertising and Invasion of Privacy
Guessing vocabulary from context：
1、a
2、f
3、d
4、h
5、b
6、g
7、c
8、e
•Unit 3 Academic Vocabulary Review
Academic Vocabulary Review:
1、V,N
2、N
3、V
4、N
5、N,V
6、V
7、A
8、N,A
9、A
10、N
11、A
12、V
13、V
14、V,A
15、N
16、N
1. Celebrity wedding plans revealed Access
restricted
selected
required
2. Cholesterol levels rising Consumers
perspective
overall
relevant
3. New smartphone released
Surveys
Innovation
manipulated
objective
4. Bees disappearing across the globe
issue
theories
negative
contradicting
Unit 4
Unit 4 Breaking the Rules
Chapter 7
Crime and Criminals
•Reading and thinking about the topic
B. Answer the questions:
1、Deviant behavior is unacceptable to society, but not all deviant behaviors are criminal. A crime is an illegal deviant behavior.
2、Two main categories of crime are felonies and misdemeanors. Other crime categories include white-collar crimes, blue-collar crimes, “crimes of passion,” and “modern” crimes that have been made possible by technology, such as cyber crime.
3、It is difficult to know how many crimes are committed because not all crimes are reported and not all criminals are caught.
•Getting Started
Building background knowledge：
5 1
6
7 3 4 2
•Interview 1 -Crime in Society Today
Examining vocabulary in context：
1、personally affected
2、walking around with no clear purpose
3、noisy, wild
4、even less, certainly haven’t
5、without any definite pattern
6、small metal object fired from a gun
7、situation that will lead to serious trouble
8、groups of young people who are involved in antisocial or illegal activities
9、lazy, not interested
Answering true/false questions:
1、T
2、F
3、F
4、F
5、T
6、F
7、F
8、T
•Interview 2-Being the Victim of a Crime
Examining vocabulary in context：
1、attacked and robbed
2、being charged with a crime and taken to court
3、easily influenced
4、strong and manly
5、broken into, searched, and left in a messy condition
6、something you can never get again
7、invasion
8、thieves who steal things out of pockets or bags, especially in crowds
9、emotional
Listening for details:
1、A
2、AB
3、BC
4、B
5、ABC
6、BC
7、AB
8、A
9、BC
Listening for tone of voice:
serious, thankful
thoughtful, surprised
sad，angry
angry, resigned
•Before the Lecture
Organizing vocabulary: Technical terms:
Categories of crime:
misdemeanor
white-collar crime
blue-collar crime
Types of crime:
fare evasion
pickpocketing
kidnapping
Methods of solving crime:
crime hotline
fingerprinting
psychological profiling
People who commit crime or are involved in punishing crime: jury
Defendant
Clarifying your notes:
misdemeanors
15
judge
•Lecture Part 1-Types of Crime Guessing vocabulary from context：
1、h
2、g
3、b
4、f
5、e
6、d
7、a
8、c
•Lecture Part 2 -Ways of Solving Crime Guessing vocabulary from context：
1、A
2、C
3、B
4、C
5、A
6、C
Using your notes to answer test questions:
1、questioning
establish many basic facts
2、adraid
publicly
a family member
3、unique
4、the way
personality and motivation
5、privacy
6、99%
Chapter 8
Controlling Crime
•Reading and thinking about the topic
B. Answer the questions:
1、One approach is to stop crime from happening in the first place; another is to punish it more harshly.
2、Educational and social programs could discourage young people from committing crimes.
•Getting Started
Listening for opinions：
2、B
3、A
4、B
5、A
6、B
•Interview 1 -Preventing Juvenile Crime
Examining vocabulary in context：
1、makes worse
2、machines that can detect guns, knives, and other weapons made of metal
3、physically examined
4、with one other person
5、become ineffective
6、organized
7、money
8、stronger, more serious
9、punishment
Listening for main ideas:
1、media
school system
2、security guards
entrances
searched
3、don’t
jail
wrong
4、security guards
5、instructional
athletic
6、does
better
•Interview 2- The Prison Experience
Examining vocabulary in context：
1、people who commit a crime for the first time
2、stopping people from committing crime
3、taught how to have a socially acceptable way of life
4、most important people
5、cruel and severe
6、programs that help released prisoners adjust to society
7、repeat criminals
8、disrespectful, critical
9、shame
Listening for main ideas:
While a convicted criminal is in prison
rehabilitation
educational
drug treatment
psychological
cut
After a person is released from prison Bridge programs
housing and jobs
very view
Listening for contrasting ideas:
1、A
2、B
3、B
4、B
•Before the Lecture
Recording numerical information:
1、1972
2、1976
3、over a thousand
4、67
5、2/3
6、9
7、0.5
8、1.1
•Lecture Part 1-Arguments Against the Death Penalty Guessing vocabulary from context:
1、A
2、B
3、B
4、C
5、B
6、C
7、C
8、C
•Lecture Part 2-Questions, Answers, and Comments Guessing vocabulary from context：
1、g
2、e
3、h
4、b
5、c
6、d
7、f
8、a
•After the Lecture
Summarizing what you have heard: controversial
deter
homicide
poor males
African Americans
make mistakes
to be punished
50,000 executions
•Unit 4 Academic Vocabulary Review Academic Vocabulary Review
1-5: hgfeb
6-10: dcalm
11-15: konij
1、investigated
demonstrate
committing
2、accurate
security
random
occur
3、statistics identified positive eliminate
4、detective
illegal motive
research。