英语 必修一 第五单元 语法 定语从句(2)

时间状语=why 当先行词是explanation或reason且关系 词在从句中充当原因状语时可由关系副词 why引定语从句。
关系副词when, where和why的用法
关系副词 when where why 指代的先行词 表时间的名词/ 名词词组 表地点的名词/ 名词词组 表原因的名词 充当从句的成分 时间状语 地点状语 原因状语
The babies (who/ whom/ that) the nurse is looking after are very healthy.
两种特殊的先行词
(1)当先行词为time，表示“次数”时，应用 关系词that 或省略。如： This is the first time (that) the president has visited the country. (2)当point, situation, case,stage等词作先行词 表示“情况，境地，场合”等意思时，其后常由 where引导定语从句，where在句中作状语。如： Can you think of a situation where this phrase can be used?
My father was born in the year when (= in which) World War Ⅱ broke out. The man with whom you talked just now is my neighbor. I can’t find the pen with which I was writing .
Unit 5 Nelson Mandela
Grammar
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定语从句
The Attributive Clause(Ⅱ)
2016年8月13日星 期六 2
定语从句的相关概念
1.定语从句：在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句。 2.先行词：
被修饰的名词,代词或整句话。
There was an earthquake which happened in Tangshan in 1976. 3.引导定语从句的词 关系代词、关系副词：
√
√ √
√ √ √
√ √ √ √
√ √ √ √
4
whose
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√
关系代词的用法注意点
(1) that和which都可以指物，但以下5种情况 只能用that 不能用which。
①当先行词为不定代词或被不定代词修饰时。如： This is all that I want from the school. .The earthquake woke up all the men that were asleep.
(4) 根据 句意来判断。
Water, without which man can not live, is relly important.
巩固练习：用适当的关系词填空
when 1) October 1, 1949 was the day______ on ______) which China was founded. (__ where 2) Beijing is the place ______ from______) which I came. (____ why (___ for which 3) Is this the reason ____ _____) he didn’t want to see me?
关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that等
2016年8月13日星 期六
关系副词： 3when, where, why等
关系代词的用法：
关系代词在从句中可以：
指人 指物 subject (主语) that which who whom
何时可以省略？
做宾语时可以省略 object attribute (宾语) （定语）
关系副词或介词+which\whom引导定 语从句需注意的几点：
1. 当介词放在关系代词前面时，关系代词只能用 whom(指人)或which(指物)，且关系代词不能省 略。 The man with whom you talked just now is my neighbor. I can’t find the pen with which I was writing .
(2) 根据先行词的习惯搭配来决定。
I remember the day on which I joined the Party. I remember the days during which I lived there.
(3) 表示所属关系或选择关系是用of
The old women has three sons ,two of whom are doctors. This is the book of which the cover I like very much.
2. 当介词位于定语从句末尾时，可用 which/that(指物), who/whom/that(指人)作从句 中介词的宾语.而且作介词宾语的关系代词可以 省略。 (whom/who/that) Dad is a person________________ I can easily talk to.
对比练习：用适当的关系词填空 where he once lived is still 1. The room_______ there. (that/which) I have to clean The room ____________ every day belongs to my mother.
地点状语=where
当先行词是表示地点的词且关系词在从句 中充当地点状语时可由关系副词where引 定语从句。
The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life. The time was a very difficult period of my life. I first met Nelson Mandela at that time.
(which/that) you were Is this the play ___________ talking about just now?
3. 在一些固定搭配的动词短语中，由于动词 和介词不可分割，因此不能把介词置于关系代 词之前。如： This is the watch (that/ which) I am looking for.
时间状语=when
当先行词是表示时间的词 且关系词在从 句中充当时间状语时可由关系副词when引 定语从句。
Can you explain the reason why you do not help me.
Can you explain the reason You do not help me for the reason.
介词+which\whom可以用来直接引导定语 从句或者代替关系副词引导定语从句。
1. 介词的选用原则：
(1) 根据定语从句谓语动词的习惯搭配来决定。 This is the book on which I spent 8 dollars.
This is the book for which I paid 8 dollars.
The school where I studied for only two years was three kilometres away. The school was three kilometres away. I studied in the school for only three years
I do not know the thing for the reason
I do not know the rቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱason.
介词+which/ whom引导的定语从句
This is the farm where (= on which) we worked when we were young.
He once lived in the room. I have to clean the room
when 2. I will never forget the day______ I met you. (that/which) I will never forget the day ____________ we spent together.
where in ______) which 4) Is this the room ______(__ we were living last winter? when 5) The days are gone _____ during which (______ ______) we used “foreign oil”. where 6) Yesterday, we had a meeting ______ at ______) which we discussed many problems. (__
I met you on that day We spent the day together.
why I don’t know the 3. The reason _____ thing is that I was not there at that time. (that/which) I don’t The reason _____________ know is known to him.
1、From the time When he was little ,he
had known what he wanted to be when he grew up. 2、Shanghai is the placewhere I was born. 3、We all known the reasonwhy he is so sad today.
(3) 关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词 的人称和数必须与先行词保持一致。如： Those who are against the plan put up your hands. Tom is one of the students who were praised by the teacher yesterday. Tom is the only one of the students who was praised by the teacher yesterday.
(2) that和who都可以指人，但下面两种情况， 多用who。 ①先行词为all, anyone, one, ones等时。如：
All who heard the news were excited.
②先行词为those时。如： Those who want to go please sign your names here. ③There be 结构的主语为人且作为先行词时如： There is an old man who wants tosee you.
②当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。
The TV tower is the highest building that has been built in this city.
The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten
③当先行词被 the only, the very, the last , the just, the right 等修饰时。如： This is the very book that I am looking for these days.
④当先行词中有人又有物时。如： Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about? . ⑤当主句是以who或which开头的疑问句时。 如： Who is the boy that shook hands with you just now.