2020高考英语临考冲刺查漏补缺专题习题精做强化训练：语篇部分专题二第3讲段尾类含解析

第3讲段尾类

段尾设空的类型多为总结本段内容，偶有起承上启下的作用。

1 总结概括句

解题指导做题时一要注意设空的前一句或前两三句；二要注意在选项中查找thus, therefore, hence, so, as a result, in a word, in short, to conclude, to sum up等表示结果、结论、总结的词语；三要注意与前文的逻辑关系，找到关键的线索词句，如表示转折、并列、排比等关系。如果在文章第一段的段尾设空，要认真阅读看此处是细节还是主题。通常文章的第一段要提出主题，如果在段尾提出主题，常用一些信号词(如转折词)引出来，正确答案中应有这样的信号词。

[典例](2019·北京高考)

If a basketball star is, for example, trying to gain a high personal point total, he may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammate, affecting the team's performance. Young children learning to play team sports are often told, “There is no I in TEAM.” __49__

D．Stars apparently do not follow this basic principle of sportsmanship.

解析 D 根据上文描述篮球明星的做法和空格前的“学习参加团队运动的小孩子经常被告知‘团队里没有个人’”形成的对比可推断出，选项D “明星们很明显不遵守体育精神这一基本原则”对全段作了总结概括，故答案为D。

2 承上启下句

解题指导做题时如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时要考虑与下一段开头是否有衔接，要认真阅读下一段的开头几句，看是否能紧密联系起来。[典例1](2018·浙江高考)

Moving into a new home in a new neighborhood is an exciting experience. Of course, you want to make sure that you become an accepted and valuable part of your new neighborhood. The easiest way to accomplish this is to make sure you conduct yourself as a good neighbor should. __31__

G．Here are a few tips to help you win over everyone in the neighborhood quickly.

解析G 根据下文叙述的几条建议可知，空格处承上启下；上文提到，被邻居接受的最容易的方法就是你要使自己表现出是一个好邻居。G项(以下是几条帮助你快速赢取社区所有人的心的建议)符合语境。

[典例2](2017·全国卷Ⅰ)

If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping, I would have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insect bites, ill-cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags. They had nothing in common with me.__36__

...

__40__ It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style.

A．This time there was no tent.

B．Things are going to be improved.

C．The trip they took me on was a rough one.

D．I was to learn a lot about camping since then, however.

E．I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.

F．After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.

G．There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.

解析36.D 空格处位于首段段末，由位置可判断出考查的有可能是带有转折性或启发性的承上启下的总起句。分析上下文，找关键词句：由空格前“If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping, I would have laughed heartily.”可知，作者一开始是不喜欢camping(露营)的，但从下文几段的叙述却发现作者逐渐爱上露营，暗示此处作者对待露营的情感态度应该出现转变。由此判断此处应是一个转折性的总起句。对照选项匹配：D项中“however”表转折，与上一步的判断对应，再D项中“since then”承上，“I was to learn a lot about camping ”启下，是下文的总起，故D符合题意。

40．E 空格处位于末段段首，本文又是夹叙夹议的文章，很大可能是文章的总结概括句。分析上下文，找关键词句：根据下文“It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style.”可知，作者希望每个人能找到适合自己的回归自然的方法，而根据上文可知作者回归自然的方式就是露营。对照选项匹配：E项“I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.(我必须得承认我真的开始享受露营)”既是对文章第一段中作者态度转变的一个总结，也很好地衔接了下文。

过关检测(限时：20分钟)

(2019·湖南株洲质检一)Rise and shine! Morning time just became your new best friend. Love it or hate it, using the mornjng hours before work may be the key to a successful and healthy lifestyle. __1__ In addition, the health benefits for those with a life before work go on and on. Let's explore 4 of the things successful people do before 8 am.

Exercise.

Most people that work out daily, work out in the morning. Exercising before work gives you an increase of energy for the day and a sense of accomplishment. Even if you