必修三Unit5同位语从句

必修三Unit5 Noun clauses as the appositive

同位语：对句子中某一成分作进一步解释、说明，与前面名词在语法上处于同等地位的句子成分叫做。（名词、代词、数词和从句）

Are you three ready to start out?

They each can get a chance to travel by air.

We have two foreign teachers, a Canadian and a American.

The news that we’re having a holiday tomorrow is true.

同位语从句：跟在名词后，进一步说明该名词的具体内容，作同位语的从句。

它通常跟在某些名词之后，如：advice, decision, fact, hope, idea, information,

message, news, promise, proposal, reply, report, suggestion, word（消息），problem，

question, doubt, thought等。

They were delighted at the news that their team had won.

Where did you get the idea that I could not come？

有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在被说明的名词后面，而被别的词隔开。

The thought came to him that Tom might have returned the book.

同为从句的连接词：

①that引导同位语从句时无词义，也不充当任何成分，但通常不可以省略。

He hasn’t made the decision whether he will go there.

The news that Mr. Li will be our new English teacher is true.

② whether引导同位语从句时意为“是否”，通常不能用if来代替。

The question who should do the work is being discussed at the meeting.

I have no idea what the boy is doing in the next room now.

③连接代词who, what等可以引导同位语从句。

I have no idea how I can get to the railway station.

I have no idea when he will be back．

④连接副词where, how, when等可以引导同位语从句

注意：表示建议、命令、要求等的名词（如suggestion, proposal, advice, order, request等）后跟同位语从句时，从句使用虚拟语气，通常用should+动词原形，should可以省略。

It’s my request that the work (should) be finished before 4 o’clouk.

同位语从句和定语从句的区别：

①意义不同：同位语从句用来对前面的名词起补充解释作用，二者同位关系；而定语从句是用

来说明先行词的性质或特征，起修饰和限定的作用。

1. The news that our team has won the final match is encouraging.

2. The news that you told us is really encouraging.

② that的功能不同：that引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，不充当任何成分；而引导定语从句时，

不仅起连接作用，而且还指代先行词并在从句中充当主语、宾语等成分。

1. Dad made a promise that he would buy me a CD player if I passed the English test.

2. Dad made a promise that excited all his children.

③that引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，故不能用which替换；而that引导定语从句时是

代词，常可以和另一关系代词which替换。

1. The fact that he is from Canada is new to me.

2. The fact that surprised me is that he is not Chinese.

④引导同位语从句的关联词，除that外，还可以根据句义使用任何其它疑问代词或副词；

而定语从句不可用what, how, whether等引导。

1.I had no idea at all what I should do next.

2. There is no proof whether he was killed by others.

⑤当when, why, where和how等引导的同位从句时，它们为连接副词，虽然在句子中充当成分，

但前面没有与其意义相同的先行词；而在定语从句中它们有关系副词，在其前面分别有表示时间，原因，地点和方式意义的名词作先行词。

1. Then arose the question where we were to get so many chairs needed.

2. That’s the reason why he didn’t come to the meeting.

一.同位语从句注意点

I. 说出下列从句的功能：A: Appositive（同位语）; B: Attributive（定语）

1.His proposal that we go there on foot is acceptable.

2.Many teachers hold the view that teenagers should not spend too much time online.

3.The first request that he made was to ask for freedom.

4. Do you have any idea where we will be sent?

5. Is this the company where your father works?

6. This is the reason that he gave for his absence.

7. He made an excuse that his car broke down on the way.

II 习题巩固：