轻质多孔材料研究进展

　第28卷第4期2007年12月 力　学　季　刊CHIN ES E QUARTERL Y OF MECHANICS Vol.28No.4　Dec.2007

轻质多孔材料研究进展

杨亚政1,2,杨嘉陵1,曾涛3,方岱宁4

1.北京航空航天大学航空科学与工程学院,北京100083;

2.中国科学院力学研究所,

北京100080;3.哈尔滨理工大学,哈尔滨150080;4.清华大学航天航空学院,北京100084)

摘要:高超声速武器是军事装备的发展方向,在未来战争中起着重要作用。轻质材料是高超声速飞行器设计与

制造的关键技术之一,它是实现高超声速飞行器高超声速、高机动性、远程打击等性能的基础和保障。高超声速

飞行器轻质材料主要有蜂窝材料、泡沫金属材料、点阵材料。这些材料具有超轻、高比强、高比刚度、高强韧、高

能量吸收等优良机械性能,以及减震、散热、吸声、电磁屏蔽等特殊性质,它兼具功能和结构双重作用,是一种性

能优异的多功能材料。本文从材料制备、结构设计、力学与物理性能表征等方面综述了高超声速飞行器轻质材

料的研究与应用现状,比较了三种轻质材料的机械和物理性能,重点评述了新型点阵材料的制备工艺、结构构

型、力学及其他性能,指出了其发展趋势。

收稿日期:2007209211

基金项目:国家自然科学基金(10632060,#90305015);国家“973”基金(G2006CB601202)

作者简介:杨亚政(19682),男,黑龙江北安市人,副编审.研究方向:固体力学.

通讯作者:方岱宁,教授,研究方向:电磁固体力学、细观力学、材料的强韧化和微电子器件可靠性.fangdn @

关键词:高超声速飞行器;轻质材料:制备工艺:力学性能:多功能

中图分类号:TB383 文献标识码: 文章编号:025420053(2007)042503214

Progre ss in Re search Work of Light Materials

Y AN G Ya 2zhe ng 1,2,Y ANG J i a 2li ng 1,ZHENG Tao 3,FAN G Dai 2ni ng 4

(1.School of Aeronautic Science and Technology ,Beijing University of Aeronautics and

Ast ronautics ,Beijing 100083,China ;2.Institute of Mechanics ,Chinese Academy of Sciences ,

Beijlng 100080,China ;3.Harbin University of Science and Technology ,Harbin 150080,

China ;4.School of Aeronautics and Ast ronautics ,Tsinghua University ,Beijing 100084,China )

Abstract :Hypersonic vehicles rep resents f ut ure t rends of military equip ments and play an important role in f uture war.Light mate rials and st ruct ures are one of t he most key techniques in design and manufact ure of hype rsonic vehicles.They are foundation and safeguard of hype rsonic velocit y ,high flexibilit y and long distancedest roying p roperties for hype rsonic vehicles.Hypersonic vehicle light materials ,which include honeycomb sandwich st ruct ures ,foamed metals and t russ st ruct ures ,possess light weight ,high specific st rengt h ,high specific stiff ness ,high toughness and good energy absorp tion p rope rties.They also possess energy dissipation ,heat dissipation ,sound absorption and elect romagnetic s hielding p roperties.They can be used not only as st ruct ural materials ,but also as f unction mate rials.In s hort ,hypersonic vehicle light materials are excellent multi -f unction materials.The recent p rogresses of research and application of light hypersonic vehicle mate rials in p reparation ,st ructure design ,mechanical and p hysical characteriza 2tion are s ummarized in t his paper.A comparison of mechanical and p hysical p roperties of t hree kinds of light materials are made.Fabricated p rocess configuration ,mechanical and f unctional p rope rties are em 2p hasized and t he tendency of light mate rials is pointed out.

Key words :hypersonic vehicle ;light materials ;materials p rocessing ;mechanical behaviors ;multif unction