如何搞定托福阅读排除题难点

如何搞定托福阅读排除题难点
新东方名师给大家讲解托福阅读中比较困惑的排除题。

新东方在线托福网为大家带来如何搞定托福阅读排除题难点，希望对大家托福备考有所帮助。

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很多同学又考到了托福阅读高分甚至是满分成绩!你，是不是也很想考高分?速度来围观~老师来给大家讲解一下比较困惑的排除题~
今天我们要一起讨论的主题是“托福阅读之排除题”;相信大家都了解排除题(否定事实信息题)和细节题(事实信息题)的相同点是：找detail信息;不同点是：排除题耗费时间较长，因为有三个选项是对的，只有一个是不对的;信息量是细节题的4倍。

在此我们把阅读题型难度设定为5颗星最难，耗时为5颗星最长，那么排除题难度系数为3颗星，耗时为5颗星。

从解题方法上来讲，也就是要用选项精准“定位”，逐一排除。

今天我们要讲的不是排除题的解题技巧，我们要通过一道排除题来看E(yi)T(tuo)S(shi)在设计选项上的高明之处。

我们一起来看一下TPO12的第一篇文章“which hand did they use”的第五题：
Paragraph 1: We all know that many morepeople today are
right-handed than left-handed. Can one trace this same patternfar back in prehistory? Much of the evidence about right-hand versus
left-handdominance comes from stencils and prints found in rock shelters in Australiaand elsewhere, and in many Ice Age caves in France, Spain, and Tasmania. When aleft hand has been stenciled, this implies that the artist was right-handed,and vice versa. Even though the paint was often sprayed on by mouth, one canassume that the dominant hand assisted in the operation. One also has to makethe assumption that hands were stenciled palm downward—a left hand stenciledpalm upward might of course look as if it were a right hand.Of 158stencils in the French cave of Gargas, 136 have been identified as left, andonly 22 as right; right-handedness was therefore heavily predominant.
Paragraph 2: Cave art furnishes othertypes of evidence of this phenomenon. Most engravings, for example, are bestlit from the left, as befits the work of right-handed artists, who generallyprefer to have the light source on the left so that the shadow of their handdoes not fall on the tip of the engraving tool or brush. In the few cases wherean Ice Age
figure is depicted holding something, it is mostly, though notalways, in the right hand.
Allof the following are mentioned in paragraphs 1 and 2 as evidence ofright-handedness in art and artists EXCEPT
○the ideal source of lightingfor most engravings
○the fact that a left handstenciled palm upward might look like a right hand
○the prevalence of outlines ofleft hands
○figures in prehistoric artholding objects with the right hand
给大家2分钟完成这道题目(因为排除题耗时长，平均时间是2-3分钟，可以通过压缩词汇题时间来达到平衡，所以大家不要因为耗时长而惊慌!) Paragraph1: We all know that many more people today are right-handed than left-handed.Can one trace this same pattern far back in prehistory? Much of the evidenceabout right-hand versus left-hand dominance comes from stencils and printsfound in rock shelters in Australia and elsewhere, and in many Ice Age caves inFrance, Spain, and Tasmania. When a left hand has been stenciled, this impliesthat the artist was right-handed, and vice versa. Even though the paint wasoften sprayed on by mouth, one can assume that the dominant hand assisted inthe
operation. One also has to make the assumption thathands were stenciled palm downward—a left hand stenciled palm upward might ofcourse look as if it were a right hand. Of 158stencils in the French cave of Gargas, 136 have been identified as left, andonly 22 as right;
right-handedness was therefore heavily predominant.
Paragraph2: Cave art furnishes other types of evidence of this phenomenon.Most engravings, for example, are best lit from the left, asbefits the work of right-handed artists, who generally prefer to have the lightsource on the left so that the shadow of their hand does not fall on the tip ofthe engraving tool or brush. Inthe few cases where an Ice Age figure is depicted holding something, it ismostly, though not always, in the right hand.
Allof the following are mentioned in paragraphs 1 and 2 as evidence of right-handedness in art and artists EXCEPT
○the ideal source of lightingfor most engravings
○the fact that a left hand stenciled palm upwardmight look like a right hand
○the prevalence of outlines of left hands
○figures in prehistoric art holding objects with the right hand
我将每个选项对应的原文分别标出应有的颜色，童鞋们可以看到每个选项都有对应，那么说明有一个选项是错的，那是哪一个呢?
先扫一下核心词汇：
ideala.理想的;lighting照明;stencil v.用模板画;palm n.手掌;prevalence n.普遍;figure n人物;
选项—原文对照：
○the idealsource of lighting for most engravings
Most engravings, for example, are best lit from the left, as befitsthe work of right-handed artists, who generally prefer to have the light sourceon the left so that the shadow of their hand does not fall on the tip of theengraving tool or brush.
○the fact that a left hand stenciled palm upward might look like a right hand
One also has to make the assumption that hands were stenciled palmdownward—a left hand stenciled palm upward might of course look as if it were aright hand.
○the prevalence of outlinesof left hands
Of 158 stencils in the French cave of Gargas, 136 have beenidentified as left, and only 22 as right; right-handedness was thereforeheavily predominant.
○figuresin prehistoric art holding objects with theright hand
In the few cases where an Ice Age figure is depicted holdingsomething, it is mostly, though not always, in the right hand.
这是童鞋们肯定非常犹豫和困惑，所有的选项都是一样的对应啊!没有一个是错的!其实答案的突破点在这里：
○the fact that a left handstenciled palm upward might look like a right hand
One also has to make the assumptionthat hands were stenciled palm downward—a left hand stenciled palm upward mightof course look as if it were a right hand.
原文是assumption，选项是fact，假设≠事实，所以答案选B;这种情况在阅读当中经常出现。

长难句分析：
1. Mostengravings, for example, are best lit from the left, as[定语从句，as引导修饰前面整句话] befits the work of right-handed artists, who[定语从
句，who引导修饰artists] generally prefer to have the light source on the left so that the shadow of their hand does not fall on the tip of the engraving tool or brush.
核心词汇：
engraving n.雕刻物;
light-lit-lit v照亮;
befitv.适合于;
so that因此;
tip n.尖端;
语法分析：
as做定语修饰前面整句话，who做定语修饰前面名词artists。

翻译：大多数的雕刻物最好从左边照，这样适合右撇子艺术家工作，他们更喜欢灯光在左边，因此他们手的影子不会落到雕刻工具或者刷子的笔尖上。

注意：as和which一样，在非限制性定语从句中，可以修饰前面整句话;
例子：As everybody knows, Taiwan belongs to China.
As is known to us, Taiwan belongs to China.
2.One also has to make the assumption that[定语从句，who引导修饰artists] hands were stenciled palm downward—[破折号同位语，解释同位语] a left hand stenciled palm upward might of course look as if it were a right hand.
翻译：人们做出推测：左手做模具，手掌向下，画出左手;左手做模具，手掌向上，似乎画出右手。

语法分析：
that同位语从句解释assumption
注意：
这里的one可以代指people，而不是一个人。

背景知识拓展：
画画的人只有两只手，右撇子画家，右手作画，左手当做模具，如果要在painting上画出左手的样子，手掌向下就可以，如果要画出右手的样子，左手向上就可以了。

有时候读文章，适当的加入常识和一点点想象，做题正确概率要高很多。

以上就是新东方在线托福网为你带来的如何搞定托福阅读排除题难点，更多精彩敬请关注新东方在线托福网。