英美文化概论 纯正英语版 Introduction to the UK[1]

《泰晤士报》 .《卫报》 .《金融时报》 .《每日电讯报》 . 《观察家报》 .《每日快报》 .《每日邮报》 Museum: The British Museum 大英博物馆
世界三大博物馆？ 大英博物馆， 纽约的大都会艺术博物馆， 巴黎的卢浮宫 中国三大博物馆？
故宫博物院，南京博物院 ，台北故宫博物馆
英国国旗

英国国旗：呈横长方形，长与宽之比为2∶1。为 “米”字旗，由深蓝底色和红、白色“米”字组成。 旗中带白边的红色正十字代表英格兰守护神圣乔治， 白色交叉十字代表苏格兰守护神圣安德鲁，红色交 叉十字代表爱尔兰守护神圣帕特里克。此旗产生于 1801年，是由原英格兰的白地红色正十旗、苏格兰 的蓝地白色交叉十字旗和爱尔兰的白地红色交叉十 字旗重叠而成。
England

England is a highly urbanized country, with 80% of its population living in cities, and only 2% of the population working in agriculture. England is the largest of the four nations, and it has by far the largest population. This domination in size is reflected in a cultural and economic dominance too, which has the result that people in foreign countries sometimes make the mistake of talking about England when they mean the UK. Significantly, people in England sometimes make that mistake too, but people in the other three nations would not: they might call themselves British, or they might call themselves Scottish or Welsh or Irish, but they certainly wouldn’t call themselves English. So of the four nations, the English feel most British.
London
When a man is tired of London, he is tired of life; for there is in London all that life can afford. ---Samuel Johnson (1709-1784)
London is in the south of the country, and, is dominant in the UK in all sorts of ways. 1)The largest city in the country, with about one seventh of the nation’s population; 2) The seat of government 3) The cultural centre, home to all the major newspapers, TV stations, and the widest selection of galleries, theatres and museums. Major newspapers: Times The Guardian The Financial Times The Daily Telegraph The Observer The Daily Express The Daily Mail
Four parts of Britain
England the island of the Great Britain Scotland
Wales
Britain
Northern Ireland ? Full name
The United kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Britain’s role in the past and now
Before the WWII a huge overseas empire. After the WWII no longer an imperial country. With independence of many former colonies such as Australia, Canada, India which maintain links with Britain now through a loose and voluntary organization called the Commonwealth of Nations(英联邦国家) Now the role as a member of European Union (欧 盟)(1973) is more useful when considering modern Britain to emphasize its role as a European nation, rather than its membership of the Commonwealth. Now it remains a relatively wealthy country, a member of large developed economies. On average, the south is more wealthy than the north. 返回
The makeup of British population
Immigration from some of those Commonwealth countries , which was encouraged in the 1950s and 1960s, has produced a population of which 1 in 20 are of non-European ethnicity (such as India, Pakistan, the countries of the Caribbean ),so it’s a multiracial society.返回
the UK Ireland U.S.A. Canada Australia New Zealand

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland




A Brief Introduction of the UK The Government of the UK British Foreign Relations British Education System The Economy of UK Politics, Class and Race in Britain Sports, Holidays and Festivals in Britain
Class-structure in the UK
Most countries have some kind of class system, but it’s true to say that the class structure of the UK society is relatively obvious. They (factory worker vs stockbroker) tend to read different newspapers, watch different TV programs, speak with a different accent, do different

TV stations: BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation) Sky News 天空新闻频道成立于１９８９年，是英国第一个２４小时新闻频道。全 球４０多个国家能够收看到这一频道。

4) The business and financial center, headquarters of the vast majority of Britain’s big companies, one of the three major international financial centers. But London also faces transportation and other environmental problems.
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参考书目




1.朱永涛,2005,英语国家社会与文化入门.北 京:高 等教育出版社. 2.朱永涛,2003,英美文化基础教程.北京:外语教学与 研究出版社. 3.王佐良,1992, 欧洲文化入门.北京:外语教学与研究 出版社. 4. 来安方,1995,英美概况.郑州:河南教育出版社.
Main English-speaking Countries
Unit 1 A Brief Introduction to the United Kingdom
A brief introduction to the UK
Introduction to the UK ◆ Area and population ◆Britain’s role in the past and now ◆English Gentleman ◆Class-structure in the UK ◆London ◆England ◆Scotland ◆Wales
A Stereotype: English Gentleman
Many people who think of Britain think of the English gentleman. But this is just a stereotype which never applied to the majority of the British people, and really has little validity today.返回
The Society and Culture of Major English-Speaking Countries
课程意义

本课程旨在帮助英语学习者了解英美国家的社 会与文化概况,如地理﹑历史﹑政治﹑经济﹑教育﹑ 社会生活和文化传统等方面的基础知识。使语言教 学与文化知识紧密结合，从而促进英语学习。 同时， 通过文化知识和文化修养来提高人的性情﹑趣味﹑ 道德和价值标准。
英国国徽( national emblem )

英国国徽即是英国皇室的徽章，左上、右下两部分图案 相同， 即红地上绘有3头金色雄狮，它们代表着英格兰； 右上方点缀着鸢尾花的方框中有一头跃立的红狮，是苏 格兰的标志，左下方镶嵌在蓝地中的金色银弦竖琴象征 爱尔兰。一条嘉得勋章的蓝色绥带环绕盾徽，上面铭刻 着英国上层社会的一句格言：“恶有恶报”。盾徽两侧 分别侍立着一头英国王狮和银色的苏格兰独角兽，上方 有一顶金银相嵌的头盔，其上供奉着华丽富贵的帝国冠 冕。盾徽底部的白色丝带上英王的座右铭熠熠闪光： “神赐予我权利”。
National
song
“God Save the Queen” or “God Save the King”
Chief of the State – Queen: ElizabethⅡ
Area
244 820 sqkm land 241590 sqkm Water 3232 sqkm Population 61.4million (by June 2008)
Comparison
地区 面积（平方公里） 人口 英国 24万 6140万 山东省 16万 9082万 济南市 8177 605万 广西省 23万 4822万 北京 1.6万 1423万
The makeup of British population
Population of the United Kingdom (in millions) England Scotland Wales N. Ireland 50.187 5.109 2.95 1.708
things in their free time, and have different expectations for their children. In recent decades, more and more people have felt that they belong to the middle class and less to the working class.