英语五大基本句型(课堂PPT)

2. He understands English.
3. They cleaned
our classroom.
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Exercises:
1.我看了一部电影。
I saw a film .
2.我收到了笔友从澳大利亚寄来的信。
I received a letter from my pen friend in Australia.
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Correct mistakes:
1. Her voice sounds beautifully.
beautiful 2. The whole company was surprising at the news. 3. It seem like a good idea. surprised
若要先说出直宾(事物)，后说间宾(人)， 要借助介词to/for
give me power = give power to me
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Exercises:
1．他给你买了本字典。
He brought you a dictionary.
2．奶奶可以给我讲一个有趣的故事。
Grandma can tell me an interesting story.
3．她为丈夫做了顿美味的饭菜。
She cooked her husband a delicious meal. =She cooked a delicious meal for her husband.
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4.主谓宾 宾补
除谓语(vt.)本身需要一个宾语外， 还需要一个词 来补充说明宾语，才能表达完整意思。
➢系动词： 联系动词，联系主语和表语
➢表语： 表明主语特征，类属，状态，身份等
系动词本身不能表达完整意义，要形容词、名词、介 词短语作表语等来补充说明主语。
Miss Yang is a teacher. Miss Yang looks energetic. Smelly tofu smells smelly.
eg. Miss Yang makes me happy.
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4.主谓宾 宾补
可做宾补的有名词，形容词，副词，介词短语， 动词不定式，分词。
The sun keeps us warm. I heard him singing.
They made Tom monitor. The teacher asked me to answer the question.
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Exercises: 1.我咳了一夜。 I coughed all night.
2.我的爷爷早晨起得很早。
My grandfather gets up early in the morning.
3.在过去的十年里，我的家乡已经发生了巨大的 变化。
Great changes have taken place in my home town in the past ten years.
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常见的系动词有：
(1) Be 动词： am is are
(2) 感官动词： look taste sound smell seem feel appear
(3) 表示状态延续的： remain stay keep stand
(4) 表示状态变化的 become get turn go run fall come grow
英语句子基本结构可归纳成五种基本句型，及 其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本 句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。
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1.主谓 2.主系表
哪五大基本句型？
The sun rises. I am hungry.
3.主谓宾 I brush my teeth.
4.主谓宾 宾 Mom gives me breakfast.
3.那位先生能流利地说三种语言。
That gentlemen can speak three languages fluently.
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3.主谓宾宾 eg. Knowledge gives me power.
主 + 谓（vt）+间宾（人）+直宾（事物）
eg. She asked me the question. I told him the answer.
5.主谓宾 宾补 It makes me happy！
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1.主谓(vi.)
➢ 主语
动作发出者，名词（短 语）、代词、不定式、 动名词或从句充当。
➢ 谓语 主语发出的动作，动词 （短语）充当。
Eg. I came, I saw, I
conquered.
我来了，我看见了，我征 服了！
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1.主谓(vi.)
五大基本句型
Simple Sentences
Rita
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句什子么包是括句哪子些？成分？ ——基本成分七种
主宾定补由 概 结语语语语词念尾（ （（（按的要soac照语有uotbtbmj一言．rejiebpc定单？ctule）t语位t）！me法。）en结句t）构子谓表状组的语语语成第（（(a，一ppdrrv是个eeedd能字ribicc表母iaaattl达必e)iv）一须e）个大完写整，
1.此句型谓动能表达 完整的意思，叫不及 物动词（vi.）。
2.后面可跟副词、介 词短语、状语从句等 修饰。
S（主） vi（谓）
1. Time
fቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱies.
2. The moon rose.
3. The man cooked.
4. Everybody laughed.
5. I
woke.
6.They talked for half an hour. 7. He walked yesterday. 8.They stopped to drink.
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Exercises:
1.我们叫她Alice.
We call her Alice.
2.我们大家都认为他是诚实的。
All of us considered him honest.
3.我们要使学校变得更美丽。
We will make our school more beautiful.
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5.主系表
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2.主谓(vt.)宾 eg. We love Miss Yang.
➢宾语
动作的承受者，名词（短语）、代词、不定式、动名词或从 句来充当。
此句型谓动不能表达完整意思，必须接个宾语，即动作承受者，
才能使意思完整，这类动词叫及物动词(vt.)。
S
vt.(谓)
O (宾语)
1. I
wrote
a letter