英语句子成分课件 (1)
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(带to不定式作宾补) ❖ Don’t keep the fire burning. (现在分词作宾补) ❖ I’ll have my bike repaired. (过去分词作宾补)
双宾语和宾补的区别
❖ He gave me a book.(他给我一本书) 在这个句子 中,me作间接宾语,a book作直接宾语。 如果一 个句子中的某一个动词接了两个宾语,那么,指 “人”的是间接宾语,指“物”的为直接宾语。而 且,这两个宾语不能形成逻辑上的主谓关系,如, 你不能说 I am a book.
❖ 2) He reads newspapers everyday.
❖ 3) Two and ten is twelve.
❖ 4) Smoking is harmful to the health.
❖ 5) To swim in that pool is a great pleasure.
❖ 6) What we shall do next is not yet decided.
六.定语
❖ 修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定 语(Attribute)。定语可由以下等成分表示:
1.Guilin is a beautiful city. (形容词)
2.China is a developing country; America is a developed country. (分词)
Wang Ling lent me a novel to read in the bus. (双宾语) me 间接宾语 表示动作是对谁或为谁做的。 a novel 直接宾语 表示动作的直接承受者或结果。
(2)复合宾语(宾语+宾补),例如: They elected him their monitor.
He sent the novel to William yesterday.
跟for: leave, buy, build, choose, cook, draw, find, get, order, post, save等,例如:
She bought a gift for her mother.
十大词类
student 名词 the 冠词
he 代词
on 介词/ 副词
ten 数词
what 连词
read 动词
oh 感叹词
well-known 形容词 and 连词
quickly 副词
first 数词 beautiful 形容词
here 副词 me 代词 an/a 冠词
during 介词
work 名词 / 动词
1. How about meeting again at six(? 时间状语) 2.Last night she didn’t go to the dance (时间p状ar语ty)because of the rain.(原因状语) 3.I shall go there if it doesn’t rain.(条件状语) 4.Mr Smith lives on the third floor.(地点状语) 5.She put the eggs into the basket with
2.We often speak English in class(. 代词)
3.One-third of the students in this class are girls. (数词)
4.To swim in the river is a great pleasure.
(不定式)
5.Smoking does harm to the health(. 动名词)
there? ❖ We have made it clear that we disagreed.
5.宾语补足语:在宾语后面补充说明宾语的动作, 状态,特征. ❖ We elected him monitor. (名词作宾补) ❖ We will make them happy. (形容词作宾补)
6.The rich should help the poor.
(名词化的形容词)
7.When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. (主语从句)
8.It is necessary to master a foreign language.
句子成分
定义ຫໍສະໝຸດ Baidu
❖构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成 分。句子成分有主要成分和次要 成分;主要成分有主语和谓语; 次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、 状语、补足语和同位语。
英语的基本成分有八种:
主语(subject) 谓语(predicate) 宾语(object) 宾语补足语 (object complement) 表语(predicative) 定语(attribute) 状语 (adverbial) 同位语(appositive)
seem,appear, look 4)感官系动词 感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste. 5)变化系动词 这些系动词表示主语变成什么样,变化系动词主要有
become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run. 6)终止系动词 表示主语已终止动作,主要有prove, turn out, 表达"证实","变成" 之意,
由情态动词或其他助动词 + 动词原形构成。如:
You may keep the book for two weeks.
He has caught a bad cold. 注意:谓语与主语在人称与数方面要保持一致。
4.宾语
❖ 宾语(Object)表示动作的对象或承受者,一 般位于及物动词和介词后面。例如:
1.They went to see an exhibition yesterday.
(名词)
2.The heavy rain prevented me from coming to school on time. (代词、 动名词)
3.How many dictionaries do you have? I have five. 名词 数词
❖ 6) His work is teaching French. (动名词短语)
❖ 7) The question is who can really repair the machines.
(从句)
系动词的主要分类: 1)状态系动词: 用来表示主语状态,只有be一词. 2)持续系动词: 用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度, 主要有keep, remain, stay, lay, stand. 3)表像系动词: 用来表示"看起来像"这一概念,主要有
college entrance examination.
(不定式短语)
4.He is in the room making a model plane.
(分词短语)
5.Wait a minute. (名词)
6.Once you begin, you must continue.
(状语从句)
9种状语种类:
❖ 7) There are many students in the classroom.
❖ 8)How much money do you have?
1.During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular. (名词)
❖ 如果一个动词后所接的两个宾语能够形成逻辑上的 主谓关系,则是宾语和宾补的关系。例: We elected him monitor.在这个句子中,we作主语, elected作谓语,him为宾格,作宾语,monitor作 宾语的补足语,而且,此句的宾语him可以和后面 的monitor构成逻辑上的主谓关系,即:he is a monitor.
4.They helped the old with their housework
yesterday.(名词化形容词
名词)
5.He pretended not to see me.
(不定式短语)
6.I enjoy listening to popular music.
(动名词短语)
7.I think(that)he is fit for his office.
3.表语:是谓语的一部分,它位于系动词(如be,become)之
后,与系动词一起构成复合谓语,说明主语的身份,特征,属 性或状态等。单词(名词、代词、形容词、副词、数词),短 语(动名词短语、介词短语)或从句(表语从句)均可充当表 语。
❖ 1)Wang’s father is a doctor. (名词)
(it作形式主语,真正的主语为后面的不定式)
2.谓语
❖ 谓语 (Verb) 说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状 态。动词在句中作谓语,一般放在主语之后。谓语 的构成如下:
❖ 1、简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成。如:
He practices running every morning.
The plane took off at ten o’clock. ❖ 2、复合谓语:
(七)状语
❖ 修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子,说明 动作或状态特征的句子成分,叫做状语( Adverbial)。可由以下形式表示 :
1.Light travels most quickly.(副词及副词性词组) 2.He has lived in the city for ten years.(介词短语) 3.He is proud to have passed the national
❖ 2) He looks tired. .
(形容词)
❖ 3) The basketball match is on. (副词)
❖ 4) All the pupils are on the playground now. (介词短语) ❖ 5) Our aim is to win more medals. (不定式)
常用在?词后
(3)形式宾语:若宾语是动词不定式,动名词或从
句,可用it作形式宾语代替其位置,而将其到宾补之 后。
❖ I found it difficult to finish the task in time. ❖ Do you consider it any good sending more people
3.There are thirty women teachers in our school. (数词,名词, 代词) 4.His rapid progress made us surprised. (代词, 形容词)
⑥The woman with a baby in her arms is my sister. ⑦ The boys playing football are in Class 2. ⑧The trees planted last year are growing well now. ⑨I have an idea to do it well. ⑩You should do everything that I do.
❖ We found nobody in. ( 副词作宾补) ❖ Please make yourself at home. (介词短语作宾补)
❖ Don’t let him do that. (省to不定式作宾补)
❖ His father advised him to teach the lazy boy a lesson.
(宾语从句)
❖ 宾语种类:
❖ (1)双宾语(间接宾语+直接宾语),例如: Wang Ling lent me a novel to read in the bus.
❖ 跟to: write, tell, pass, give, send, promise, show, hand, read, tell, bring, throw等,例如
1.主语:是句子要说明的人或物,说明谓语所表示的动作或状
态的执行者。是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首。但在 there be结构、疑问句和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或 情态动词后面。名词(短语)、代词、数词、不定式(短语)、 动名词(短语)、从句皆可做主语。
❖ 1) Mr. Lee is a well-known scientist.
双宾语和宾补的区别
❖ He gave me a book.(他给我一本书) 在这个句子 中,me作间接宾语,a book作直接宾语。 如果一 个句子中的某一个动词接了两个宾语,那么,指 “人”的是间接宾语,指“物”的为直接宾语。而 且,这两个宾语不能形成逻辑上的主谓关系,如, 你不能说 I am a book.
❖ 2) He reads newspapers everyday.
❖ 3) Two and ten is twelve.
❖ 4) Smoking is harmful to the health.
❖ 5) To swim in that pool is a great pleasure.
❖ 6) What we shall do next is not yet decided.
六.定语
❖ 修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定 语(Attribute)。定语可由以下等成分表示:
1.Guilin is a beautiful city. (形容词)
2.China is a developing country; America is a developed country. (分词)
Wang Ling lent me a novel to read in the bus. (双宾语) me 间接宾语 表示动作是对谁或为谁做的。 a novel 直接宾语 表示动作的直接承受者或结果。
(2)复合宾语(宾语+宾补),例如: They elected him their monitor.
He sent the novel to William yesterday.
跟for: leave, buy, build, choose, cook, draw, find, get, order, post, save等,例如:
She bought a gift for her mother.
十大词类
student 名词 the 冠词
he 代词
on 介词/ 副词
ten 数词
what 连词
read 动词
oh 感叹词
well-known 形容词 and 连词
quickly 副词
first 数词 beautiful 形容词
here 副词 me 代词 an/a 冠词
during 介词
work 名词 / 动词
1. How about meeting again at six(? 时间状语) 2.Last night she didn’t go to the dance (时间p状ar语ty)because of the rain.(原因状语) 3.I shall go there if it doesn’t rain.(条件状语) 4.Mr Smith lives on the third floor.(地点状语) 5.She put the eggs into the basket with
2.We often speak English in class(. 代词)
3.One-third of the students in this class are girls. (数词)
4.To swim in the river is a great pleasure.
(不定式)
5.Smoking does harm to the health(. 动名词)
there? ❖ We have made it clear that we disagreed.
5.宾语补足语:在宾语后面补充说明宾语的动作, 状态,特征. ❖ We elected him monitor. (名词作宾补) ❖ We will make them happy. (形容词作宾补)
6.The rich should help the poor.
(名词化的形容词)
7.When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. (主语从句)
8.It is necessary to master a foreign language.
句子成分
定义ຫໍສະໝຸດ Baidu
❖构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成 分。句子成分有主要成分和次要 成分;主要成分有主语和谓语; 次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、 状语、补足语和同位语。
英语的基本成分有八种:
主语(subject) 谓语(predicate) 宾语(object) 宾语补足语 (object complement) 表语(predicative) 定语(attribute) 状语 (adverbial) 同位语(appositive)
seem,appear, look 4)感官系动词 感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste. 5)变化系动词 这些系动词表示主语变成什么样,变化系动词主要有
become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run. 6)终止系动词 表示主语已终止动作,主要有prove, turn out, 表达"证实","变成" 之意,
由情态动词或其他助动词 + 动词原形构成。如:
You may keep the book for two weeks.
He has caught a bad cold. 注意:谓语与主语在人称与数方面要保持一致。
4.宾语
❖ 宾语(Object)表示动作的对象或承受者,一 般位于及物动词和介词后面。例如:
1.They went to see an exhibition yesterday.
(名词)
2.The heavy rain prevented me from coming to school on time. (代词、 动名词)
3.How many dictionaries do you have? I have five. 名词 数词
❖ 6) His work is teaching French. (动名词短语)
❖ 7) The question is who can really repair the machines.
(从句)
系动词的主要分类: 1)状态系动词: 用来表示主语状态,只有be一词. 2)持续系动词: 用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度, 主要有keep, remain, stay, lay, stand. 3)表像系动词: 用来表示"看起来像"这一概念,主要有
college entrance examination.
(不定式短语)
4.He is in the room making a model plane.
(分词短语)
5.Wait a minute. (名词)
6.Once you begin, you must continue.
(状语从句)
9种状语种类:
❖ 7) There are many students in the classroom.
❖ 8)How much money do you have?
1.During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular. (名词)
❖ 如果一个动词后所接的两个宾语能够形成逻辑上的 主谓关系,则是宾语和宾补的关系。例: We elected him monitor.在这个句子中,we作主语, elected作谓语,him为宾格,作宾语,monitor作 宾语的补足语,而且,此句的宾语him可以和后面 的monitor构成逻辑上的主谓关系,即:he is a monitor.
4.They helped the old with their housework
yesterday.(名词化形容词
名词)
5.He pretended not to see me.
(不定式短语)
6.I enjoy listening to popular music.
(动名词短语)
7.I think(that)he is fit for his office.
3.表语:是谓语的一部分,它位于系动词(如be,become)之
后,与系动词一起构成复合谓语,说明主语的身份,特征,属 性或状态等。单词(名词、代词、形容词、副词、数词),短 语(动名词短语、介词短语)或从句(表语从句)均可充当表 语。
❖ 1)Wang’s father is a doctor. (名词)
(it作形式主语,真正的主语为后面的不定式)
2.谓语
❖ 谓语 (Verb) 说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状 态。动词在句中作谓语,一般放在主语之后。谓语 的构成如下:
❖ 1、简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成。如:
He practices running every morning.
The plane took off at ten o’clock. ❖ 2、复合谓语:
(七)状语
❖ 修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子,说明 动作或状态特征的句子成分,叫做状语( Adverbial)。可由以下形式表示 :
1.Light travels most quickly.(副词及副词性词组) 2.He has lived in the city for ten years.(介词短语) 3.He is proud to have passed the national
❖ 2) He looks tired. .
(形容词)
❖ 3) The basketball match is on. (副词)
❖ 4) All the pupils are on the playground now. (介词短语) ❖ 5) Our aim is to win more medals. (不定式)
常用在?词后
(3)形式宾语:若宾语是动词不定式,动名词或从
句,可用it作形式宾语代替其位置,而将其到宾补之 后。
❖ I found it difficult to finish the task in time. ❖ Do you consider it any good sending more people
3.There are thirty women teachers in our school. (数词,名词, 代词) 4.His rapid progress made us surprised. (代词, 形容词)
⑥The woman with a baby in her arms is my sister. ⑦ The boys playing football are in Class 2. ⑧The trees planted last year are growing well now. ⑨I have an idea to do it well. ⑩You should do everything that I do.
❖ We found nobody in. ( 副词作宾补) ❖ Please make yourself at home. (介词短语作宾补)
❖ Don’t let him do that. (省to不定式作宾补)
❖ His father advised him to teach the lazy boy a lesson.
(宾语从句)
❖ 宾语种类:
❖ (1)双宾语(间接宾语+直接宾语),例如: Wang Ling lent me a novel to read in the bus.
❖ 跟to: write, tell, pass, give, send, promise, show, hand, read, tell, bring, throw等,例如
1.主语:是句子要说明的人或物,说明谓语所表示的动作或状
态的执行者。是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首。但在 there be结构、疑问句和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或 情态动词后面。名词(短语)、代词、数词、不定式(短语)、 动名词(短语)、从句皆可做主语。
❖ 1) Mr. Lee is a well-known scientist.