五种基本句型PPT
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1)带to的不定式作宾补; 例如:She asked me to call him again. 很多动词后面都可以有这种宾补,这类动词有: ask,tell,want,wish,would,like,like, hate等。
2)不带to的不定式作宾补;
例如:We often hear the girl sing the song. 能带这种复合宾语的动词为感官动词、短 语动词和使役动词如let,feel,notice, help,make,have,listen to,hear,see, watch,look at,observe. watch look at observe. 注:
1. My father gave a present to me yesterday.
2. Li Hua给我看他的照片。( show )
1. Li Hua showed his pictures to me.
3. 我的朋友给我一封信。( send )
1. My friend sent a letter to me.
英语五种基本句型列式如下:
句型一: 句型二: 句型三: 句型四: 直宾) 句型五: 补) S S S S V (主+谓+<状语>) V P (主+系+表) V O (主+谓+宾) V o O (主+谓+间宾+
S V O C (主+谓+宾+宾
1.S+Vi
E.g:I went to school at 7:00. 主 谓 状 这一结构中的动词为不及物动词,其后没有宾语, 后面可以跟副词、介词短语做状语。 go, live, die, talk, swim, stay, 用以上词语造句 (肯定,否定,疑问) 特点是:谓语动词是不及物动词,本身能表达完整 的意思,后面不需跟宾语,但有时可跟副词、介词 短语等作状语。
4. 我忘了已经写完作业了。(已做过)
finishing I forgot________ my homework already.
1. Mary停下来去散步。(stop) to take Mary stopped_______ a walk. 2. 他停止唱歌了。 singing He stopped________. 3. 然后,他接下来去玩足球了。(go on) to play Then he went on_______ football. 4. Tom继续玩电脑游戏。 playing Tom went on________ computer games. 5. 我们尽量完成任务。(try) to finish We try_______ the task. 6. 我试着修理自行车。(看有无结果) mending I tried________ the bike.
每个人看起来都不一样。(look) 那听起来很好。(sound) 我现在成了一名教师。(become) 她脸红了。(turn) 他现在成长得又高又壮。(grow) 天色渐渐黑了。(get)
3.S+Vt+O
E.g.:He hopes to fly to the moon. 主 谓 宾 1)只能用不定式作宾语的常见动词:want,hope,wish, would like,decide,agree,ask,can‘t,wait等; 2)只能用动名词作宾语的常见动词:mind,enjoy,keep, finish,can't help等; 3)既能用不定式又能用动名词作宾语,且有区别的常见动 3) 词:remember, forget, stop, go on, try 4)既能用不定式又能用动名词作宾语,且无区别的常见动 词:begin,start,like,love,hate等。 特点是:谓语动词是及物动词,不能表达完整的意思,必须跟 有一个宾语。
S+Vt+O+C
特点:谓语动词虽然跟有一个宾语,但意思还 不完整,必须加上另外一个成分(宾语补足语) 对宾语进行补充说明。可以用作宾语补足 语的有:名词、形容词、不定式、动名词、 分词、介词短语等
同义句转换
1.It seems that he will give us a talk tomorrow. He ____ ____ be giving us a talk tomorrow. 2.I thought I hadn't covered the basket. I had ____ ____ _____ the basket. 3.If the rain stops,we'll have a picnic. If it ____ ____,we'll have a picnic. 4.The teacher was listened to by them singing a song. They listened ____ the teacher ____ a song. 5.I'll ask somebody to cut my hair. I'll ____ my hair ____ .
4.S+Vt+Oi+Od
E.g. He gave me a pen. 主 谓 间宾 直 宾 1)这种结构也可将间宾放到直宾之后,但 间宾前需加介词to(对象)或for(目的); E.g
They lent the bike to the boy.
主
谓
直宾
间宾
2)在间宾前加to的:
1. 昨天爸爸给我一个礼物。( give )
5)形容词作宾补。
例如:You should keep the room clean. 常见的能跟这种复合宾语的动词有: make,keep,find,want,wish,like, see,think,believe,leave等。 The interesting story made me happy. leave me alone We saw him out.
同义句转换
1.It seems that he will give us a talk tomorrow. He seems to be giving us a talk tomorrow. 2.I thought I hadn't covered the basket. I had forgotten to cover the basket. 3.If the rain stops,we'll have a picnic. stops we'll If it stops raining,we'll have a picnic. 4.The teacher was listened to by them singing a song. They listened to the teacher sing a song. 5.I'll ask somebody to cut my hair. I'll have my hair cut .
2.S+V系+P
E.g.:The food smells delicious. 主 系 表 句子谓语动词不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个表 明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语,才能表达完整的 意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。 系动词分两类:be, look, keep, seem等属一类,表示情 况;get, grow, become, turn等属另一类,表示变化。be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系 动词仍保持其部分词义。 look, sound, become, turn, keep,get 特点是:谓语动词是连系动词,不能表达完整的意思,必须加 上一个表明主语特征、身份、状态的表语。常见的系动词 look, sound, become, turn, grow, get
①如果这种结构变为被动语态,不定式就必然带 to. ②help后的不定式可以带to也可不带to.
3)分词作宾补;
例如:He heard somebody knocking on the window. 现在分词作宾补表示主动,且动作正在进 行,过去分词作宾补表示被动,或动作已 完成,也可以表示请别人做某事。能带分 词作宾补的常见动词为感官动词:see, hear,notice,watch,feel及find,get, have(这三个动词为使役动词)等。
7. 以前,奶奶常给我讲故事。( tell )
1. My grandma told stories to me in the past.
8. Tom昨天教我一首英文歌曲。( teach )
1. Tom taught a english song to me yesterday.
3) 在间宾前加for的:
b.当直宾比间宾短时:
4.S+Vt+Oi+Od
特点:谓语动词跟有两个宾语,这两个宾语都 是动作的对象或承受者,其中指人的是间接 宾语,指物的是直接宾语。当间接宾语放在 直接宾语之后时,通常需要加介词for或to。 可跟双宾语的动词
5.S+Vt+O+C
例如: The boy for him. 主 wished 谓 his father to buy a bike 宾 宾补
五种基本句
讲解与训练
Hedy
S=Subject(主语 主语); 主语 V=Verb(谓语动词 谓语动词); 谓语动词 P=Predicative(表语 表语); 表语 O=Object(宾语 宾语); 宾语 INO=Indirect Object(间接宾语 间接宾语); 间接宾语 DO=Direct Object(直接宾语 直接宾语); 直接宾语 OC=Object Complement(宾语补足 宾语补足 语)
4)名词作宾补;
例如:We must keep it a secret. 这类复合宾语只有在有限的一些动词后使 用,常见的动词有:name,call,make, elect,think,find,leave等 What he have done made him a successful man.
1. 记住在你离开之前把窗子关上。 (还未做)
Remember to close ______the window before you leave.
2. 我记得关了啊。(已做过)
closing But I remember_______ it.
3. 哦,你忘了关灯了。(还未做)
to turn off I see. You forgot___________ the lights.
4. 姐姐给我带来一件漂亮的裙子。 ( bring )
1. My sister brought a beautiful dress to me.
5. 请把盐递给我。( pass )
1. Pass the salt to me please.
6. 他把自行车借给那个女孩了。( lend )
1. He lent his bike to that girl.
1. We should do something for the disabled people.
4. 我们给老人们唱歌。( sing )
1. We are singing songs for the old people.
4)最好用S+Vt+Od+Oi结构的情况:
例如:I‘ll send We‘ll sing the friend it to you. 直宾 间宾 some songs for 直宾 间宾 from a foreign country. a.当直接宾语是人称代词时:
1. 他给我亲手做了一个生日礼物。( make )
1. His made a birthday present for me.
2. 她的丈夫给她买了一个漂亮的项链。( buy )
1. Her husband bought a beautiful necklace for her.
3. 我们应该为残疾人做点什么。( do )
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Examples: go, live, die, talk, swim, stay
We go to school everyday. I’m living in Chang Ping District now. My love for you will never die. I want to talk with a foreigner. Jerry can swim well. Mr. Green will stay in China for a year.