哈佛公开课:公正该如何做是好Readings
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Readings
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This section contains the reading assignments for the course. Study questions are also presented. Students are encouraged to think about these questions as, and after, they read.
Textbooks
Friedman, Milton. Capitalism and Freedom. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press, 2002. ISBN: 9780226264219.
Nozick, Robert. Anarchy, State, and Utopia. New York, NY: Basic Books, 2006. ISBN: 9780465051007.
Rawls, John. A Theory of Justice. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1999. ISBN: 9780674000780.
Readings by Session
Course readings.
LEC # TOPICS READINGS
1 Problems of Justice in a Democratic Society
I. Utilitarianism
LEC # TOPICS READINGS
2 Hedonistic
Utilitarianism
Bentham, Jeremy. Introduction to the
Principles of Morals and Legislation. New
York, NY: Oxford University Press, 1996,
chapters 1, 4, 13, and 17 (sec. 1). ISBN:
9780198205166.
Study Questions
- What is Bentham's "principle of utility" or
"greatest happiness principle"?
- Bentham says that pleasure is the only thing
that is good in itself. Is he right? What about
knowledge? Or beauty? Or achieving the aims
you set for yourself?
- Can you make a utilitarian case against
slavery? Consider three cases, and work out
the argument for each: (i) slaves are only 10%
of the population; (ii) slaves are a quarter
of the population, but are members of a
socially outcast group; (iii) the slaves are
a majority of the population, and do
backbreaking work in mines, but are very
productive.
- Is the legal enforcement of a community's
moral code such a bad thing? Does Bentham make
a persuasive case against it? (What does he
mean when he says it is unprofitable?) Can you
think of laws that regulate conduct because
the conduct is immoral? What do you think of
those laws?
3 The Enforcement of
Morals
Bowers vs. Hardwick et al., 478 U.S. 186
(1986). (PDF)
Lawrence vs. Texas, (2003) (PDF)
Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith.
"Considerations Regarding Proposals to Give