福冈香椎集合住宅_福冈_日本

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名为“纳克索斯世界”的福冈香椎集合住宅是1990年代闻名日本的住宅开发项目之一。住宅区用地为238m X 285m,中间有一条贯穿南北方向的S形道路。著名建筑师矶崎新担任了总策划,5名欧美建筑师和1名日本建筑师承担了6个住宅的设计。

雷姆・库哈斯设计的住宅在用地南面,高3层,分2栋(各有12户)置于道路两侧。

该住宅既不同于以往的共同住宅,也不同于独户型住宅,它将建筑师长期基于住宅的实验理论变为现实,展

设计:雷姆・库哈斯 / 大都市建筑师务所DESIGN:Rem Koolhaas / OMA,

福冈香椎集合住宅,福冈,日本

NEXUS WORLD KASHII, FUKUOKA, JAPAN, 1991

现了一种新的集合住宅理念。

由于北面将建有一对超高层塔楼(矶崎新设计),所以住宅的建筑体尽量压低高度,向水平方向展开,以在视觉上成为塔楼的基石。外墙的印象犹如日本传统的城堡,采用了粗犷的、颜色深暗、具有重量感的混凝土材料。此外,在布局上,采用外墙封闭式以阻挡来自塔楼的视线,保护居民的生活私密性不受干扰。

该住宅包含两种类型:3层高的跃层式和2层高的台地公寓式。入口空间和私人庭园设在首层。小小庭园中布

满沙石和细竹,充满日本调情。卧室集中在2层,中央设有采光庭,它提供了良好的采光、通风条件,并赋予内部开放感。在3层,厨房、学习室、宽敞的带有玻璃墙的起居室以及屋顶晒台共同形成一个综合的生活空间。

在设计中,库哈斯运用了大量的对比手法。在住宅的内部空间里,封闭与开放、公与私、高与低、明与暗、具体与抽象多层次的对比得到充分地体现。尤其在外部,相对基石般沉重的外墙,屋顶则犹如漂浮的帆板,轻盈而充满自由感。□(图片由建筑师提供)

1 外观夜景/Night view2 外景/Outside view

Nexus World in Fukuoka is one of the mostacclaimed housing developments of 1990's, Japan.The site is 238m X 285m; there is an S-shaped roadwhich bisects the site from north to south. Six differentarchitectural firms were involved with the project,each submitting its own project.

The contribution by Rem Koolhaas / OMA islocated on the south side of Nexus World. It consistsof two three-storey blocks, each containing twelveunits, with each block on either side of the bisectingpublic road.

The design concept integrates the architect'sexperimental theories with housing fundamentals, theresult being neither collective nor single-family housing.Since Arata Isozaki will place twin towers to theimmediate north, which will dominate the verticalskyline, the surrounding buildings are meant to actas a horizontal counterbalance. By adopting therole of the foundation of Isozaki’s towers, each low-rise block strengthens the overall horizontal aspectof Nexus World. Furthermore buildings Rem andKoolhaas feature closed exterior walls of blackconcrete, recalling Japanese castle stone-works ofcenturies gone by. The enclosed plan shields residentsfrom the sight lines of Isozaki's towers, leaving theliving spaces closed off on the north side.

There are two types of dwellings in the project:three-storey maisonettes and two-storey terracedapartments. On the first floor, a private gardeninterspersed with white gravel and bamboo suggestsa traditional Japanese ambience. An entrancespace is also provided on this level. On the secondfloor, a light well ensures that area surrounding thebedrooms has maximal light and adequateventilation. On the third floor, there are a number ofmulti-purpose living spaces. Among them, a kitchencell, a study area, and a large glassed-walled livingroom, all adjoining a rooftop terrace.

The architects used a variety of contrastingmetaphors in the design. Specifically, rock-likeconcrete walls give the image of strength andmassiveness while the wave-like roof presents asense of freedom and a formative grace. □(Editedby Amar Baines, photos by the architects)

3 总平面 + 首层平面/ Site + First floor plan

4.5 外观夜景/Night view

6~9 剖面/ Sections

10 首层至3层平面/ First to third floor Plans

11 标准户型(A’), 首层至3层平面/ Typical unit(A’), first to thirdfloor Plans

12 室内/Interior

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