第一章翻译概述
合集下载
相关主题
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
4
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
第一章:翻译的标准
Alexander Fraser Tytler:
A good translation is one which the merit of the original work is so completely transfused into another language as to be as distinctly apprehended and as strongly felt by a native of the country to which that language belongs as it is by those who speak the language of the original work. 好的翻译应该是把原作的长处完全地移注到另一种语言,以 使译人语所属国家的本地人能明白地领悟、强烈地感受,如同
第一章:翻译概述
教学目的:本章旨在让学生了解什么是翻译,掌 握翻译的类别、标准、过程;同时了解部分中西 代表译论。 教学内容: 1. 翻译的定义、分类 2. 翻译的标准
3. 翻译的过程:理解——表达——校对
4. 中、西译史 5. 练 习
第一章:翻译的标准
1. What is translation?(翻译的定义)
• The Oxford English Dictionary: to turn from one language into another(从一种语言转换成另一种语
言);
• Webster’s third New International Dictionary of the
English Language: to turn into one’s own or another
language(转换成本族语或另一种语言)。 • 翻译是一种“语言转换”活动。
2
第一章:翻译的标准
The definition is:
• Translation is a rendering from one language into another, i.e., the faithful representation in one language of what is written or said in another language. • To be more exact, in Nida’s & Tytler’s words
7
第一章:翻译的标准
3. Criteria in China
• A. Yan Fu’s (严复) “three character guide”, which was first proposed in 1898, is the principle of “faithfulness, expressiveness, and elegance” (信、达、雅).
6
第一章:翻译的标准
2. Scope of Translation
1. in terms of languages: 2. in terms of the mode:
1.按语言分类: 语内翻译(intralingual translation) 语际翻译(interlingual translation) 2. 按活动形式分类: 笔译(translation) 口译(oral interpretation): 连续传译(consecutive translation) 和同声传译(simultaneous translation)
3
第一章:翻译的标准
美国翻译理论家Eugene A. Nida:
• Translating consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source-language message, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style. • (所谓翻译,是指在译语中用最切近而又 自然的对等语再现原语的信息,首先在语 义上,其次在文体上。)
• “译事三难:信、达、雅”
• B. Some revisions such as faithfulness, expressiveness
and closeness (信、达、切);
• faithfulness, expressiveness and fitness (信、达、贴),
8
第一章:翻译的标准
3. in terms of materials to be translated: 4. in terms of disposal: (full-text translation, abridged translation, adapted translation)
3. 按翻译材料的文体分类: 应用文体翻译 科技文体翻译 论述文体翻译新闻文体翻译 艺术文体翻译 4. 按处理方式分类: 全译 节译 摘译 编译 译述
使用原作语言的人所领悟、所感受的一样。(泰特勒,1790)
5
第一章:翻译的标准
综合各家之长:
• 翻译是把一种语言表达的意义用另一种语言传达出
来,以达到沟通思想情感、传播文化知识、促进社 会文明,特别是推动译语文化兴旺昌盛的目的。 • Translation is an activity of reproducing in one language the ideas which have been expressed in another language.
• C. Fu Lei’s (傅雷) spiritual conformity/resemblance in spirit (神似)
• D. Qian Zhongshu (钱钟书) transmigration (化境)
• E. 鲁迅:翻译:一当然力求其易解,一则保存原作的 丰姿。反对牛头不对马嘴,提出“宁信而不顺”之 原则。 Criteria for beginners: • 林语堂的“忠实、通顺、美” Faithfulness • 梁实秋的“宁错务顺” Smoothness • 瞿秋白的“信顺统一” • 许渊冲的“音美、形美、意美(三美)”
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
第一章:翻译的标准
Alexander Fraser Tytler:
A good translation is one which the merit of the original work is so completely transfused into another language as to be as distinctly apprehended and as strongly felt by a native of the country to which that language belongs as it is by those who speak the language of the original work. 好的翻译应该是把原作的长处完全地移注到另一种语言,以 使译人语所属国家的本地人能明白地领悟、强烈地感受,如同
第一章:翻译概述
教学目的:本章旨在让学生了解什么是翻译,掌 握翻译的类别、标准、过程;同时了解部分中西 代表译论。 教学内容: 1. 翻译的定义、分类 2. 翻译的标准
3. 翻译的过程:理解——表达——校对
4. 中、西译史 5. 练 习
第一章:翻译的标准
1. What is translation?(翻译的定义)
• The Oxford English Dictionary: to turn from one language into another(从一种语言转换成另一种语
言);
• Webster’s third New International Dictionary of the
English Language: to turn into one’s own or another
language(转换成本族语或另一种语言)。 • 翻译是一种“语言转换”活动。
2
第一章:翻译的标准
The definition is:
• Translation is a rendering from one language into another, i.e., the faithful representation in one language of what is written or said in another language. • To be more exact, in Nida’s & Tytler’s words
7
第一章:翻译的标准
3. Criteria in China
• A. Yan Fu’s (严复) “three character guide”, which was first proposed in 1898, is the principle of “faithfulness, expressiveness, and elegance” (信、达、雅).
6
第一章:翻译的标准
2. Scope of Translation
1. in terms of languages: 2. in terms of the mode:
1.按语言分类: 语内翻译(intralingual translation) 语际翻译(interlingual translation) 2. 按活动形式分类: 笔译(translation) 口译(oral interpretation): 连续传译(consecutive translation) 和同声传译(simultaneous translation)
3
第一章:翻译的标准
美国翻译理论家Eugene A. Nida:
• Translating consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source-language message, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style. • (所谓翻译,是指在译语中用最切近而又 自然的对等语再现原语的信息,首先在语 义上,其次在文体上。)
• “译事三难:信、达、雅”
• B. Some revisions such as faithfulness, expressiveness
and closeness (信、达、切);
• faithfulness, expressiveness and fitness (信、达、贴),
8
第一章:翻译的标准
3. in terms of materials to be translated: 4. in terms of disposal: (full-text translation, abridged translation, adapted translation)
3. 按翻译材料的文体分类: 应用文体翻译 科技文体翻译 论述文体翻译新闻文体翻译 艺术文体翻译 4. 按处理方式分类: 全译 节译 摘译 编译 译述
使用原作语言的人所领悟、所感受的一样。(泰特勒,1790)
5
第一章:翻译的标准
综合各家之长:
• 翻译是把一种语言表达的意义用另一种语言传达出
来,以达到沟通思想情感、传播文化知识、促进社 会文明,特别是推动译语文化兴旺昌盛的目的。 • Translation is an activity of reproducing in one language the ideas which have been expressed in another language.
• C. Fu Lei’s (傅雷) spiritual conformity/resemblance in spirit (神似)
• D. Qian Zhongshu (钱钟书) transmigration (化境)
• E. 鲁迅:翻译:一当然力求其易解,一则保存原作的 丰姿。反对牛头不对马嘴,提出“宁信而不顺”之 原则。 Criteria for beginners: • 林语堂的“忠实、通顺、美” Faithfulness • 梁实秋的“宁错务顺” Smoothness • 瞿秋白的“信顺统一” • 许渊冲的“音美、形美、意美(三美)”