论美国电影中的英雄主义情结(双语)

论美国电影中的英雄主义情结
随着大众传媒的日益普及和深入，电影作为一个国家文化表达的重要载体和渠道的地位得以进一步巩固。

好莱坞电影作为美国电影的大本营，则集中展现了美国多元文化中的林林总总，其中最为大众熟知并乐道的当属英雄主义文化。

好莱坞电影为何对英雄主义情有独钟，背后自有其深厚的历史背景和文化积淀做支撑。

纵观美国历史便会发现，出现这种浓厚的英雄主义情结绝非偶然。

众所周知，美国是一个移民国家，发迹于新大陆时期，其开国元勋硬是从英属殖民地上活生生剥离出一块儿土地，建立一个全新的国家，将开拓者的精神发挥到极致，这种不屈不挠的斗争精神，争取自由独立的热血渴望，以及在这一漫长曲折的斗争进程中所起到的举足轻重的历史作用，使得这些人成为美国国民心目中类似于古希腊奥德修斯般的英雄原型。

每个踏入美洲大陆的人都踹怀着一个梦想，英雄们也不例外，正是由于英雄们是最有能力实现自己的梦想的人，所以这些伟大的英雄们便顺理成章的成为了这些普通民众精神上的象征，美国梦的最佳代言人。

时代在变迁，英雄的形象也随之改变，这一点可以由好莱坞荧屏中轮番出现的各色英雄面目便可见一斑。

从把西部牛仔的边疆拓荒形象表现的淋漓尽致的西部片，到随之而来的超人硬汉形象，每一部都深入人心。

当大众对这些落入窠臼的超级英雄模式产生审美疲劳的时候，好莱坞的一些聪明导演便随之塑造了去除神圣化的平民英雄，这些褪去耀人光环的平民英雄没有遥不可及的超级能力，却多了几分人性的光辉，多了几分真实，有血有肉，敢爱敢恨，原来英雄也有喜怒哀愁，也有辛酸苦辣，这就使英雄们更加平易近人，也更加温暖可爱。

好莱坞电影中的英雄主义情结时至今日仍然有增无减，翻来覆去百十年，似乎要把人类心目中的英雄形象拍一个遍，上至叱咤风云的社会精英，下至默默无闻的平名百姓，似乎人人都可以成为英雄，这种全民性质的英雄梦和美国梦有着天然的对接和包容性。

观众欣赏影片为英雄们赞叹喝彩的同时，也抚慰了自己在现实中的失落和和不堪，通过和荧幕中的英雄角色对换，使得每个观众都在心里面实现了自身的超越，可以没有惊天动地，可以平凡平淡，但是无一例外的拒绝平庸，平凡中彰显出伟大，伟大中折射出崇高。

能把英雄体裁的电影拍成这种程度，也就不难理解为什么美国大片会风靡全球。

作为美国文化的代表和标杆之一，好莱坞电影一直和代表美国快餐文化的肯德基、麦当劳以及百事可乐、可口可乐并驾齐驱，向全世界兜售美国文化，这种强势的文化冲击难免会有文化侵略之嫌，通过美国大片中的英雄形象来展示美国的强大和不可战胜，通过快餐文化
展现美国人高效凌厉的作风，似乎要告诉世人：美国的国力强盛表现在方方面面，甚至他们的电影和快餐也具有与之大国地位相当的威慑力和统帅力。

不得不说，好莱坞的这种英雄主义情结的电影正是被某些别有用心的人加以利用，借着好莱坞电影畅行全球的东风，披着文化交流的美丽外衣，大行其文化侵略之实，大肆宣扬美国式民主自由，其动机利害姑且搁置一边，对待试图将电影这门艺术奴役为政治工具的行为，为了能够继续享受干净纯粹的电影艺术，我们不妨本着“取其精华，去其糟粕”的态度，如欣赏美术雕刻作品般简单来观看这种集欣赏性、艺术性、商业性于一身的电影.，自然就能去伪存真的观赏到最纯粹的电影艺术，那些妄自安在电影身上的政治意图自然就会不攻自破，毫无藏身之地。

电影和英雄同是时代的产物，电影给予我们震撼直观的视觉冲击，富裕充足的感官享受，在声音画面中使我们的精神得到了升华和愉悦，而英雄同样是我们所渴求的偶像，他们带给了我们力与美，爱与希望，使我们的生活充满梦想和激情。

既然电影把早已存在的英雄搬上了荧屏，那我们就姑且欣赏别样的英雄吧，不论是现实还是虚构的英雄，只要能让我们这些平凡的人儿找到精神的寄托，感受到榜样的力量，最重要的是，鼓励我们也可以成为英雄，哪怕是无人知晓，却可以让我们活在幸福和希望中，享受生命的愉悦和满足，这就够了。

The Hero Of Socialism In American Movie
With the increasing popularity and in-depth of the mass media,the film as a national important cultural expression vector and channels to be further consolidated the position. Hollywood film as the headquarters of the United States,concentrate expresses the numerous cultural diversity in the U.S, the most popular and well known to public, was undoubtedly the heroic culture.
Why Hollywood was fond of heroism, it was its own rich historical background and cultural background to do support. Throughout American history we would find the fact that strong feeling of heroism was not accidental occured. As we all know, the United States was a nation of immigrants, fortune in the New World Period , its founding father insisted separate the land frome the British Colony to build a new country, letting the spirit of pioneer to acme , this indomitable fighting spirit, the burning blood desire for freedom and independence, and fighting in this long and winding process of history played a decisive role in making these people into the minds of the American people like the ancient Greek hero Odysseus as the prototype.
Each person who entered the American continent had one dream, heroes were no exception, precisely because the heroes were the most capable people to realize their dreams, these great
heroes have become the spiritual symbol of ordinary people, the spokesperson for the American Dream. The times changed, so changed the images of the heroes.From the pioneering frontier cowboy image that represented the ultimate in Westerns, to the subsequent Superman and tough guy image, everyone came to a big popularity. Time went by,when people were finally tired of the super heroes’ images, some clever Hollywood directors would become sacred shape the removal of the civilian heroes, they fade stunning ring is not out of reach civilian super-hero ability but a little more human glory, a little more reality, flesh and blood, Ganaiganhen, joy, anger, sadness original hero also, there are ups and bitterness, which makes heroes more approachable and more warm and lovely.Civilian heroes pushed the Hollywood filmes to the peak again .
At the present time,Hollywood heroism complexity is still on the increase, over and over again through a hundred years, it seems necessary to shoot the image of the human hero of a time, from the all-powerful social elite level down to the obscure name of the people, it seems that every people can become hero, the heroes of this universal nature of the dream and the American Dream has a natural docking and inclusive. The film audience not only cheers and praise the heroes, but also comfort their loss and unbearable which produced in real life, and through the exchang of heroic role which in the screen, so that each audience in mind may beyond which realizes its own, can not earthshaking, can ordinary flat, but without exception,both of them reject mediocrity, ordinary appears the great, great high reflects sublime. Can hero films made into such a degree that it is not hard to understand why the United States will be swept large areas of the world.
As one of the representatives and the benchmarks of American culture , Hollywood filmes have always been keep pace with KFC, McDonald's and Pepsi,which behalf the diet cluture of America, sell to the world of American culture, The culture shock that inevitably, there is a strong cultural invasion is suspected by the United States large image to show the hero in the United States strong and invincible, fast-food culture by showing sharp and efficient style of Americans,both of those kinds of cluture seems to tell the world that the United States national power have strong performance in all aspects, even their movies and fast food also has great power status with considerable deterrent and commander of forces . Have to say that Hollywood films which contain the heroic feeling are undering some people who with ulterior motives to use of, through Hollywood movies, Cheong Hang global wind, dressed in a beautiful coat named cultural exchange, to larger reality of their cultural aggression, wantonly promoting
American-style democracy and freedom .Throw aside their hidden motives and interests away for the moment.Towards the fact that some people who trying to slave the art of film into a political tool, in order to continue enjoying clean ,pure art of film,we may hold the attitude which is said that "take the essence to the dregs ", enjoying the movies as simple as wacthing paintings,engravings, then we audiences naturely can eliminate the false and retain the true things in the movies, those who pretent security on the movie ttself would be ill-founded nature of political intent,and no place to hide,
Movie as a comprehensive art form, together with the hero are the products of times.Movies give us an intuitive and visual impact shock, rich enough sensory to enjoy ,in the pictures and sounds let our spirit to get the sublimation and pleasure, while the heroes are also an icon of our desire, which give us strength an beauty, love and hope to make our life full of dreams and passion Since films have put the hero images that always been existed up to the screen, then we just enjoy a different kind of hero through it, whether a real or fictional hero, as long as ordinary people who allow us to find the spiritual sustenance, feel the power of example, and the most important is that we are encouraged to be a hero, even if it is not known, but this belief s et us live in happiness and hope to enjoy life's pleasure and satisfaction, which is totally enough .。