高考英语细节理解解题技巧

高考英语细节理解解题

技巧

Company number：【WTUT-WT88Y-W8BBGB-BWYTT-19998】

高考英语阅读之理解细节理解题

细节理解题在高考中占有较大比例，其主要考查考生对文章（或某一段落）中某一些特定细节或文章的重要事实的理解能力。

所谓细节题，是指原文提到了某事物、现象或理论，题干针对原文具体叙述本身发问。一般包括直接理解题（在原文中可直接找到答案，常用who, what, when, where, why和how等提问。）语义转化题（需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义上的转换，两者存在表达上的差异，有时需要进行加工或整理后方能得出结论）、数字计算题、排列顺序题、图表图画题等。一：常见的设问方式有：

When / Where did the story happen

Which of the following statements is (not) correct

Which of the following statements is (not) mentioned in the passage

Which is the right order of the events given in the passage

All the statements are true except…

二．常见题型

类细节题；2.数据计算题；3.排序题；4.是非题；5.图标题

三、设题方式

1．语意转换。细节理解题设题时为了避免出现原文中所用的词汇，常常使用一些同义词、近义词或反义词(双重否定)。因而在解题时要注意语意转换。

2．设题顺序。一般来说，题序与其相关信息在文中的顺序一致，如某题的答案信息往往会在下一小题的答案信息之前。

3．设题干扰项。

(1)正误并存：部分正确，部分错误。

(2)扩大或缩小范围：是原文信息，但不是题干要求。

(3)偷换概念：符合常识，但不是文章的内容。

(4)以偏概全：与原句的内容极其相似，但在程度、态度、褒贬色彩上有变动。

(5)无中生有：明显不是文章的信息，与文章事实不符或相反。

四、解题步骤

1．迅速定位，缩小范围。通过寻读法(scanning)，用题干中的关键词在文中搜索，迅速确定相关词句或信息点所在的位置，缩小阅读范围。

2．理解其意，对照选项。在找到关键词句后，要仔细阅读，准确理解，对照选项，看哪个选项的意思与之最接近。

3．排除干扰，选出答案。在作出选择的过程中，要善于辨别真伪，排除干扰，不断缩小范围，选出正确答案。

五、典例精析

类细节题

1) Not long ago, my wife, PJ, and I tried a new diet—not to lose a little weight but to answer an annoying question about climate change.

Q: Why did the author and his wife try a new diet

A. To take special kinds of food

B. To respond to climate change.

C. To lose weight

D. To improve their health

2).Surprisingly, compared with those in poor health or who had low incomes, respondents who enjoyed good health or income were associated with expecting a greater decline. Also, the researchers said that higher income was related to a greater risk of disability.

Q: How do people of higher income see their future

A. They will earn less money.

B. They will become pessimistic.

C. They will suffer mental illness.

D. They will have less time to enjoy life.

3)(2012全国Ⅰ卷C篇) Last night I was driving from Harrisburg to Lewisburg，distance of about eighty miles. It was late. Several times I got stuck behind a slow-moving truck on a narrow road with a solid white line on my left,and I becoming increasingly impatient.

Q: Why did the author get impatient while driving

was lonely on the road. was slowed down by a truck.

C. He got tired of driving too long.

D. He came across too many traffic lights.

4)Software Trainer

If you are aged 24-45 and have experience in teaching and training, you could be the person we are looking for. You should be good at the computer and have some experience in programme writing. You will be allowed to make you own decisions, and to design courses as well as present them. Pay upwards of 15,000 pounds for the right person. Please apply by sending you CV(简历) to Mrs. R. Lglivie, Palmlace Limited.

Q:What kind of person would probably apply to Palmlace Limited

A. One with GCSE grade C level.

B. One with some office experience.

C. One having good computer knowledge.

D. One trained in producing music programme.

5) (2015全国Ⅰ,B)

Swimming pools, wine tasting, and pink sunsets (at normal evening hours, not 4 in the afternoon) filled the weekend, but the best part-particularly to my taste, dulled by months of cold-weather root vegetables-was a 7 . adventure to the Sarasota farmer s’ market that proved to be more than worth the early wake-up call.

Q: What made the author’s getting up early worthwhile

A. Having a swim.

B. Breathing in fresh air

C. Walking in the morning sun.

D. Visiting a local farmers’ market.

2.是非题

1)Enlisted（征募）in the army in 1997, Liu was an experienced pilot with 1,680 hours of flying experience and the deputy head of a flight unit of the PLA’s Air Force before being enlisted into China’s second group of prospective astronauts in May 2010. She is now an air force major.

Q: Which of the following is TRUE about Liu Yang from the passage

once was head of a flight unit of the PLA’s Air Force.

has become an air force major in 1997.

was enlisted into China’s second group of prospective astronauts in 2010.

three years of training Liu was selected as a candidate.

2) Food sometimes gets poisoned with harmful things. A person who eats such food can get an illness called food poisoning. Food poisoning is usually not serious, but some types are deadly. The symptoms of food poisoning usually begin within hours of eating the poisoned food.Feveris one of the most common symptoms.

Q: Which of the following statements is NOT true

A. Food when poisoned can make people sick.

B. Food poisoning means death.

C. Food poisoning comes in varieties.

D. Food poisoning can be serious.

3)The new technology has produced various options for students. College Booksellers, which operates 636 campus bookstores nationwide, is now marketing its new software application, which allows students to read e-textbooks on PCs. The company introduced the free application last summer in the hope of attracting more students to buy its electronic textbooks. “Now the biggest barrier is getting them to try it.”said the company’s vice president.

Q: Which of the following is NOT true according to this paragraph

A. College Booksellers operates more than 600 bookstores in campus.

B. The free application was introduced to increase sales of elctronic textbooks.

C. Campus students now fancy a try of the free software application.

D. The company’s management still has to do more to sell the e-textbooks.

4)In a world with limited land，water and other natural resources (资源), the harm from the traditional business model is on the ，the past decade has seen more and more forests disappearing and the globe becoming increasingly warm. People now realize that this unhealthy situation must be changed, and that we must be able to develop in sustainable (可持续的) means growth with low carbon or development of sustainable other words，we should keep the earth healthy while using its supply of natural resources. The traditional business model is harmful because of all the following EXCEPT that ________．

A．it makes the world warmer B．it consumes natural resources

C．it brings severe damage to forests D．it makes growth hard to continue

3.数字计算题

1)Tuition Fees(学费)

Accommodation(住宿)

You have to pay at least ________a year if you study at the University of Waikato.