英汉翻译之转换法
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The public schools are administrated by local school boards---groups of people elected by the voters.
Actually, a great deal of the president’s power is controlled by the Congress.
Black people were first brought to America from Africa as salves.
Many collages and universities are privately supported.
由于汉语较少使用被动句形式，因此按照汉语 表达习惯，英语被动句往往译成含“被动意 义”的主动句形式，即不使用表示被动意义 的词和结构。
A miser is characterized by greed.
In this country, population has grown both as a result of natural increase and of continued immigration.
His advisors recommended lower taxes and higher government spending.
The United States has long been known as a “melting pot”.
美国历来以“民族熔炉”著称。
Almost every kind of climates can be found, but the continent lies mostly in the temperate zone.
The Master of Arts degree occasionally may be obtained after one year of additional specialized study.
无论是批评家还是拥护者，有一个一致的看法， 即威克很能说明美国人是如何起家的。？
His wife had done everything possible to mother him.
妻子竭尽全力，像母亲一样照顾他。
The novel satirizes the marriage of convenience.
Every British citizen who is employed(or selfemployed) is obliged to pay a weekly contribution to the national insurance and health schemes.
Its aim is to ensure that a person who is out of work shall receive a weekly sum of money to subsist on.
英汉翻译之
转换法杂议
一，词类转换： 经典译例：
The growing awareness by millions of Africans of their extremely poor and backward living conditions has prompted them to take resolute measures and create new ones.
The experiment hwo partners think differently.
二，语态转换：
一般说来，凡以“by somebody”表明动作执行者的 被动句，可借助汉语里表示被动意义的词如 “被”“由”“受”“给”等译成被动句。
我这种做饭的方式叫约瑟夫越看越冒火了。
The turning point of my life was my decision to give up promising business career and study music.
我的生活转折点是我决定：不再做生财有望的 商人而专攻音乐。
On one thing critics and fans agree: Wick is an authentic American success story.
Every Englishman has some knowledge, however slight, of the work of our greatest writer.
Most of us use about five thousand words in our normal employment of English.
数以百万计的非洲人对于他们非常落后的生活 条件的日益觉醒促使他们采取坚决的措施，创造
新的生活条件。
数以百万计的非洲人已逐渐意识到他们的生活
状况异常贫穷落后，这就促使他们奋起采取坚决 措施去创建新的生活条件。
Joseph beheld my style of cookery with growing indignation.
The board decides how school funds are to be allocated, and has some voice in establishing the curriculum.
While some subjects are required of everyone, some high school students, in addition, take vocational classes.
这部小说是对建立在利害关系基础上的婚姻的 讽刺。
With unemployment high, the dollar low and the stock market in distress, the economy will be the President’s sternest trial.
失业增多，美元贬值，股票市场不景气，经济 问题将成为总统面临的最严峻的考验。
Actually, a great deal of the president’s power is controlled by the Congress.
Black people were first brought to America from Africa as salves.
Many collages and universities are privately supported.
由于汉语较少使用被动句形式，因此按照汉语 表达习惯，英语被动句往往译成含“被动意 义”的主动句形式，即不使用表示被动意义 的词和结构。
A miser is characterized by greed.
In this country, population has grown both as a result of natural increase and of continued immigration.
His advisors recommended lower taxes and higher government spending.
The United States has long been known as a “melting pot”.
美国历来以“民族熔炉”著称。
Almost every kind of climates can be found, but the continent lies mostly in the temperate zone.
The Master of Arts degree occasionally may be obtained after one year of additional specialized study.
无论是批评家还是拥护者，有一个一致的看法， 即威克很能说明美国人是如何起家的。？
His wife had done everything possible to mother him.
妻子竭尽全力，像母亲一样照顾他。
The novel satirizes the marriage of convenience.
Every British citizen who is employed(or selfemployed) is obliged to pay a weekly contribution to the national insurance and health schemes.
Its aim is to ensure that a person who is out of work shall receive a weekly sum of money to subsist on.
英汉翻译之
转换法杂议
一，词类转换： 经典译例：
The growing awareness by millions of Africans of their extremely poor and backward living conditions has prompted them to take resolute measures and create new ones.
The experiment hwo partners think differently.
二，语态转换：
一般说来，凡以“by somebody”表明动作执行者的 被动句，可借助汉语里表示被动意义的词如 “被”“由”“受”“给”等译成被动句。
我这种做饭的方式叫约瑟夫越看越冒火了。
The turning point of my life was my decision to give up promising business career and study music.
我的生活转折点是我决定：不再做生财有望的 商人而专攻音乐。
On one thing critics and fans agree: Wick is an authentic American success story.
Every Englishman has some knowledge, however slight, of the work of our greatest writer.
Most of us use about five thousand words in our normal employment of English.
数以百万计的非洲人对于他们非常落后的生活 条件的日益觉醒促使他们采取坚决的措施，创造
新的生活条件。
数以百万计的非洲人已逐渐意识到他们的生活
状况异常贫穷落后，这就促使他们奋起采取坚决 措施去创建新的生活条件。
Joseph beheld my style of cookery with growing indignation.
The board decides how school funds are to be allocated, and has some voice in establishing the curriculum.
While some subjects are required of everyone, some high school students, in addition, take vocational classes.
这部小说是对建立在利害关系基础上的婚姻的 讽刺。
With unemployment high, the dollar low and the stock market in distress, the economy will be the President’s sternest trial.
失业增多，美元贬值，股票市场不景气，经济 问题将成为总统面临的最严峻的考验。