图像边缘检测

摘要

随着计算机技术的飞速发展，图像边缘检测已成为图像处理的重要内容，它是图像分析的基本问题，是图像分割、特征提取和图像识别的前提。本文的主要内容如下。

首先，介绍了数字图像处理的概念及其应用领域、边缘检测研究的背景意义，历史现状，以及边缘检测的一些基本概念。

然后，分别介绍了经典的图像边缘检测算子，如Robert算子、Sobel算子、Prewitt算子等的基本原理，接着概述了几种新的边缘检测方法，如小波理论、数学形态学、模糊理论等。并通过理论分析和仿真计算比较了经典边缘检测算子各自的优缺点及适用性。

最后，通过matlab-GUI编程，设计出一个图形界面，整合了canny算子和log算子等的边缘检测，增加了整个程序的实用性。

关键词: 边缘检测；Canny算法；log算法；Robert算法；

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ABSTRACT

The image edge detection has become one of the most important parts of image processing with the development of computer technology. Image edge detection is the first step of image analysis, also the basis of image segmentation, feature extraction and image recognition. The main content of this dissertation is described as follows.

Firstly, digital image processing and its applications are introduced. Then, the background, the significance and also the development status of the image edge detection technique are introduced, next to this, some basic knowledge of the image edge detection are discussed.

Secondly, introduced the classical edge detection operator, such as the Robert operator, Sobel operator, Prewitt operator, etc. The basic principle, then outlined several new edge detection methods, such as wavelet theory, mathematical morphology, fuzzy theories. And through theoretical analysis and simulation comparison of classical edge detection operator and the applicability of their advantages and disadvantages.

Finally, use matlab-GUI programming, design a graphical interface, integrated operator log and canny edge detection operator, increasing the practicality of the whole process.

Key words: edge detection; Canny algorithm; log algorithm;Robert algorithm

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目录

第一章绪论 (1)

1.1 数字图像处理概况 (1)

1.2 边缘检测技术的概况 (2)

1.3边缘检测综述 (3)

1.3.1 边缘的定义及其类型的分析 (3)

1.3.2 梯度的概念 (5)

1.3.3 边缘检测的一般步骤 (5)

第二章经典的图像边缘检测算法 (6)

2.1经典边缘检测的基本算法 (7)

2.2基于梯度的边缘检测算子 (8)

2.2.1 差分边缘检测 (8)

2.2.1 Roberts算子 (9)

2.2.3 Sobel算子 (9)

2.2.4 Prewitt算子 (10)

2.2.5 Robinson算子 (11)

2.3C ANNY边缘检测算子 (12)

2.4L OG边缘检测算子 (14)

第三章新型边缘检测方法 (17)

3.1基于数学形态学的边缘检测方法 (17)

3.2基于模糊理论的边缘检测方法 (17)

3.3基于分形理论的图像边缘提取方法 (17)

3.4基于多尺度小波变换的边缘检测算法 (18)

3.5其它方法 (20)

第五章MATLAB仿真 (21)

5.1MATLAB概述 (21)

5.1.1MATLAB特点 (21)

5.1.2MATLAB主要功能 (21)

5.1.3MATLAB在图像处理中的应用 (22)

5.2 基于MATLAB的边缘检测... .. (22)

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5.3基于MATLAB-GUI的边缘检测程序设计 (27)

5.4实验结果分析 (33)

结束语 (34)

致谢 (35)

参考文献 (36)

附录 (35)

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