苹果自动去皮机机械设计说明书

摘要

现阶段我国苹果的生产相对较好，但是在加工方面和西方国家相比就有相当大的差距，在加工自动化方面更是落后。我国现在水果罐头行业的发展相对比较乐观，并且消费者对水果罐头的需求越来越大。水果罐头需求大，当然少不了苹果罐头，但我国现有的苹果去皮设备中存在着不少问题，比如大型设备体积庞大，加工过程苹果容易受污染，且不适合小型企业加工，另外有一部分设备需要靠人工将苹果逐个插到固定针上，这样很容易造成工人受伤事故。

本文设计的苹果自动去皮机主要适用于小型苹果罐头加工企业，不再需要人工将苹果逐个插到固定针上，而是采用自动检测系统，通过气缸将苹果插到固定针上。有手靠近苹果托盘是机器将不动作，这样就减少了不必要的人员事故。本设计内容主要包括苹果自动去皮机总体设计、零件设计、零件尺寸设计及计算、标准件的选择、重要部分强度校核等。并且还绘制了所需零件的所有CAD图和PROE整装图。

关键词：水果罐头，苹果自动去皮机，设计

Abstract

At the present stage, apple production in China is relatively good. But there is still a considerable gap in the aspect of processing compared with western countries, especially more backward in terms of process automation. In our country the development of canned fruit industry is recently boom recently, at the same time the demand for canned fruit is growing with more and more consumers loving them. Canned fruit is in great demand, so it is canned apple. However, there are still many troubles in our existing apple peeling devices, such as the large volume of large scale equipment, apple being vulnerable to pollution in the process procedure, as well as unsuitable for small business processing. Another drawback is that some devices depend on artificial to insert apple one by one into fixing pins, which is easy to cause injury accidents.

Apple peeling machine automatically in this artical is mainly targeted at small apple canned food processing enterprises. Instead of depending on artificial to insert apples one by one into fixing pins, the design brings to automatic test system and apples are inserted into fixing pins through the cylinder. We can find out one advantage is that the machine doesn’t work if workers’ hands close to apple tray so as to reduce the unnecessary accidents and improve the security. The design mainly includes the overall design of automatic apple peeling machine, detailing design, the design and calculation of component size, the choice of the standard component, and the intensity check to important part. What’s more, all CDA chart and PROE diagram of all necessary components are drawed well.

Keywords: canned fruit, apple automatic peeling machine, design

目录

摘要................................................................................................................................. I Abstract ......................................................................................................................... II 1 绪论. (1)

1.1 本设计研究的目的与意义 (1)

1.2 现阶段国内苹果去皮方式 (1)

1.3 苹果自动去皮机的研究状况及存在问题 (2)

1.3.1 苹果自动去皮机的研究状况 (2)

1.3.2 苹果自动去皮机存在问题 (2)

1.4 本设计研究内容、方法及方向 (3)

1.4.1 本设计研究内容 (3)

1.4.2 本设计采用的方法 (3)

1.4.3 本设计未来发展方向 (3)

2 苹果自动去皮机总体方案设计 (4)

2.1 苹果自动去皮机方案确定 (4)

2.2 苹果自动去皮机工作原理及结构组成 (4)

2.2.1 苹果自动去皮机工作原理 (4)

2.2.2 苹果自动去皮机结构组成 (4)

2.3 苹果自动去皮机工作流程 (4)

3 苹果自动去皮机运动机构确定 (6)

3.1 送料机构的确定 (6)

3.1.1 送料机构方案设计 (6)

3.1.2 送料机构组件的确定 (6)

3.2 工作台转动机构的确定 (8)

3.2.1 直齿圆锥齿轮的设计 (9)

3.2.2 直齿圆柱齿轮的设计 (12)

3.3 苹果自动去皮机去皮及苹果固定装置 (19)

3.3.1 刀架的设计 (19)

3.3.2 刀片的设计 (19)

3.3.2 苹果固定装置 (20)

4电机的选择 (21)

4.1 确定电机类型 (21)

4.2 步进电机参数 (21)

5 轴设计校核及轴承的选择 (25)

5.1 短轴的设计 (25)

5.2 短轴的校核 (26)

5.3 轴承的选择 (29)

6 苹果自动去皮机仿真图 (30)

结束语 (32)

参考文献 (33)

致谢 (34)