高中英语作文四大体裁

英语写作四种体裁

一．如何写好英语记叙文

记叙文是以叙述、描写为主要表达手段来记人、叙事、写景、状物的一种文体。通常分为三类：1.记人物为主，以人物为中心，围绕这个人物来写一两件事。2.事件为主，以事件为中心，围绕中心事件，写一个或几个人。3.景状物为主。但是“人以事显，事由人生”，人和事是密不可分的。在一篇记叙文中，记人、写景、叙事往往是交织在一起的，但各有侧重。

在写记叙文时通常应遵循以下几点：1. 在下笔时先要定下内容和中心。定内容就是常说的选材，选材要注意一是新颖，二是真实。定中心时要注意一是明确，二是集中。2. 要交待要素，即时间、地点、人物、事件的起因、经过和结果。3. 要力求内容具体。4. 要根据文章的中心确定详略并且要得当。5.写作时要注意时态和人称。一般用第一人称写本人的经历和耳闻目睹的事情，用第三人称写他人经历的事情，记叙文所记的一般是过去发生的事情，所以原则上通常用过去时态来写。

An Unforgettable Night

At 10 o’clock last Saturday night I came out of the cinema. It was cold and the ro ad was covered with snow.

Suddenly I saw a woman fall off her bike. She couldn’t get up. I ran to her at once and tried to help her to sit up. She said that her right leg was broken. I was worrying about when a young policeman came over. He called a taxi. I took her to a hospital and telephoned her family about the matter. As I saw the woman was well looked after, I said goodbye to her.

I felt happy I could help the woman and I also hope she will be soon getting well.

【评析】本文是一篇典型的三段文章，第一段介绍人物、时间及故事的背景；第二段写事件过程；第三段写感受。全文结构紧凑，情节完整。

下面几幅画介绍的是星期一早晨发生在高中一年级教室内的一件事。请根据这几幅画的内容写一篇记叙文。

注意：1. 叙述须包含所有图画的内容，可以适当增加细节，使故事连贯；2. 词数100左右；3. 戴帽者为李明，另一个学生是王刚。

It was Monday. Li Ming was the first to come to the classroom. When he came to his seat，however， he found his bench was broken. Seeing there was nobody around， he decided to

change benches with Wang Gang， whose seat was just behind his， and so he did. After a while， Wang Gang came. When he saw the broken bench， he carried it out of the classroom. Wondering what he was going to do， Li Ming came out and found that he had begun to repair the broken bench. Li Ming’s face went red. He got a hammer and said to Wang Gang，“Let’s repair it together. ”

二．说明文写作

说明文宜用三段式：第一段主要介绍要说明的对象及说明的目的；第二段说明事物的主要特征或做事情的方法步骤；第三段进行总结概括。时态通常用一般现在时。写作时应遵循以下几个步骤：

一、仔细审题，明确说明对象，抓住要说明的事物或事理的主要特征。

二、说明顺序（时间、空间或逻辑）分层次进行说明，注意条理清晰。

三、说明方法，比如定义法、举例法、比较法和细节描述法等，不要遗漏主要内容。

四、根据说明顺序及内容确定过渡词和恰当的句型结构。文字应客观、简洁、明了，不要追求华丽和加入太多个人观点。

以下将就高考中常见的三种说明文类型进行具体的写作指导。

【如何进行方位说明】在介绍一个地点时，首先要抓住该地点的特征，通常建议考生采用以下两种说明顺序：1、选择中心坐标进行说明：在介绍规则排列的方位或有多个建筑物时，先选定中心坐标，然后再就其前后左右的其他建筑物进行说明。这样写作可以突出重点，语言也会非常紧凑。2、按照参观的顺序进行说明：介绍不规则排列的方位时，可以按照参观的顺序，选择好起点，然后逐一进行介绍。

Thank you for your last letter asking about our library. Here is some information about it. Located between the garden and the teaching building, our school library situates in the center of the school and has beautiful surroundings. It has all kinds of books, magazines and newspapers providing us with all kinds of knowledge and the latest information. According to the rules, each student can borrow no more than 5 books at a time for at most 10 days, and it is open from 9 a.m. to 7 p.m every day except weekends, which makes it convenient for us students to read in it or to borrow books from it.

The school library is our favorite place after class. We enjoy reading in it.

点评：该生作文属于第五档（23分）。考生充分理解了题目要求，带着一种自豪的语气但又很客观准确地介绍了学校图书馆。写作内容覆盖了两幅图中所有要点，在说明第一幅图时采用了选择中心坐标法，在说明第二幅图时将图书馆规则和便于学生使用结合起来，逻辑非常清晰，全文结构紧凑。该考生对倒装句、定语从句使用熟练恰当，行文流畅。完全达到了预期的写作目的。